Cloud Firestore에 데이터 추가

다음과 같은 몇 가지 방법으로 Cloud Firestore에 데이터를 쓸 수 있습니다.

문서 식별자를 명시적으로 지정하여 컬렉션 내의 문서 데이터를 설정합니다.
컬렉션에 새 문서를 추가합니다. 이 경우 Cloud Firestore에서 자동으로 문서 식별자를 생성합니다.
자동으로 생성된 식별자로 빈 문서를 만들고 나중에 데이터를 할당합니다.

이 가이드에서는 Cloud Firestore에서 개별 문서를 설정, 추가, 업데이트하는 방법을 설명합니다. 데이터를 일괄 쓰기하려면 트랜잭션 및 일괄 쓰기를 참조하세요.

문서 설정

단일 문서를 만들거나 덮어쓰려면 set() 메서드를 사용합니다.

웹 v8

// Add a new document in collection "cities"
db.collection("cities").doc("LA").set({
    name: "Los Angeles",
    state: "CA",
    country: "USA"
})
.then(() => {
    console.log("Document successfully written!");
})
.catch((error) => {
    console.error("Error writing document: ", error);
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

// Add a new document in collection "cities"
await setDoc(doc(db, "cities", "LA"), {
  name: "Los Angeles",
  state: "CA",
  country: "USA"
});set_document.js

Swift

// Add a new document in collection "cities"
db.collection("cities").document("LA").setData([
    "name": "Los Angeles",
    "state": "CA",
    "country": "USA"
]) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error writing document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document successfully written!")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// Add a new document in collection "cities"
[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"LA"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"Los Angeles",
  @"state": @"CA",
  @"country": @"USA"
} completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (error != nil) {
    NSLog(@"Error writing document: %@", error);
  } else {
    NSLog(@"Document successfully written!");
  }
}];ViewController.m

자바

Map<String, Object> city = new HashMap<>();
city.put("name", "Los Angeles");
city.put("state", "CA");
city.put("country", "USA");

db.collection("cities").document("LA")
        .set(city)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!");
            }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e);
            }
        });DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val city = hashMapOf(
        "name" to "Los Angeles",
        "state" to "CA",
        "country" to "USA"
)

db.collection("cities").document("LA")
        .set(city)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e) }DocSnippets.kt

자바

// Create a Map to store the data we want to set
Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
docData.put("name", "Los Angeles");
docData.put("state", "CA");
docData.put("country", "USA");
docData.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"));
// Add a new document (asynchronously) in collection "cities" with id "LA"
ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(docData);
// ...
// future.get() blocks on response
System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

data = {
    u'name': u'Los Angeles',
    u'state': u'CA',
    u'country': u'USA'
}

# Add a new doc in collection 'cities' with ID 'LA'
db.collection(u'cities').document(u'LA').set(data)snippets.py

C++

// Add a new document in collection 'cities'
db->Collection("cities")
    .Document("LA")
    .Set({{"name", FieldValue::String("Los Angeles")},
          {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")},
          {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}})
    .OnCompletion([](const Future<void>& future) {
      if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) {
        std::cout << "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!\n";
      } else {
        std::cout << "Error writing document: " << future.error_message()
                  << '\n';
      }
    });snippets.cpp

Node.js

const data = {
  name: 'Los Angeles',
  state: 'CA',
  country: 'USA'
};

// Add a new document in collection "cities" with ID 'LA'
const res = await db.collection('cities').doc('LA').set(data);index.js

Go

_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("LA").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
	"name":    "Los Angeles",
	"state":   "CA",
	"country": "USA",
})
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$data = [
    'name' => 'Los Angeles',
    'state' => 'CA',
    'country' => 'USA'
];
$db->collection('cities')->document('LA')->set($data);set_document.php

Unity

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "Name", "Los Angeles" },
	{ "State", "CA" },
	{ "Country", "USA" }
};
docRef.SetAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
	Debug.Log("Added data to the LA document in the cities collection.");
});

C#

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "name", "Los Angeles" },
    { "state", "CA" },
    { "country", "USA" }
};
await docRef.SetAsync(city);Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/LA"

data = {
  name:    "Los Angeles",
  state:   "CA",
  country: "USA"
}

city_ref.set dataadd_data.rb

문서가 없으면 새로 생성됩니다. 문서가 있으면 새로 제공한 데이터로 내용을 덮어쓰지만, 다음과 같이 데이터를 기존 문서와 병합하도록 지정한 경우는 예외입니다.

웹 v8

var cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('BJ');

var setWithMerge = cityRef.set({
    capital: true
}, { merge: true });test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

const cityRef = doc(db, 'cities', 'BJ');
setDoc(cityRef, { capital: true }, { merge: true });set_with_merge.js

Swift

// Update one field, creating the document if it does not exist.
db.collection("cities").document("BJ").setData([ "capital": true ], merge: true)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// Write to the document reference, merging data with existing
// if the document already exists
[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"BJ"]
     setData:@{ @"capital": @YES }
     merge:YES
     completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
       // ...
     }];ViewController.m

자바

// Update one field, creating the document if it does not already exist.
Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
data.put("capital", true);

db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
        .set(data, SetOptions.merge());DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

// Update one field, creating the document if it does not already exist.
val data = hashMapOf("capital" to true)

db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
        .set(data, SetOptions.merge())DocSnippets.kt

자바

//asynchronously update doc, create the document if missing
Map<String, Object> update = new HashMap<>();
update.put("capital", true);

ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult =
    db
        .collection("cities")
        .document("BJ")
        .set(update, SetOptions.merge());
// ...
System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get().getUpdateTime());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'BJ')

city_ref.set({
    u'capital': True
}, merge=True)snippets.py

C++

db->Collection("cities").Document("BJ").Set(
    {{"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}}, SetOptions::Merge());snippets.cpp

Node.js

const cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('BJ');

const res = await cityRef.set({
  capital: true
}, { merge: true });index.js

Go

_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("BJ").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
	"capital": true,
}, firestore.MergeAll)

if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$cityRef = $db->collection('cities')->document('BJ');
$cityRef->set([
    'capital' => true
], ['merge' => true]);set_document_merge.php

Unity

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
Dictionary<string, object> update = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "capital", false }
};
docRef.SetAsync(update, SetOptions.MergeAll);

C#

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
Dictionary<string, object> update = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "capital", false }
};
await docRef.SetAsync(update, SetOptions.MergeAll);Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/LA"
city_ref.set({ capital: false }, merge: true)add_data.rb

문서가 있는지 확실하지 않은 경우 전체 문서를 실수로 덮어쓰지 않도록 새 데이터를 기존 문서와 병합하는 옵션을 전달하세요.

데이터 유형

Cloud Firestore를 사용하면 문서 안에 문자열, 부울, 숫자, 날짜, null, 중첩 배열, 객체를 비롯하여 다양한 데이터 유형을 쓸 수 있습니다. Cloud Firestore는 코드에서 사용하는 숫자 유형과 관계없이 숫자를 항상 배정밀도 실수로 저장합니다.

웹 v8

var docData = {
    stringExample: "Hello world!",
    booleanExample: true,
    numberExample: 3.14159265,
    dateExample: firebase.firestore.Timestamp.fromDate(new Date("December 10, 1815")),
    arrayExample: [5, true, "hello"],
    nullExample: null,
    objectExample: {
        a: 5,
        b: {
            nested: "foo"
        }
    }
};
db.collection("data").doc("one").set(docData).then(() => {
    console.log("Document successfully written!");
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc, Timestamp } from "firebase/firestore";

const docData = {
    stringExample: "Hello world!",
    booleanExample: true,
    numberExample: 3.14159265,
    dateExample: Timestamp.fromDate(new Date("December 10, 1815")),
    arrayExample: [5, true, "hello"],
    nullExample: null,
    objectExample: {
        a: 5,
        b: {
            nested: "foo"
        }
    }
};
await setDoc(doc(db, "data", "one"), docData);data_types.js

Swift

let docData: [String: Any] = [
    "stringExample": "Hello world!",
    "booleanExample": true,
    "numberExample": 3.14159265,
    "dateExample": Timestamp(date: Date()),
    "arrayExample": [5, true, "hello"],
    "nullExample": NSNull(),
    "objectExample": [
        "a": 5,
        "b": [
            "nested": "foo"
        ]
    ]
]
db.collection("data").document("one").setData(docData) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error writing document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document successfully written!")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

NSDictionary *docData = @{
  @"stringExample": @"Hello world!",
  @"booleanExample": @YES,
  @"numberExample": @3.14,
  @"dateExample": [FIRTimestamp timestampWithDate:[NSDate date]],
  @"arrayExample": @[@5, @YES, @"hello"],
  @"nullExample": [NSNull null],
  @"objectExample": @{
    @"a": @5,
    @"b": @{
      @"nested": @"foo"
    }
  }
};

[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"data"] documentWithPath:@"one"] setData:docData
    completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error writing document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document successfully written!");
      }
    }];ViewController.m

자바

Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
docData.put("stringExample", "Hello world!");
docData.put("booleanExample", true);
docData.put("numberExample", 3.14159265);
docData.put("dateExample", new Timestamp(new Date()));
docData.put("listExample", Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3));
docData.put("nullExample", null);

Map<String, Object> nestedData = new HashMap<>();
nestedData.put("a", 5);
nestedData.put("b", true);

docData.put("objectExample", nestedData);

db.collection("data").document("one")
        .set(docData)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!");
            }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e);
            }
        });DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val docData = hashMapOf(
        "stringExample" to "Hello world!",
        "booleanExample" to true,
        "numberExample" to 3.14159265,
        "dateExample" to Timestamp(Date()),
        "listExample" to arrayListOf(1, 2, 3),
        "nullExample" to null
)

val nestedData = hashMapOf(
        "a" to 5,
        "b" to true
)

docData["objectExample"] = nestedData

db.collection("data").document("one")
        .set(docData)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e) }DocSnippets.kt

자바

Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
docData.put("stringExample", "Hello, World");
docData.put("booleanExample", false);
docData.put("numberExample", 3.14159265);
docData.put("nullExample", null);

ArrayList<Object> arrayExample = new ArrayList<>();
Collections.addAll(arrayExample, 5L, true, "hello");
docData.put("arrayExample", arrayExample);

Map<String, Object> objectExample = new HashMap<>();
objectExample.put("a", 5L);
objectExample.put("b", true);

docData.put("objectExample", objectExample);

ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("data").document("one").set(docData);
System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

data = {
    u'stringExample': u'Hello, World!',
    u'booleanExample': True,
    u'numberExample': 3.14159265,
    u'dateExample': datetime.datetime.now(),
    u'arrayExample': [5, True, u'hello'],
    u'nullExample': None,
    u'objectExample': {
        u'a': 5,
        u'b': True
    }
}

db.collection(u'data').document(u'one').set(data)snippets.py

C++

MapFieldValue doc_data{
    {"stringExample", FieldValue::String("Hello world!")},
    {"booleanExample", FieldValue::Boolean(true)},
    {"numberExample", FieldValue::Double(3.14159265)},
    {"dateExample", FieldValue::Timestamp(Timestamp::Now())},
    {"arrayExample", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::Integer(1),
                                        FieldValue::Integer(2),
                                        FieldValue::Integer(3)})},
    {"nullExample", FieldValue::Null()},
    {"objectExample",
     FieldValue::Map(
         {{"a", FieldValue::Integer(5)},
          {"b", FieldValue::Map(
                    {{"nested", FieldValue::String("foo")}})}})},
};

db->Collection("data").Document("one").Set(doc_data).OnCompletion(
    [](const Future<void>& future) {
      if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) {
        std::cout << "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!\n";
      } else {
        std::cout << "Error writing document: " << future.error_message()
                  << '\n';
      }
    });snippets.cpp

Node.js

const data = {
  stringExample: 'Hello, World!',
  booleanExample: true,
  numberExample: 3.14159265,
  dateExample: admin.firestore.Timestamp.fromDate(new Date('December 10, 1815')),
  arrayExample: [5, true, 'hello'],
  nullExample: null,
  objectExample: {
    a: 5,
    b: true
  }
};

const res = await db.collection('data').doc('one').set(data);index.js

Go

doc := make(map[string]interface{})
doc["stringExample"] = "Hello world!"
doc["booleanExample"] = true
doc["numberExample"] = 3.14159265
doc["dateExample"] = time.Now()
doc["arrayExample"] = []interface{}{5, true, "hello"}
doc["nullExample"] = nil
doc["objectExample"] = map[string]interface{}{
	"a": 5,
	"b": true,
}

_, err := client.Collection("data").Doc("one").Set(ctx, doc)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$data = [
    'stringExample' => 'Hello World',
    'booleanExample' => true,
    'numberExample' => 3.14159265,
    'dateExample' => new Timestamp(new DateTime()),
    'arrayExample' => array(5, true, 'hello'),
    'nullExample' => null,
    'objectExample' => ['a' => 5, 'b' => true],
    'documentReferenceExample' => $db->collection('data')->document('two'),
];
$db->collection('data')->document('one')->set($data);
printf('Set multiple data-type data for the one document in the data collection.' . PHP_EOL);add_doc_data_types.php

Unity

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("data").Document("one");
Dictionary<string, object> docData = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "stringExample", "Hello World" },
	{ "booleanExample", false },
	{ "numberExample", 3.14159265 },
	{ "nullExample", null },
	{ "arrayExample", new List<object>() { 5, true, "Hello" } },
	{ "objectExample", new Dictionary<string, object>
		{
			{ "a", 5 },
			{ "b", true },
		}
	},
};

docRef.SetAsync(docData);

C#

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("data").Document("one");
Dictionary<string, object> docData = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "stringExample", "Hello World" },
    { "booleanExample", false },
    { "numberExample", 3.14159265 },
    { "nullExample", null },
};

ArrayList arrayExample = new ArrayList();
arrayExample.Add(5);
arrayExample.Add(true);
arrayExample.Add("Hello");
docData.Add("arrayExample", arrayExample);

Dictionary<string, object> objectExample = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "a", 5 },
    { "b", true },
};
docData.Add("objectExample", objectExample);

await docRef.SetAsync(docData);Program.cs

Ruby

doc_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/one"

data = {
  stringExample:  "Hello, World!",
  booleanExample: true,
  numberExample:  3.14159265,
  dateExample:    DateTime.now,
  arrayExample:   [5, true, "hello"],
  nullExample:    nil,
  objectExample:  {
    a: 5,
    b: true
  }
}

doc_ref.set dataadd_data.rb

커스텀 객체

Map 또는 Dictionary 객체로는 문서를 표현하기가 불편한 경우가 많으므로 Cloud Firestore는 커스텀 클래스를 사용하여 문서를 작성하는 방식도 지원합니다. Cloud Firestore에서 객체를 지원되는 데이터 유형으로 변환합니다.

커스텀 클래스를 사용하면 앞의 예시를 다음과 같이 다시 작성할 수 있습니다.

웹 v8

class City {
    constructor (name, state, country ) {
        this.name = name;
        this.state = state;
        this.country = country;
    }
    toString() {
        return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country;
    }
}

// Firestore data converter
var cityConverter = {
    toFirestore: function(city) {
        return {
            name: city.name,
            state: city.state,
            country: city.country
            };
    },
    fromFirestore: function(snapshot, options){
        const data = snapshot.data(options);
        return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country);
    }
};test.firestore.js

웹 v9

class City {
    constructor (name, state, country ) {
        this.name = name;
        this.state = state;
        this.country = country;
    }
    toString() {
        return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country;
    }
}

// Firestore data converter
const cityConverter = {
    toFirestore: (city) => {
        return {
            name: city.name,
            state: city.state,
            country: city.country
            };
    },
    fromFirestore: (snapshot, options) => {
        const data = snapshot.data(options);
        return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country);
    }
};city_custom_object.js

Swift

public struct City: Codable {

    let name: String
    let state: String?
    let country: String?
    let isCapital: Bool?
    let population: Int64?

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case name
        case state
        case country
        case isCapital = "capital"
        case population
    }

}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// This isn't supported in Objective-C.

자바

각 커스텀 클래스에는 인수를 사용하지 않는 공개 생성자가 있어야 합니다. 또한 각 속성의 공개 getter가 클래스에 포함되어야 합니다.

public class City {

    private String name;
    private String state;
    private String country;
    private boolean capital;
    private long population;
    private List<String> regions;

    public City() {}

    public City(String name, String state, String country, boolean capital, long population, List<String> regions) {
        // ...
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    public boolean isCapital() {
        return capital;
    }

    public long getPopulation() {
        return population;
    }

    public List<String> getRegions() {
        return regions;
    }

}DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

data class City(
    val name: String? = null,
    val state: String? = null,
    val country: String? = null,
    @field:JvmField // use this annotation if your Boolean field is prefixed with 'is'
    val isCapital: Boolean? = null,
    val population: Long? = null,
    val regions: List<String>? = null
)DocSnippets.kt

자바

public City() {
  // Must have a public no-argument constructor
}

// Initialize all fields of a city
public City(String name, String state, String country,
            Boolean capital, Long population, List<String> regions) {
  this.name = name;
  this.state = state;
  this.country = country;
  this.capital = capital;
  this.population = population;
  this.regions = regions;
}City.java

Python

class City(object):
    def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0,
                 regions=[]):
        self.name = name
        self.state = state
        self.country = country
        self.capital = capital
        self.population = population
        self.regions = regions

    @staticmethod
    def from_dict(source):
        # ...

    def to_dict(self):
        # ...

    def __repr__(self):
        return(
            f'City(\
                name={self.name}, \
                country={self.country}, \
                population={self.population}, \
                capital={self.capital}, \
                regions={self.regions}\
            )'
        )snippets.py

C++

// This is not yet supported.

Node.js

// Node.js uses JavaScript objects

Go


// City represents a city.
type City struct {
	Name       string   `firestore:"name,omitempty"`
	State      string   `firestore:"state,omitempty"`
	Country    string   `firestore:"country,omitempty"`
	Capital    bool     `firestore:"capital,omitempty"`
	Population int64    `firestore:"population,omitempty"`
	Regions    []string `firestore:"regions,omitempty"`
}
main.go

PHP

// This isn't supported in PHP

Unity

[FirestoreData]
public class City
{
	[FirestoreProperty]
	public string Name { get; set; }

	[FirestoreProperty]
	public string State { get; set; }

	[FirestoreProperty]
	public string Country { get; set; }

	[FirestoreProperty]
	public bool Capital { get; set; }

	[FirestoreProperty]
	public long Population { get; set; }
}

C#

[FirestoreData]
public class City
{
    [FirestoreProperty]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [FirestoreProperty]
    public string State { get; set; }

    [FirestoreProperty]
    public string Country { get; set; }

    [FirestoreProperty]
    public bool Capital { get; set; }

    [FirestoreProperty]
    public long Population { get; set; }
}Program.cs

Ruby

// This isn't supported in Ruby

웹 v8

// Set with cityConverter
db.collection("cities").doc("LA")
  .withConverter(cityConverter)
  .set(new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA"));test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

// Set with cityConverter
const ref = doc(db, "cities", "LA").withConverter(cityConverter);
await setDoc(ref, new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA"));set_custom_object.js

Swift

let city = City(name: "Los Angeles",
                state: "CA",
                country: "USA",
                isCapital: false,
                population: 5000000)

do {
    try db.collection("cities").document("LA").setData(from: city)
} catch let error {
    print("Error writing city to Firestore: \(error)")
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// This isn't supported in Objective-C.

자바

City city = new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA",
        false, 5000000L, Arrays.asList("west_coast", "sorcal"));
db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city);DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val city = City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA",
        false, 5000000L, listOf("west_coast", "socal"))
db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city)DocSnippets.kt

자바

City city = new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", false, 3900000L,
    Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"));
ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city);
// block on response if required
System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city = City(name=u'Los Angeles', state=u'CA', country=u'USA')
db.collection(u'cities').document(u'LA').set(city.to_dict())snippets.py

C++

// This is not yet supported.

Node.js

// Node.js uses JavaScript objects

Go

city := City{
	Name:    "Los Angeles",
	Country: "USA",
}
_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("LA").Set(ctx, city)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

// This isn't supported in PHP.

Unity

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
City city = new City
{
	Name = "Los Angeles",
	State = "CA",
	Country = "USA",
	Capital = false,
	Population = 3900000L
};
docRef.SetAsync(city);

C#

DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
City city = new City
{
    Name = "Los Angeles",
    State = "CA",
    Country = "USA",
    Capital = false,
    Population = 3900000L
};
await docRef.SetAsync(city);Program.cs

Ruby

// This isn't supported in Ruby.

문서 추가

set()을 사용하여 문서를 만들 때는 만들 문서의 ID를 지정해야 합니다. 예를 들면 다음과 같습니다.

웹 v8

db.collection("cities").doc("new-city-id").set(data);test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

await setDoc(doc(db, "cities", "new-city-id"), data);cities_document_set.js

Swift

db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").setData(data)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"new-city-id"]
    setData:data];ViewController.m

자바

db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data);DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data)DocSnippets.kt

자바

db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data);ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

db.collection(u'cities').document(u'new-city-id').set(data)snippets.py

C++

db->Collection("cities").Document("SF").Set({/*some data*/});snippets.cpp

Node.js

await db.collection('cities').doc('new-city-id').set(data);index.js

Go

_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("new-city-id").Set(ctx, data)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$db->collection('cities')->document('new-city-id')->set($data);set_requires_id.php

Unity

db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id").SetAsync(city);

C#

await db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id").SetAsync(city);Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/new-city-id"
city_ref.set dataadd_data.rb

그러나 문서에 유의미한 ID를 두지 않고 Cloud Firestore에서 자동으로 ID를 생성하도록 하는 것이 편리한 때도 있습니다. 다음과 같이 add()를 호출하면 됩니다.

웹 v8

// Add a new document with a generated id.
db.collection("cities").add({
    name: "Tokyo",
    country: "Japan"
})
.then((docRef) => {
    console.log("Document written with ID: ", docRef.id);
})
.catch((error) => {
    console.error("Error adding document: ", error);
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { collection, addDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

// Add a new document with a generated id.
const docRef = await addDoc(collection(db, "cities"), {
  name: "Tokyo",
  country: "Japan"
});
console.log("Document written with ID: ", docRef.id);add_document.js

Swift

// Add a new document with a generated id.
var ref: DocumentReference? = nil
ref = db.collection("cities").addDocument(data: [
    "name": "Tokyo",
    "country": "Japan"
]) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error adding document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document added with ID: \(ref!.documentID)")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// Add a new document with a generated id.
__block FIRDocumentReference *ref =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] addDocumentWithData:@{
      @"name": @"Tokyo",
      @"country": @"Japan"
    } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error adding document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document added with ID: %@", ref.documentID);
      }
    }];ViewController.m

자바

// Add a new document with a generated id.
Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
data.put("name", "Tokyo");
data.put("country", "Japan");

db.collection("cities")
        .add(data)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<DocumentReference>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(DocumentReference documentReference) {
                Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot written with ID: " + documentReference.getId());
            }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Error adding document", e);
            }
        });DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

// Add a new document with a generated id.
val data = hashMapOf(
        "name" to "Tokyo",
        "country" to "Japan"
)

db.collection("cities")
    .add(data)
    .addOnSuccessListener { documentReference ->
        Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot written with ID: ${documentReference.id}")
    }
    .addOnFailureListener { e ->
        Log.w(TAG, "Error adding document", e)
    }DocSnippets.kt

자바

// Add document data with auto-generated id.
Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
data.put("name", "Tokyo");
data.put("country", "Japan");
ApiFuture<DocumentReference> addedDocRef = db.collection("cities").add(data);
System.out.println("Added document with ID: " + addedDocRef.get().getId());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city = City(name=u'Tokyo', state=None, country=u'Japan')
db.collection(u'cities').add(city.to_dict())snippets.py

C++

db->Collection("cities").Add({/*some data*/});snippets.cpp

Node.js

// Add a new document with a generated id.
const res = await db.collection('cities').add({
  name: 'Tokyo',
  country: 'Japan'
});

console.log('Added document with ID: ', res.id);index.js

Go

_, _, err := client.Collection("cities").Add(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
	"name":    "Tokyo",
	"country": "Japan",
})
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$data = [
    'name' => 'Tokyo',
    'country' => 'Japan'
];
$addedDocRef = $db->collection('cities')->add($data);
printf('Added document with ID: %s' . PHP_EOL, $addedDocRef->id());add_doc_data_with_auto_id.php

Unity

Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "Name", "Tokyo" },
	{ "Country", "Japan" }
};
db.Collection("cities").AddAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
	DocumentReference addedDocRef = task.Result;
	Debug.Log(String.Format("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id));
});

C#

Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "Name", "Tokyo" },
    { "Country", "Japan" }
};
DocumentReference addedDocRef = await db.Collection("cities").AddAsync(city);
Console.WriteLine("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id);Program.cs

Ruby

data = {
  name:    "Tokyo",
  country: "Japan"
}

cities_ref = firestore.col collection_path

added_doc_ref = cities_ref.add data
puts "Added document with ID: #{added_doc_ref.document_id}."add_data.rb

경우에 따라서는 자동 생성 ID를 사용하여 문서 참조를 만든 후 참조를 사용하는 방법이 유용할 수 있습니다. 다음과 같이 doc()을 호출하면 됩니다.

웹 v8

// Add a new document with a generated id.
var newCityRef = db.collection("cities").doc();

// later...
newCityRef.set(data);test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { collection, doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

// Add a new document with a generated id
const newCityRef = doc(collection(db, "cities"));

// later...
await setDoc(newCityRef, data);new_document.js

Swift

let newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document()

// later...
newCityRef.setData([
    // ...
])ViewController.swift

Objective-C

FIRDocumentReference *newCityRef = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithAutoID];
// later...
[newCityRef setData:@{ /* ... */ }];ViewController.m

자바

Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();

DocumentReference newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document();

// Later...
newCityRef.set(data);DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val data = HashMap<String, Any>()

val newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document()

// Later...
newCityRef.set(data)DocSnippets.kt

자바

// Add document data after generating an id.
DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.collection("cities").document();
System.out.println("Added document with ID: " + addedDocRef.getId());

// later...
ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = addedDocRef.set(data);ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

new_city_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document()

# later...
new_city_ref.set({
    # ...
})snippets.py

C++

DocumentReference new_city_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document();snippets.cpp

Node.js

const newCityRef = db.collection('cities').doc();

// Later...
const res = await newCityRef.set({
  // ...
});index.js

Go

ref := client.Collection("cities").NewDoc()

// later...
_, err := ref.Set(ctx, data)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$addedDocRef = $db->collection('cities')->newDocument();
printf('Added document with ID: %s' . PHP_EOL, $addedDocRef->id());
$addedDocRef->set($data);add_doc_data_after_auto_id.php

Unity

DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.Collection("cities").Document();
Debug.Log(String.Format("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id));
addedDocRef.SetAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
	Debug.Log(String.Format(
		"Added data to the {0} document in the cities collection.", addedDocRef.Id));
});

C#

DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.Collection("cities").Document();
Console.WriteLine("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id);
await addedDocRef.SetAsync(city);Program.cs

Ruby

cities_ref = firestore.col collection_path

added_doc_ref = cities_ref.doc
puts "Added document with ID: #{added_doc_ref.document_id}."

added_doc_ref.set dataadd_data.rb

실제로 .add(...)와 .doc().set(...)은 완전히 동일하므로 더 편리한 것을 사용하면 됩니다.

문서 업데이트

전체 문서를 덮어쓰지 않고 문서의 일부 필드를 업데이트하려면 update() 메서드를 사용합니다.

웹 v8

var washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").doc("DC");

// Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
return washingtonRef.update({
    capital: true
})
.then(() => {
    console.log("Document successfully updated!");
})
.catch((error) => {
    // The document probably doesn't exist.
    console.error("Error updating document: ", error);
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, updateDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");

// Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
  capital: true
});update_document.js

Swift

let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
washingtonRef.updateData([
    "capital": true
]) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error updating document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document successfully updated")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];
// Set the "capital" field of the city
[washingtonRef updateData:@{
  @"capital": @YES
} completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (error != nil) {
    NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
  } else {
    NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
  }
}];ViewController.m

자바

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// Set the "isCapital" field of the city 'DC'
washingtonRef
        .update("capital", true)
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!");
            }
        })
        .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Error updating document", e);
            }
        });DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Set the "isCapital" field of the city 'DC'
washingtonRef
        .update("capital", true)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error updating document", e) }DocSnippets.kt

자바

// Update an existing document
DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// (async) Update one field
ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = docRef.update("capital", true);

// ...
WriteResult result = future.get();
System.out.println("Write result: " + result);ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'DC')

# Set the capital field
city_ref.update({u'capital': True})snippets.py

C++

DocumentReference washington_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("DC");
// Set the "capital" field of the city "DC".
washington_ref.Update({{"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}});snippets.cpp

Node.js

const cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');

// Set the 'capital' field of the city
const res = await cityRef.update({capital: true});index.js

Go

_, err = client.Collection("cities").Doc("DC").Update(ctx, []firestore.Update{
	{
		Path:  "capital",
		Value: true,
	},
})
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$cityRef = $db->collection('cities')->document('DC');
$cityRef->update([
    ['path' => 'capital', 'value' => true]
]);update_doc.php

Unity

DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "Capital", false }
};

cityRef.UpdateAsync(updates).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
	Debug.Log(
		"Updated the Capital field of the new-city-id document in the cities collection.");
});
// You can also update a single field with: cityRef.UpdateAsync("Capital", false);

C#

DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "Capital", false }
};
await cityRef.UpdateAsync(updates);

// You can also update a single field with: await cityRef.UpdateAsync("Capital", false);Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/DC"
city_ref.update({ capital: true })add_data.rb

서버 타임스탬프

문서의 필드를 서버가 업데이트를 수신하는 시기를 추적하는 서버 타임스탬프로 설정할 수 있습니다.

웹 v8

var docRef = db.collection('objects').doc('some-id');

// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
var updateTimestamp = docRef.update({
    timestamp: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { updateDoc, serverTimestamp } from "firebase/firestore";

const docRef = doc(db, 'objects', 'some-id');

// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
const updateTimestamp = await updateDoc(docRef, {
    timestamp: serverTimestamp()
});update_with_server_timestamp.js

Swift

db.collection("objects").document("some-id").updateData([
    "lastUpdated": FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
]) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error updating document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document successfully updated")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"objects"] documentWithPath:@"some-id"] updateData:@{
  @"lastUpdated": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForServerTimestamp]
} completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (error != nil) {
    NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
  } else {
    NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
  }
}];ViewController.m

자바

// If you're using custom Java objects in Android, add an @ServerTimestamp
// annotation to a Date field for your custom object classes. This indicates
// that the Date field should be treated as a server timestamp by the object mapper.
DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id");

// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
Map<String,Object> updates = new HashMap<>();
updates.put("timestamp", FieldValue.serverTimestamp());

docRef.update(updates).addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() {
    // ...
    // ...DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

// If you're using custom Kotlin objects in Android, add an @ServerTimestamp
// annotation to a Date field for your custom object classes. This indicates
// that the Date field should be treated as a server timestamp by the object mapper.
val docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id")

// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
val updates = hashMapOf<String, Any>(
        "timestamp" to FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
)

docRef.update(updates).addOnCompleteListener { }DocSnippets.kt

자바

DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id");
// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = docRef.update("timestamp", FieldValue.serverTimestamp());
System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city_ref = db.collection(u'objects').document(u'some-id')
city_ref.update({
    u'timestamp': firestore.SERVER_TIMESTAMP
})snippets.py

C++

DocumentReference doc_ref = db->Collection("objects").Document("some-id");
doc_ref.Update({{"timestamp", FieldValue::ServerTimestamp()}})
    .OnCompletion([](const Future<void>& future) {
      // ...
    });snippets.cpp

Node.js

// Get the `FieldValue` object
const FieldValue = admin.firestore.FieldValue;

// Create a document reference
const docRef = db.collection('objects').doc('some-id');

// Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
const res = await docRef.update({
  timestamp: FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
});index.js

Go

_, err := client.Collection("objects").Doc("some-id").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
	"timestamp": firestore.ServerTimestamp,
}, firestore.MergeAll)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

$docRef = $db->collection('objects')->document('some-id');
$docRef->update([
    ['path' => 'timestamp', 'value' => FieldValue::serverTimestamp()]
]);update_server_timestamp.php

Unity

DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
cityRef.UpdateAsync("Timestamp", FieldValue.ServerTimestamp)
	.ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
		Debug.Log(
			"Updated the Timestamp field of the new-city-id document in the cities "
			+ "collection.");
	});

C#

DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
await cityRef.UpdateAsync("Timestamp", Timestamp.GetCurrentTimestamp());Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/new-city-id"
city_ref.update({ timestamp: firestore.field_server_time })add_data.rb

트랜잭션 안의 여러 타임스탬프 필드를 업데이트할 때 각 필드는 동일한 서버 타임스탬프 값을 수신합니다.

중첩된 객체의 필드 업데이트

문서에 중첩된 객체가 있는 경우 update()를 호출할 때 '점 표기법'을 사용하여 문서 내의 중첩된 필드를 참조할 수 있습니다.

웹 v8

// Create an initial document to update.
var frankDocRef = db.collection("users").doc("frank");
frankDocRef.set({
    name: "Frank",
    favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" },
    age: 12
});

// To update age and favorite color:
db.collection("users").doc("frank").update({
    "age": 13,
    "favorites.color": "Red"
})
.then(() => {
    console.log("Document successfully updated!");
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, setDoc, updateDoc } from "firebase/firestore";

// Create an initial document to update.
const frankDocRef = doc(db, "users", "frank");
await setDoc(frankDocRef, {
    name: "Frank",
    favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" },
    age: 12
});

// To update age and favorite color:
await updateDoc(frankDocRef, {
    "age": 13,
    "favorites.color": "Red"
});update_document_nested.js

Swift

// Create an initial document to update.
let frankDocRef = db.collection("users").document("frank")
frankDocRef.setData([
    "name": "Frank",
    "favorites": [ "food": "Pizza", "color": "Blue", "subject": "recess" ],
    "age": 12
    ])

// To update age and favorite color:
db.collection("users").document("frank").updateData([
    "age": 13,
    "favorites.color": "Red"
]) { err in
    if let err = err {
        print("Error updating document: \(err)")
    } else {
        print("Document successfully updated")
    }
}ViewController.swift

Objective-C

// Create an initial document to update.
FIRDocumentReference *frankDocRef =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"users"] documentWithPath:@"frank"];
[frankDocRef setData:@{
  @"name": @"Frank",
  @"favorites": @{
    @"food": @"Pizza",
    @"color": @"Blue",
    @"subject": @"recess"
  },
  @"age": @12
}];
// To update age and favorite color:
[frankDocRef updateData:@{
  @"age": @13,
  @"favorites.color": @"Red",
} completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
  if (error != nil) {
    NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
  } else {
    NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
  }
}];ViewController.m

자바

// Assume the document contains:
// {
//   name: "Frank",
//   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
//   age: 12
// }
//
// To update age and favorite color:
db.collection("users").document("frank")
        .update(
                "age", 13,
                "favorites.color", "Red"
        );DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

// Assume the document contains:
// {
//   name: "Frank",
//   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
//   age: 12
// }
//
// To update age and favorite color:
db.collection("users").document("frank")
        .update(mapOf(
                "age" to 13,
                "favorites.color" to "Red"
        ))DocSnippets.kt

자바

// Create an initial document to update
DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.collection("users").document("frank");
Map<String, Object> initialData = new HashMap<>();
initialData.put("name", "Frank");
initialData.put("age", 12);

Map<String, Object> favorites = new HashMap<>();
favorites.put("food", "Pizza");
favorites.put("color", "Blue");
favorites.put("subject", "Recess");
initialData.put("favorites", favorites);

ApiFuture<WriteResult> initialResult = frankDocRef.set(initialData);
// Confirm that data has been successfully saved by blocking on the operation
initialResult.get();

// Update age and favorite color
Map<String, Object> updates = new HashMap<>();
updates.put("age", 13);
updates.put("favorites.color", "Red");

// Async update document
ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = frankDocRef.update(updates);
// ...
System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get().getUpdateTime());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

# Create an initial document to update
frank_ref = db.collection(u'users').document(u'frank')
frank_ref.set({
    u'name': u'Frank',
    u'favorites': {
        u'food': u'Pizza',
        u'color': u'Blue',
        u'subject': u'Recess'
    },
    u'age': 12
})

# Update age and favorite color
frank_ref.update({
    u'age': 13,
    u'favorites.color': u'Red'
})snippets.py

C++

// Assume the document contains:
// {
//   name: "Frank",
//   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
//   age: 12
// }
//
// To update age and favorite color:
db->Collection("users").Document("frank").Update({
    {"age", FieldValue::Integer(13)},
    {"favorites.color", FieldValue::String("red")},
});snippets.cpp

Node.js

const initialData = {
  name: 'Frank',
  age: 12,
  favorites: {
    food: 'Pizza',
    color: 'Blue',
    subject: 'recess'
  }
};

// ...
const res = await db.collection('users').doc('Frank').update({
  age: 13,
  'favorites.color': 'Red'
});index.js

Go

initialData := map[string]interface{}{
	"name": "Frank",
	"age":  12,
	"favorites": map[string]interface{}{
		"food":    "Pizza",
		"color":   "Blue",
		"subject": "recess",
	},
}

// ...

_, err := client.Collection("users").Doc("frank").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
	"age": 13,
	"favorites": map[string]interface{}{
		"color": "Red",
	},
}, firestore.MergeAll)
if err != nil {
	// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
	log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
}save.go

PHP

// Create an initial document to update
$frankRef = $db->collection('users')->document('frank');
$frankRef->set([
    'name' => 'Frank',
    'favorites' => ['food' => 'Pizza', 'color' => 'Blue', 'subject' => 'Recess'],
    'age' => 12
]);

// Update age and favorite color
$frankRef->update([
    ['path' => 'age', 'value' => 13],
    ['path' => 'favorites.color', 'value' => 'Red']
]);update_nested_fields.php

Unity

DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.Collection("users").Document("frank");
Dictionary<string, object> initialData = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "Name", "Frank" },
	{ "Age", 12 }
};

Dictionary<string, object> favorites = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
	{ "Food", "Pizza" },
	{ "Color", "Blue" },
	{ "Subject", "Recess" },
};
initialData.Add("Favorites", favorites);
frankDocRef.SetAsync(initialData).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {

	// Update age and favorite color
	Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
	{
		{ "Age", 13 },
		{ "Favorites.Color", "Red" },
	};

	// Asynchronously update the document
	return frankDocRef.UpdateAsync(updates);
}).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
	Debug.Log(
		"Updated the age and favorite color fields of the Frank document in "
		+ "the users collection.");
});

C#

DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.Collection("users").Document("frank");
Dictionary<string, object> initialData = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "Name", "Frank" },
    { "Age", 12 }
};

Dictionary<string, object> favorites = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "Food", "Pizza" },
    { "Color", "Blue" },
    { "Subject", "Recess" },
};
initialData.Add("Favorites", favorites);
await frankDocRef.SetAsync(initialData);

// Update age and favorite color
Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
{
    { "Age", 13 },
    { "Favorites.Color", "Red" },
};

// Asynchronously update the document
await frankDocRef.UpdateAsync(updates);Program.cs

Ruby

# Create an initial document to update
frank_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/frank"
frank_ref.set(
  {
    name:      "Frank",
    favorites: {
      food:    "Pizza",
      color:   "Blue",
      subject: "Recess"
    },
    age:       12
  }
)

# Update age and favorite color
frank_ref.update({ age: 13, "favorites.color": "Red" })add_data.rb

점 표기법을 사용하면 다른 중첩 필드를 덮어쓰지 않고 단일 중첩 필드를 업데이트할 수 있습니다. 점 표기법을 사용하지 않고 중첩 필드를 업데이트하면 다음 예시와 같이 전체 맵 필드를 덮어쓰게 됩니다.

웹


// Create our initial doc
db.collection("users").doc("frank").set({
  name: "Frank",
  favorites: {
    food: "Pizza",
    color: "Blue",
    subject: "Recess"
  },
  age: 12
}).then(function() {
  console.log("Frank created");
});

// Update the doc without using dot notation.
// Notice the map value for favorites.
db.collection("users").doc("frank").update({
  favorites: {
    food: "Ice Cream"
  }
}).then(function() {
  console.log("Frank food updated");
});

/*
Ending State, favorite.color and favorite.subject are no longer present:
/users
    /frank
        {
            name: "Frank",
            favorites: {
                food: "Ice Cream",
            },
            age: 12
        }
 */

배열 요소 업데이트

문서에 배열 필드가 포함되어 있으면 arrayUnion() 및 arrayRemove()를 사용해 요소를 추가하거나 삭제할 수 있습니다. arrayUnion()은 배열에 없는 요소만 추가하고, arrayRemove()는 제공된 각 요소의 모든 인스턴스를 삭제합니다.

웹 v8

var washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").doc("DC");

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update({
    regions: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia")
});

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update({
    regions: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast")
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, updateDoc, arrayUnion, arrayRemove } from "firebase/firestore";

const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
    regions: arrayUnion("greater_virginia")
});

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
    regions: arrayRemove("east_coast")
});update_document_array.js

Swift

let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.updateData([
    "regions": FieldValue.arrayUnion(["greater_virginia"])
])

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.updateData([
    "regions": FieldValue.arrayRemove(["east_coast"])
])ViewController.swift

Objective-C

FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
[washingtonRef updateData:@{
  @"regions": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForArrayUnion:@[@"greater_virginia"]]
}];

// Atomically remove a new region to the "regions" array field.
[washingtonRef updateData:@{
  @"regions": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForArrayRemove:@[@"east_coast"]]
}];ViewController.m

자바

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"));

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"));DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"))

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"))DocSnippets.kt

자바

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
ApiFuture<WriteResult> arrayUnion = washingtonRef.update("regions",
    FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"));
System.out.println("Update time : " + arrayUnion.get());

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
ApiFuture<WriteResult> arrayRm = washingtonRef.update("regions",
    FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"));
System.out.println("Update time : " + arrayRm.get());ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

city_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'DC')

# Atomically add a new region to the 'regions' array field.
city_ref.update({u'regions': firestore.ArrayUnion([u'greater_virginia'])})

# // Atomically remove a region from the 'regions' array field.
city_ref.update({u'regions': firestore.ArrayRemove([u'east_coast'])})snippets.py

C++

// This is not yet supported.

Node.js

const admin = require('firebase-admin');
// ...
const washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
const unionRes = await washingtonRef.update({
  regions: admin.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion('greater_virginia')
});
// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
const removeRes = await washingtonRef.update({
  regions: admin.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove('east_coast')
});index.js

Go

// Not supported yet

PHP

$cityRef = $db->collection('cities')->document('DC');

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
$cityRef->update([
    ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::arrayUnion(['greater_virginia'])]
]);

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
$cityRef->update([
    ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::arrayRemove(['east_coast'])]
]);update_doc_array.php

Unity

// This is not yet supported in the Unity SDK

C#

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("DC");

// Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.ArrayUnion("greater_virginia"));

// Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.ArrayRemove("east_coast"));Program.cs

Ruby

// Not supported yet

숫자 값 늘리기

다음 예시에 표시된 대로 숫자 필드 값을 늘리거나 줄일 수 있습니다. 증분 작업은 필드의 현재 값을 지정된 값만큼 늘리거나 줄입니다. 필드가 없거나 현재 필드 값이 숫자가 아니면 작업을 통해 필드가 특정 값으로 설정됩니다.

웹 v8

var washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
washingtonRef.update({
    population: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.increment(50)
});test.firestore.js

웹 v9

import { doc, updateDoc, increment } from "firebase/firestore";

const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
    population: increment(50)
});update_document_increment.js

Swift

let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
// Note that increment() with no arguments increments by 1.
washingtonRef.updateData([
    "population": FieldValue.increment(Int64(50))
])ViewController.swift

Objective-C

FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
// Note that increment() with no arguments increments by 1.
[washingtonRef updateData:@{
  @"population": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForIntegerIncrement:50]
}];ViewController.m

자바

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
washingtonRef.update("population", FieldValue.increment(50));DocSnippets.java

Kotlin+KTX

val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
washingtonRef.update("population", FieldValue.increment(50))DocSnippets.kt

자바

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
final ApiFuture<WriteResult> updateFuture = washingtonRef
    .update("population", FieldValue.increment(50));ManageDataSnippets.java

Python

washington_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'DC')

washington_ref.update({"population": firestore.Increment(50)})snippets.py

C++

// This is not yet supported.

Node.js

const admin = require('firebase-admin');
// ...
const washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
const res = await washingtonRef.update({
  population: admin.firestore.FieldValue.increment(50)
});index.js

Go

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
)

// updateDocumentIncrement increments the population of the city document in the
// cities collection by 50.
func updateDocumentIncrement(projectID, city string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project"

	ctx := context.Background()

	client, err := firestore.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("firestore.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	dc := client.Collection("cities").Doc(city)
	_, err = dc.Update(ctx, []firestore.Update{
		{Path: "population", Value: firestore.Increment(50)},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Update: %v", err)
	}

	return nil
}
increment.go

PHP

$cityRef = $db->collection('cities')->document('DC');

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
$cityRef->update([
    ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::increment(50)]
]);update_doc_increment.php

Unity

// This is not yet supported in the Unity SDK.

C#

DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("DC");

// Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.Increment(50));Program.cs

Ruby

city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/DC"
city_ref.update({ population: firestore.field_increment(50) })add_data.rb

증분 작업은 카운터를 구현하는 데 유용하지만, 초당 한 번만 단일 문서를 업데이트할 수 있다는 점에 유의하세요. 카운터를 이보다 자주 업데이트해야 하는 경우 분산 카운터 페이지를 참조하세요.