創建用戶
您可以通過調用createUserWithEmailAndPassword
方法或使用聯合身份提供商(例如Google Sign-In或Facebook Login )首次登錄用戶來在 Firebase 項目中創建新用戶。
您還可以在Firebase 控制台的“用戶”頁面上的“身份驗證”部分創建新的經過密碼身份驗證的用戶。
獲取當前登錄的用戶
獲取當前用戶的推薦方法是調用getCurrentUser
方法。如果沒有用戶登錄, getCurrentUser
將返回 null:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { // User is signed in } else { // No user is signed in }
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser if (user != null) { // User is signed in } else { // No user is signed in }
在某些情況下, getCurrentUser
將返回非 null FirebaseUser
,但基礎令牌無效。例如,如果用戶在另一台設備上被刪除並且本地令牌尚未刷新,則可能會發生這種情況。在這種情況下,您可能會獲得一個有效的用戶getCurrentUser
,但隨後對經過身份驗證的資源的調用將失敗。
getCurrentUser
也可能返回null
,因為 auth 對象尚未完成初始化。
如果您附加一個AuthStateListener ,您將在每次底層令牌狀態更改時收到一個回調。這對於對上述邊緣情況做出反應很有用。
獲取用戶的個人資料
要獲取用戶的個人資料信息,請使用FirebaseUser
實例的訪問器方法。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { // Name, email address, and profile photo Url String name = user.getDisplayName(); String email = user.getEmail(); Uri photoUrl = user.getPhotoUrl(); // Check if user's email is verified boolean emailVerified = user.isEmailVerified(); // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use // FirebaseUser.getIdToken() instead. String uid = user.getUid(); }
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user?.let { // Name, email address, and profile photo Url val name = user.displayName val email = user.email val photoUrl = user.photoUrl // Check if user's email is verified val emailVerified = user.isEmailVerified // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use // FirebaseUser.getToken() instead. val uid = user.uid }
獲取用戶的提供商特定的個人資料信息
要獲取從鏈接到用戶的登錄提供程序檢索的配置文件信息,請使用getProviderData
方法。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { for (UserInfo profile : user.getProviderData()) { // Id of the provider (ex: google.com) String providerId = profile.getProviderId(); // UID specific to the provider String uid = profile.getUid(); // Name, email address, and profile photo Url String name = profile.getDisplayName(); String email = profile.getEmail(); Uri photoUrl = profile.getPhotoUrl(); } }
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user?.let { for (profile in it.providerData) { // Id of the provider (ex: google.com) val providerId = profile.providerId // UID specific to the provider val uid = profile.uid // Name, email address, and profile photo Url val name = profile.displayName val email = profile.email val photoUrl = profile.photoUrl } }
更新用戶的個人資料
您可以使用updateProfile
方法更新用戶的基本個人資料信息(用戶的顯示名稱和個人資料照片 URL)。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); UserProfileChangeRequest profileUpdates = new UserProfileChangeRequest.Builder() .setDisplayName("Jane Q. User") .setPhotoUri(Uri.parse("https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg")) .build(); user.updateProfile(profileUpdates) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User profile updated."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser val profileUpdates = userProfileChangeRequest { displayName = "Jane Q. User" photoUri = Uri.parse("https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg") } user!!.updateProfile(profileUpdates) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User profile updated.") } }
設置用戶的電子郵件地址
您可以使用updateEmail
方法設置用戶的電子郵件地址。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); user.updateEmail("user@example.com") .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User email address updated."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user!!.updateEmail("user@example.com") .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User email address updated.") } }
向用戶發送驗證電子郵件
您可以使用sendEmailVerification
方法向用戶發送地址驗證電子郵件。例如:
Java
FirebaseAuth auth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance(); FirebaseUser user = auth.getCurrentUser(); user.sendEmailVerification() .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user!!.sendEmailVerification() .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent.") } }
您可以在電子郵件模板頁面上自定義Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分中使用的電子郵件模板。請參閱 Firebase 幫助中心的電子郵件模板。
發送驗證電子郵件時,也可以通過繼續 URL傳遞狀態以重定向回應用程序。
此外,您可以通過在發送電子郵件之前更新 Auth 實例上的語言代碼來本地化驗證電子郵件。例如:
Java
auth.setLanguageCode("fr"); // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage();
Kotlin+KTX
auth.setLanguageCode("fr") // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage()
設置用戶密碼
您可以使用updatePassword
方法設置用戶的密碼。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); String newPassword = "SOME-SECURE-PASSWORD"; user.updatePassword(newPassword) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User password updated."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser val newPassword = "SOME-SECURE-PASSWORD" user!!.updatePassword(newPassword) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User password updated.") } }
發送密碼重置電子郵件
您可以使用sendPasswordResetEmail
方法向用戶發送密碼重置電子郵件。例如:
Java
FirebaseAuth auth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance(); String emailAddress = "user@example.com"; auth.sendPasswordResetEmail(emailAddress) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val emailAddress = "user@example.com" Firebase.auth.sendPasswordResetEmail(emailAddress) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent.") } }
您可以在電子郵件模板頁面上自定義Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分中使用的電子郵件模板。請參閱 Firebase 幫助中心的電子郵件模板。
發送密碼重置電子郵件時,還可以通過繼續 URL傳遞狀態以重定向回應用程序。
此外,您可以通過在發送電子郵件之前更新 Auth 實例上的語言代碼來本地化密碼重置電子郵件。例如:
Java
auth.setLanguageCode("fr"); // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage();
Kotlin+KTX
auth.setLanguageCode("fr") // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage()
您還可以從 Firebase 控制台發送密碼重置電子郵件。
刪除用戶
您可以使用delete
方法刪除用戶帳戶。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); user.delete() .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User account deleted."); } } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser!! user.delete() .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User account deleted.") } }
您還可以在Firebase 控制台的“用戶”頁面上的“身份驗證”部分刪除用戶。
重新驗證用戶
某些安全敏感操作(例如刪除帳戶、設置主電子郵件地址和更改密碼)要求用戶最近登錄。如果您執行這些操作之一,而用戶登錄時間過長,則操作失敗並拋出FirebaseAuthRecentLoginRequiredException
。發生這種情況時,通過從用戶獲取新的登錄憑據並將憑據傳遞給reauthenticate
來重新驗證用戶。例如:
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); // Get auth credentials from the user for re-authentication. The example below shows // email and password credentials but there are multiple possible providers, // such as GoogleAuthProvider or FacebookAuthProvider. AuthCredential credential = EmailAuthProvider .getCredential("user@example.com", "password1234"); // Prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials user.reauthenticate(credential) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { Log.d(TAG, "User re-authenticated."); } });
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser!! // Get auth credentials from the user for re-authentication. The example below shows // email and password credentials but there are multiple possible providers, // such as GoogleAuthProvider or FacebookAuthProvider. val credential = EmailAuthProvider .getCredential("user@example.com", "password1234") // Prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials user.reauthenticate(credential) .addOnCompleteListener { Log.d(TAG, "User re-authenticated.") }
導入用戶帳戶
您可以使用 Firebase CLI 的auth:import
命令將用戶帳戶從文件導入您的 Firebase 項目。例如:
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=scrypt --rounds=8 --mem-cost=14