在 Apple 平台应用中接收消息

选择平台： iOS+ Android Web Flutter Unity C++


当安装到设备上后，您的客户端应用便可通过 FCM APNs 接口接收消息。您可以立即开始使用 Notifications Composer 或在应用服务器上构建的消息向细分用户群发送通知。

处理提醒通知

FCM 会通过 APNs 传送定位到 Apple 应用的所有消息。如需详细了解如何通过 UNUserNotificationCenter 接收 APNs 通知，请参阅 Apple 有关处理通知和通知相关操作的文档。

您必须设置 UNUserNotificationCenter delegate 并实现适当的委托方法才能接收来自 FCM 的显示通知 (display notification)。

Swift

// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10+ devices.
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                            willPresent notification: UNNotification) async
  -> UNNotificationPresentationOptions {
  let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo

  // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
  // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)

  // ...

  // Print full message.
  print(userInfo)

  // Change this to your preferred presentation option
  // Note: UNNotificationPresentationOptions.alert has been deprecated.
  return [.list, .banner, .sound]
}

func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                            didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse) async {
  let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo

  // ...

  // Print full message.
  print(userInfo)
}
MigratedSnippets.swift

Objective-C

// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10+ devices.
// Handle incoming notification messages while app is in the foreground.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
       willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification
         withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler {
  NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo;

  // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
  // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];

  // Print full message.
  NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);

  // Change this to your preferred presentation option
  completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionList |
                    UNNotificationPresentationOptionBanner |
                    UNNotificationPresentationOptionSound);
}

- (void)messaging:(FIRMessaging *)messaging didReceiveRegistrationToken:(NSString *)fcmToken {
    NSLog(@"FCM registration token: %@", fcmToken);
    // Notify about received token.
    NSDictionary *dataDict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:fcmToken forKey:@"token"];
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:
     @"FCMToken" object:nil userInfo:dataDict];
    // TODO: If necessary send token to application server.
    // Note: This callback is fired at each app startup and whenever a new token is generated.
}

- (void)logFCMToken {
  NSString *fcmToken = [FIRMessaging messaging].FCMToken;
  NSLog(@"Local FCM registration token: %@", fcmToken);

  NSString* displayToken = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Logged FCM token: %@", fcmToken];

  [[FIRMessaging messaging] tokenWithCompletion:^(NSString * _Nullable token, NSError * _Nullable error) {
    if (error != nil) {
      NSLog(@"Error fetching the remote FCM registration token: %@", error);
    } else {
      NSLog(@"Remote FCM registration token: %@", token);
      NSString* message =
        [NSString stringWithFormat:@"FCM registration token: %@", token];
      // display message
      NSLog(@"%@", message);
    }
  }];
  NSLog(@"%@", displayToken);
}

- (void)subsribeToTopic {
  [[FIRMessaging messaging] subscribeToTopic:@"weather"
                                  completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
    NSLog(@"Subscribed to weather topic");
  }];
}

@end

ObjCMigratedSnippets.m

如果您要为通知添加自定义操作，请在通知载荷中设置 click_action 参数。使用的值应与您会在 APNs 载荷的 category 键中使用的值相同。自定义操作必须先注册，然后才能使用。如需了解详情，请参阅 Apple 的本地和远程通知编程指南。

如需详细了解发送到您应用的消息，请参阅 FCM 报告信息中心。该信息中心会记录在 Apple 和 Android 设备上发送和打开的消息数量，以及 Android 应用的“展示次数”（用户看到的通知条数）数据。

处理静默推送通知

使用 content-available 键（与 APNs 的 content-available 等效）发送消息时，消息将作为静默通知传送，从而在后台唤醒您的应用以执行后台数据刷新等任务。与前台通知不同，这些通知必须通过 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:) 方法处理。

如下所示，实现 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:)：

Swift

@MainActor
func application(_ application: UIApplication,
                 didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) async
  -> UIBackgroundFetchResult {
  // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background,
  // this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application.
  // TODO: Handle data of notification

  // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
  // Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)

  // ...

  // Print full message.
  print(userInfo)
  print("Call exportDeliveryMetricsToBigQuery() from AppDelegate")
  Messaging.serviceExtension().exportDeliveryMetricsToBigQuery(withMessageInfo: userInfo)
  return UIBackgroundFetchResult.newData
}
MigratedSnippets.swift

Objective-C

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
    fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {
  // If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background,
  // this callback will not be fired until the user taps on the notification launching the application.
  // TODO: Handle data of notification

  // With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
  // [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];

  // Print full message.
  NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);

  completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
}
ObjCMigratedSnippets.m

Apple 平台不保证后台通知传递成功。如需了解可能导致后台通知失败的情况，请参阅 Apple 有关将后台更新推送到应用的文档。

解读通知消息载荷

通知消息的载荷是由键和值组成的字典。通过 APNs 发送的通知消息遵循如下 APNs 载荷格式：

  {
    "aps" : {
      "alert" : {
        "body" : "great match!",
        "title" : "Portugal vs. Denmark",
      },
      "badge" : 1,
    },
    "customKey" : "customValue"
  }

在方法调配已停用的情况下处理消息

默认情况下，如果您将应用的委托类分配给 UNUserNotificationCenter 和 Messaging 委托属性，FCM 将对您的应用委托类进行一些调配，自动将 FCM 令牌与该设备的 APNs 令牌相关联，并将收到通知事件传递给 Analytics。如果您明确停用了方法调配、在构建 SwiftUI 应用或为任一委托使用单独的类，则需要手动执行这两个任务。

如需将 FCM 令牌与设备 APNs 令牌相关联，请通过 apnsToken 属性将 APNs 令牌传递给应用委托的令牌刷新处理程序中的 Messaging 类。

Swift

func application(_ application: UIApplication,
    didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
  Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken;
}

Objective-C

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
    didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
  [FIRMessaging messaging].APNSToken = deviceToken;
}

如需向 Analytics 传递通知回执信息，请使用 appDidReceiveMessage(_:) 方法。

Swift

func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                            willPresent notification: UNNotification,
  withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
  let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo

  Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)

  // Change this to your preferred presentation option
  completionHandler([[.alert, .sound]])
}

func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
                            didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
                            withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
  let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo

  Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)

  completionHandler()
}

func application(_ application: UIApplication,
didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any],
  fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) {
  Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
  completionHandler(.noData)
}

Objective-C

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
      willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification
        withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler {
  NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo;

  [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];

  // Change this to your preferred presentation option
  completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert);
}

- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response
        withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler {
  NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;

  [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];

  completionHandler();
}

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler {
  [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
  completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNoData);
}