Firebase Cross Device Codelab

lib/main.dart is being served at http://localhost:<port>

import 'package:firebase_core/firebase_core.dart';
import 'firebase_options.dart';
 
void main() async {
 WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();
 await Firebase.initializeApp(
   options: DefaultFirebaseOptions.currentPlatform,
 );
 runApp(const MyMusicBoxApp());
}

import 'package:firebase_auth/firebase_auth.dart'; // new
import 'package:firebase_core/firebase_core.dart'; // new
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

import '../firebase_options.dart';
import 'authentication.dart';

class ApplicationState extends ChangeNotifier {
  ApplicationState() {
    init();
  }

  Future<void> init() async {
    await Firebase.initializeApp(
      options: DefaultFirebaseOptions.currentPlatform,
    );

    FirebaseAuth.instance.userChanges().listen((user) {
      if (user != null) {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.loggedIn;
      } else {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.loggedOut;
      }
      notifyListeners();
    });
  }

  ApplicationLoginState _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.loggedOut;
  ApplicationLoginState get loginState => _loginState;

  String? _email;
  String? get email => _email;

  void startLoginFlow() {
    _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.emailAddress;
    notifyListeners();
  }

  Future<void> verifyEmail(
    String email,
    void Function(FirebaseAuthException e) errorCallback,
  ) async {
    try {
      var methods =
          await FirebaseAuth.instance.fetchSignInMethodsForEmail(email);
      if (methods.contains('password')) {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.password;
      } else {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.register;
      }
      _email = email;
      notifyListeners();
    } on FirebaseAuthException catch (e) {
      errorCallback(e);
    }
  }

  Future<void> signInWithEmailAndPassword(
    String email,
    String password,
    void Function(FirebaseAuthException e) errorCallback,
  ) async {
    try {
      await FirebaseAuth.instance.signInWithEmailAndPassword(
        email: email,
        password: password,
      );
    } on FirebaseAuthException catch (e) {
      errorCallback(e);
    }
  }

  void cancelRegistration() {
    _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.emailAddress;
    notifyListeners();
  }

  Future<void> registerAccount(
      String email,
      String displayName,
      String password,
      void Function(FirebaseAuthException e) errorCallback) async {
    try {
      var credential = await FirebaseAuth.instance
          .createUserWithEmailAndPassword(email: email, password: password);
      await credential.user!.updateDisplayName(displayName);
    } on FirebaseAuthException catch (e) {
      errorCallback(e);
    }
  }

  void signOut() {
    FirebaseAuth.instance.signOut();
  }
}

import 'src/application_state.dart'; 
import 'package:provider/provider.dart';

void main() async {
  ... 
  runApp(ChangeNotifierProvider(
    create: (context) => ApplicationState(),
    builder: (context, _) => const MyMusicBoxApp(),
  ));
}

import 'application_state.dart';
import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
import 'authentication.dart';

class AppBarMenuButton extends StatelessWidget {
  const AppBarMenuButton({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return Consumer<ApplicationState>(
      builder: (context, appState, child) {
        if (appState.loginState == ApplicationLoginState.loggedIn) {
          return SignedInMenuButton(buildContext: context);
        }
        return SignInMenuButton(buildContext: context);
      },
    );
  }
}

class SignedInMenuButton extends StatelessWidget {
  const SignedInMenuButton({Key? key, required this.buildContext})
      : super(key: key);
  final BuildContext buildContext;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return PopupMenuButton<String>(
      onSelected: _handleSignedInMenu,
      color: Colors.deepPurple.shade300,
      itemBuilder: (context) => _getMenuItemBuilder(),
    );
  }

  List<PopupMenuEntry<String>> _getMenuItemBuilder() {
    return [
      const PopupMenuItem<String>(
        value: 'Sign out',
        child: Text(
          'Sign out',
          style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
        ),
      )
    ];
  }

  Future<void> _handleSignedInMenu(String value) async {
    switch (value) {
      case 'Sign out':
        Provider.of<ApplicationState>(buildContext, listen: false).signOut();
        break;
    }
  }
}

class SignInMenuButton extends StatelessWidget {
  const SignInMenuButton({Key? key, required this.buildContext})
      : super(key: key);
  final BuildContext buildContext;

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return PopupMenuButton<String>(
      onSelected: _signIn,
      color: Colors.deepPurple.shade300,
      itemBuilder: (context) => _getMenuItemBuilder(context),
    );
  }

  Future<void> _signIn(String value) async {
    return showDialog<void>(
      context: buildContext,
      builder: (context) => const SignInDialog(),
    );
  }

  List<PopupMenuEntry<String>> _getMenuItemBuilder(BuildContext context) {
    return [
      const PopupMenuItem<String>(
        value: 'Sign in',
        child: Text(
          'Sign in',
          style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
        ),
      ),
    ];
  }
}

class SignInDialog extends AlertDialog {
  const SignInDialog({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

  @override
  AlertDialog build(BuildContext context) {
    return AlertDialog(
      content: Column(mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min, children: [
        Consumer<ApplicationState>(
          builder: (context, appState, _) => Authentication(
            email: appState.email,
            loginState: appState.loginState,
            startLoginFlow: appState.startLoginFlow,
            verifyEmail: appState.verifyEmail,
            signInWithEmailAndPassword: appState.signInWithEmailAndPassword,
            cancelRegistration: appState.cancelRegistration,
            registerAccount: appState.registerAccount,
            signOut: appState.signOut,
          ),
        ),
      ]),
    );
  }
}

import 'src/widgets.dart';
appBar: AppBar(
  title: const Text('Music Box'),
  backgroundColor: Colors.deepPurple.shade400,
  actions: const <Widget>[
    AppBarMenuButton(),
  ],
),

 static const FirebaseOptions web = FirebaseOptions(
    apiKey: yourApiKey,
    ...
    databaseURL: 'https://<YOUR_DATABASE_URL>,
    ...
  );

import 'dart:io';
import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
import 'package:firebase_database/firebase_database.dart';
import 'package:firebase_app_installations/firebase_app_installations.dart'; 

class ApplicationState extends ChangeNotifier {

  String? _deviceId;
  String? _uid;

  Future<void> init() async {
    ...
    FirebaseAuth.instance.userChanges().listen((user) {
      if (user != null) {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.loggedIn;
        _uid = user.uid;
        _addUserDevice();
      }
      ...
    });
  }

  Future<void> _addUserDevice() async {
    _uid = FirebaseAuth.instance.currentUser?.uid;

    String deviceType = _getDevicePlatform();
    // Create two objects which we will write to the
    // Realtime database when this device is offline or online
    var isOfflineForDatabase = {
      'type': deviceType,
      'state': 'offline',
      'last_changed': ServerValue.timestamp,
    };
    var isOnlineForDatabase = {
      'type': deviceType,
      'state': 'online',
      'last_changed': ServerValue.timestamp,
    };

    var devicesRef =
        FirebaseDatabase.instance.ref().child('/users/$_uid/devices');

    FirebaseInstallations.instance
        .getId()
        .then((id) => _deviceId = id)
        .then((_) {
      // Use the semi-persistent Firebase Installation Id to key devices
      var deviceStatusRef = devicesRef.child('$_deviceId');

      // RTDB Presence API
      FirebaseDatabase.instance
          .ref()
          .child('.info/connected')
          .onValue
          .listen((data) {
        if (data.snapshot.value == false) {
          return;
        }

        deviceStatusRef.onDisconnect().set(isOfflineForDatabase).then((_) {
          deviceStatusRef.set(isOnlineForDatabase);
        });
      });
    });
  }

  String _getDevicePlatform() {
    if (kIsWeb) {
      return 'Web';
    } else if (Platform.isIOS) {
      return 'iOS';
    } else if (Platform.isAndroid) {
      return 'Android';
    }
    return 'Unknown';
  }

  bool _isLeadDevice = false;
  String? leadDeviceType;

  Future<void> setLeadDevice() async {
    if (_uid != null && _deviceId != null) {
      var playerRef =
          FirebaseDatabase.instance.ref().child('/users/$_uid/active_device');
      await playerRef
          .update({'id': _deviceId, 'type': _getDevicePlatform()}).then((_) {
        _isLeadDevice = true;
      });
    }
  }

class SignedInMenuButton extends StatelessWidget {
  const SignedInMenuButton({Key? key, required this.buildContext})
      : super(key: key);
  final BuildContext buildContext;

  List<PopupMenuEntry<String>> _getMenuItemBuilder() {
    return [
      const PopupMenuItem<String>(
        value: 'Sign out',
        child: Text(
          'Sign out',
          style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
        ),
      ),
      const PopupMenuItem<String>(
        value: 'Controller',
        child: Text(
          'Set as controller',
          style: TextStyle(color: Colors.white),
        ),
      )
    ];
  }

  void _handleSignedInMenu(String value) async {
    switch (value) {
      ...
      case 'Controller':
        Provider.of<ApplicationState>(buildContext, listen: false)
            .setLeadDevice();
    }
  }
}

  Future<void> setLeadDeviceState(
      int playerState, double sliderPosition) async {
    if (_isLeadDevice && _uid != null && _deviceId != null) {
      var leadDeviceStateRef =
          FirebaseDatabase.instance.ref().child('/users/$_uid/active_device');
      try {
        var playerSnapshot = {
          'id': _deviceId,
          'state': playerState,
          'type': _getDevicePlatform(),
          'slider_position': sliderPosition
        };
        await leadDeviceStateRef.set(playerSnapshot);
      } catch (e) {
        throw Exception('updated playerState with error');
      }
    }
  }

import 'package:provider/provider.dart';
import 'application_state.dart';

 void _onSliderChangeHandler(v) {
    ...
    // update player state in RTDB if device is active
    Provider.of<ApplicationState>(context, listen: false)
        .setLeadDeviceState(_playerState.index, _sliderPosition);
 }

 Future<int> _pause() async {
    ...
    // update DB if device is active
    Provider.of<ApplicationState>(context, listen: false)
        .setLeadDeviceState(_playerState.index, _sliderPosition);
    return result;
  }

 Future<int> _play() async {
    var result = 0;

    // update DB if device is active
    Provider.of<ApplicationState>(context, listen: false)
        .setLeadDeviceState(PlayerState.PLAYING.index, _sliderPosition);

    if (_playerState == PlayerState.PAUSED) {
      result = await _audioPlayer.resume();
      return result;
    }
    ...
 }

 Future<int> _updatePositionAndSlider(Duration tempPosition) async {
    ...
    // update DB if device is active
    Provider.of<ApplicationState>(context, listen: false)
        .setLeadDeviceState(_playerState.index, _sliderPosition);
    return result;
  }

// Interface to be implemented by PlayerWidget
typedef OnLeadDeviceChangeCallback = void Function(
    Map<dynamic, dynamic> snapshot);

class ApplicationState extends ChangeNotifier {
  ...

  OnLeadDeviceChangeCallback? onLeadDeviceChangeCallback;

  Future<void> init() async {
    FirebaseAuth.instance.userChanges().listen((user) {
      if (user != null) {
        _loginState = ApplicationLoginState.loggedIn;
        _uid = user.uid;
        _addUserDevice().then((_) => listenToLeadDeviceChange());
      }
      ...
    });
  }

  Future<void> listenToLeadDeviceChange() async {
    if (_uid != null) {
      var activeDeviceRef =
          FirebaseDatabase.instance.ref().child('/users/$_uid/active_device');
      activeDeviceRef.onValue.listen((event) {
        final activeDeviceState = event.snapshot.value as Map<dynamic, dynamic>;
        String activeDeviceKey = activeDeviceState['id'] as String;
        _isLeadDevice = _deviceId == activeDeviceKey;
        leadDeviceType = activeDeviceState['type'] as String;
        if (!_isLeadDevice) {
          onLeadDeviceChangeCallback?.call(activeDeviceState);
        }
        notifyListeners();
      });
    }
  }

class _PlayerWidgetState extends State<PlayerWidget> {

  @override
  void initState() {
    ...
    Provider.of<ApplicationState>(context, listen: false)
        .onLeadDeviceChangeCallback = updatePlayer;
  }

  void updatePlayer(Map<dynamic, dynamic> snapshot) {
    _updatePlayer(snapshot['state'], snapshot['slider_position']);
  }

  void _updatePlayer(dynamic state, dynamic sliderPosition) {
    if (state is int && sliderPosition is double) {
      try {
        _updateSlider(sliderPosition);
        final PlayerState newState = PlayerState.values[state];
        if (newState != _playerState) {
          switch (newState) {
            case PlayerState.PLAYING:
              _play();
              break;
            case PlayerState.PAUSED:
              _pause();
              break;
            case PlayerState.STOPPED:
            case PlayerState.COMPLETED:
              _stop();
              break;
          }
          _playerState = newState;
        }
      } catch (e) {
        if (kDebugMode) {
          print('sync player failed');
        }
      }
    }
  }

{
  "rules": {
    "users": {
           "$uid": {
               ".read": "$uid === auth.uid",
               ".write": "$uid === auth.uid"
           }
    },
  }
}