在裝置上安裝用戶端應用程式後，即可透過 FCM APN 介面接收訊息。您可以立即開始使用 通知編輯器，或在應用程式伺服器上建立的訊息，向使用者區隔傳送通知。
處理警示通知
FCM 會透過 APN 傳送所有鎖定 Apple 應用程式的訊息。如要進一步瞭解如何透過 UNUserNotificationCenter 接收 APN 通知，請參閱 Apple 的「處理通知和通知相關動作」說明文件。
您必須設定 UNUserNotificationCenter 委派程式，並實作適當的委派程式方法，才能接收來自 FCM 的顯示通知。
Swift
extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices.
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
willPresent notification: UNNotification) async
-> UNNotificationPresentationOptions {
let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
// ...
// Print full message.
print(userInfo)
// Change this to your preferred presentation option
return [[.alert, .sound]]
}
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse) async {
let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
// ...
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
// Print full message.
print(userInfo)
}
}
Objective-C
// Receive displayed notifications for iOS 10 devices.
// Handle incoming notification messages while app is in the foreground.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification
withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler {
NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo;
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
// ...
// Print full message.
NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
// Change this to your preferred presentation option
completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert);
}
// Handle notification messages after display notification is tapped by the user.
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response
withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler {
NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;
if (userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]) {
NSLog(@"Message ID: %@", userInfo[kGCMMessageIDKey]);
}
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
// Print full message.
NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
completionHandler();
}
如要在通知中新增自訂動作，請在通知酬載資料中設定 click_action 參數。請使用 APN 酬載中 category 鍵的值。您必須先註冊自訂動作，才能使用這些動作。詳情請參閱 Apple 的本機和遠端通知程式設計指南。
如要深入瞭解應用程式訊息的傳送情形，請參閱 FCM 報表資訊主頁，這可記錄在 Apple 和 Android 裝置上傳送及開啟的訊息數量，以及 Android 應用程式「曝光次數」(使用者看到的通知) 資料。
處理靜音推播通知
使用 content-available 鍵 (等同於 APN 的 content-available) 傳送訊息時，系統會以靜默通知的形式傳送訊息，喚醒背景中的應用程式，執行背景資料重新整理等工作。與前景通知不同，這些通知必須透過 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:) 方法處理。
請實作 application(_:didReceiveRemoteNotification:fetchCompletionHandler:)，如下所示：
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication,
didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable: Any]) async
-> UIBackgroundFetchResult {
// If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background,
// this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application.
// TODO: Handle data of notification
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
// Print message ID.
if let messageID = userInfo[gcmMessageIDKey] {
print("Message ID: \(messageID)")
}
// Print full message.
print(userInfo)
return UIBackgroundFetchResult.newData
}
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler {
// If you are receiving a notification message while your app is in the background,
// this callback will not be fired till the user taps on the notification launching the application.
// TODO: Handle data of notification
// With swizzling disabled you must let Messaging know about the message, for Analytics
// [[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
// ...
// Print full message.
NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
}
Apple 平台無法保證背景通知會送達。如要瞭解可能導致背景通知失敗的情況，請參閱 Apple 的「將背景更新推送至應用程式」說明文件。
解讀通知訊息酬載
通知訊息的酬載是鍵和值的字典。透過 APN 傳送的通知訊息會遵循 APN 酬載格式，如下所示：
{
"aps" : {
"alert" : {
"body" : "great match!",
"title" : "Portugal vs. Denmark",
},
"badge" : 1,
},
"customKey" : "customValue"
}
處理已停用方法混合功能的訊息
根據預設，如果您將應用程式的應用程式委派程式類別指派給 UNUserNotificationCenter 和 Messaging 委派程式屬性，FCM 就會將應用程式委派程式類別進行調換，自動將 FCM 權杖與裝置的 APN 權杖建立關聯，並將收到通知的事件傳遞至 Analytics。如果您明確停用方法 swizzling，或是您正在建構 SwiftUI 應用程式，或是為任一委派程式使用個別的類別，就必須手動執行這兩項工作。
如要將 FCM 權杖與裝置 APN 權杖建立關聯，請透過 apnsToken 屬性，將 APN 權杖傳遞至應用程式委派作業的權杖重新整理處理程序中的 Messaging 類別。
Swift
func application(_ application: UIApplication,
didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken;
}
Objective-C
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken {
[FIRMessaging messaging].APNSToken = deviceToken;
}
如要將通知收據資訊傳遞至 Analytics，請使用 appDidReceiveMessage(_:) 方法。
Swift
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
willPresent notification: UNNotification,
withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
let userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo
Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
// Change this to your preferred presentation option
completionHandler([[.alert, .sound]])
}
func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter,
didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse,
withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
let userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo
Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
completionHandler()
}
func application(_ application: UIApplication,
didReceiveRemoteNotification userInfo: [AnyHashable : Any],
fetchCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UIBackgroundFetchResult) -> Void) {
Messaging.messaging().appDidReceiveMessage(userInfo)
completionHandler(.noData)
}
Objective-C
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
willPresentNotification:(UNNotification *)notification
withCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationPresentationOptions))completionHandler {
NSDictionary *userInfo = notification.request.content.userInfo;
[[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
// Change this to your preferred presentation option
completionHandler(UNNotificationPresentationOptionBadge | UNNotificationPresentationOptionAlert);
}
- (void)userNotificationCenter:(UNUserNotificationCenter *)center
didReceiveNotificationResponse:(UNNotificationResponse *)response
withCompletionHandler:(void(^)(void))completionHandler {
NSDictionary *userInfo = response.notification.request.content.userInfo;
[[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
completionHandler();
}
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application
didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult result))completionHandler {
[[FIRMessaging messaging] appDidReceiveMessage:userInfo];
completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNoData);
}