Cloud Firestore proporciona una potente funcionalidad de consulta para especificar qué documentos desea recuperar de una colección o grupo de colecciones. Estas consultas también se pueden usar con get()
o addSnapshotListener()
, como se describe en Obtener datos y obtener actualizaciones en tiempo real .
Datos de ejemplo
Para comenzar, escriba algunos datos sobre las ciudades para que podamos ver diferentes formas de leerlos:
Web modular API
import { collection, doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; const citiesRef = collection(db, "cities"); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "SF"), { name: "San Francisco", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 860000, regions: ["west_coast", "norcal"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "LA"), { name: "Los Angeles", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 3900000, regions: ["west_coast", "socal"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "DC"), { name: "Washington, D.C.", state: null, country: "USA", capital: true, population: 680000, regions: ["east_coast"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "TOK"), { name: "Tokyo", state: null, country: "Japan", capital: true, population: 9000000, regions: ["kanto", "honshu"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "BJ"), { name: "Beijing", state: null, country: "China", capital: true, population: 21500000, regions: ["jingjinji", "hebei"] });
Web namespaced API
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef.doc("SF").set({ name: "San Francisco", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 860000, regions: ["west_coast", "norcal"] }); citiesRef.doc("LA").set({ name: "Los Angeles", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 3900000, regions: ["west_coast", "socal"] }); citiesRef.doc("DC").set({ name: "Washington, D.C.", state: null, country: "USA", capital: true, population: 680000, regions: ["east_coast"] }); citiesRef.doc("TOK").set({ name: "Tokyo", state: null, country: "Japan", capital: true, population: 9000000, regions: ["kanto", "honshu"] }); citiesRef.doc("BJ").set({ name: "Beijing", state: null, country: "China", capital: true, population: 21500000, regions: ["jingjinji", "hebei"] });
Rápido
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.document("SF").setData([ "name": "San Francisco", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 860000, "regions": ["west_coast", "norcal"] ]) citiesRef.document("LA").setData([ "name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 3900000, "regions": ["west_coast", "socal"] ]) citiesRef.document("DC").setData([ "name": "Washington D.C.", "country": "USA", "capital": true, "population": 680000, "regions": ["east_coast"] ]) citiesRef.document("TOK").setData([ "name": "Tokyo", "country": "Japan", "capital": true, "population": 9000000, "regions": ["kanto", "honshu"] ]) citiesRef.document("BJ").setData([ "name": "Beijing", "country": "China", "capital": true, "population": 21500000, "regions": ["jingjinji", "hebei"] ])
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"SF"] setData:@{ @"name": @"San Francisco", @"state": @"CA", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(NO), @"population": @860000, @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"norcal"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"LA"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Los Angeles", @"state": @"CA", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(NO), @"population": @3900000, @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"socal"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"DC"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Washington D.C.", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @680000, @"regions": @[@"east_coast"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"TOK"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Tokyo", @"country": @"Japan", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @9000000, @"regions": @[@"kanto", @"honshu"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"BJ"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Beijing", @"country": @"China", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @21500000, @"regions": @[@"jingjinji", @"hebei"] }];
Kotlin+KTX
val cities = db.collection("cities") val data1 = hashMapOf( "name" to "San Francisco", "state" to "CA", "country" to "USA", "capital" to false, "population" to 860000, "regions" to listOf("west_coast", "norcal"), ) cities.document("SF").set(data1) val data2 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Los Angeles", "state" to "CA", "country" to "USA", "capital" to false, "population" to 3900000, "regions" to listOf("west_coast", "socal"), ) cities.document("LA").set(data2) val data3 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Washington D.C.", "state" to null, "country" to "USA", "capital" to true, "population" to 680000, "regions" to listOf("east_coast"), ) cities.document("DC").set(data3) val data4 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Tokyo", "state" to null, "country" to "Japan", "capital" to true, "population" to 9000000, "regions" to listOf("kanto", "honshu"), ) cities.document("TOK").set(data4) val data5 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Beijing", "state" to null, "country" to "China", "capital" to true, "population" to 21500000, "regions" to listOf("jingjinji", "hebei"), ) cities.document("BJ").set(data5)
Java
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities"); Map<String, Object> data1 = new HashMap<>(); data1.put("name", "San Francisco"); data1.put("state", "CA"); data1.put("country", "USA"); data1.put("capital", false); data1.put("population", 860000); data1.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "norcal")); cities.document("SF").set(data1); Map<String, Object> data2 = new HashMap<>(); data2.put("name", "Los Angeles"); data2.put("state", "CA"); data2.put("country", "USA"); data2.put("capital", false); data2.put("population", 3900000); data2.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal")); cities.document("LA").set(data2); Map<String, Object> data3 = new HashMap<>(); data3.put("name", "Washington D.C."); data3.put("state", null); data3.put("country", "USA"); data3.put("capital", true); data3.put("population", 680000); data3.put("regions", Arrays.asList("east_coast")); cities.document("DC").set(data3); Map<String, Object> data4 = new HashMap<>(); data4.put("name", "Tokyo"); data4.put("state", null); data4.put("country", "Japan"); data4.put("capital", true); data4.put("population", 9000000); data4.put("regions", Arrays.asList("kanto", "honshu")); cities.document("TOK").set(data4); Map<String, Object> data5 = new HashMap<>(); data5.put("name", "Beijing"); data5.put("state", null); data5.put("country", "China"); data5.put("capital", true); data5.put("population", 21500000); data5.put("regions", Arrays.asList("jingjinji", "hebei")); cities.document("BJ").set(data5);
Dart
final cities = db.collection("cities"); final data1 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "San Francisco", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 860000, "regions": ["west_coast", "norcal"] }; cities.doc("SF").set(data1); final data2 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 3900000, "regions": ["west_coast", "socal"], }; cities.doc("LA").set(data2); final data3 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Washington D.C.", "state": null, "country": "USA", "capital": true, "population": 680000, "regions": ["east_coast"] }; cities.doc("DC").set(data3); final data4 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Tokyo", "state": null, "country": "Japan", "capital": true, "population": 9000000, "regions": ["kanto", "honshu"] }; cities.doc("TOK").set(data4); final data5 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Beijing", "state": null, "country": "China", "capital": true, "population": 21500000, "regions": ["jingjinji", "hebei"], }; cities.doc("BJ").set(data5);
Java
Pitón
class City: def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0, regions=[]): self.name = name self.state = state self.country = country self.capital = capital self.population = population self.regions = regions @staticmethod def from_dict(source): # ... def to_dict(self): # ... def __repr__(self): return f"City(\ name={self.name}, \ country={self.country}, \ population={self.population}, \ capital={self.capital}, \ regions={self.regions}\ )"
cities_ref = db.collection("cities") cities_ref.document("BJ").set( City("Beijing", None, "China", True, 21500000, ["hebei"]).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("SF").set( City( "San Francisco", "CA", "USA", False, 860000, ["west_coast", "norcal"] ).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("LA").set( City( "Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", False, 3900000, ["west_coast", "socal"] ).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("DC").set( City("Washington D.C.", None, "USA", True, 680000, ["east_coast"]).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("TOK").set( City("Tokyo", None, "Japan", True, 9000000, ["kanto", "honshu"]).to_dict() )
Python
class City: def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0, regions=[]): self.name = name self.state = state self.country = country self.capital = capital self.population = population self.regions = regions @staticmethod def from_dict(source): # ... def to_dict(self): # ... def __repr__(self): return f"City(\ name={self.name}, \ country={self.country}, \ population={self.population}, \ capital={self.capital}, \ regions={self.regions}\ )"
cities_ref = db.collection("cities") await cities_ref.document("BJ").set( City("Beijing", None, "China", True, 21500000, ["hebei"]).to_dict() ) await cities_ref.document("SF").set( City( "San Francisco", "CA", "USA", False, 860000, ["west_coast", "norcal"] ).to_dict() ) await cities_ref.document("LA").set( City( "Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", False, 3900000, ["west_coast", "socal"] ).to_dict() ) await cities_ref.document("DC").set( City("Washington D.C.", None, "USA", True, 680000, ["east_coast"]).to_dict() ) await cities_ref.document("TOK").set( City("Tokyo", None, "Japan", True, 9000000, ["kanto", "honshu"]).to_dict() )
C++
CollectionReference cities = db->Collection("cities"); cities.Document("SF").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("San Francisco")}, {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(false)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(860000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("norcal")})}, }); cities.Document("LA").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Los Angeles")}, {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(false)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(3900000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("socal")})}, }); cities.Document("DC").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Washington D.C.")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(680000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("east_coast")})}, }); cities.Document("TOK").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Tokyo")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("Japan")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(9000000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("kanto"), FieldValue::String("honshu")})}, }); cities.Document("BJ").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Beijing")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("China")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(21500000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("jingjinji"), FieldValue::String("hebei")})}, });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); citiesRef.Document("SF").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "San Francisco" }, { "State", "CA" }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", false }, { "Population", 860000 }, { "Regions", new ArrayList{"west_coast", "norcal"} } }); citiesRef.Document("LA").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Los Angeles" }, { "State", "CA" }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", false }, { "Population", 3900000 }, { "Regions", new ArrayList{"west_coast", "socal"} } }); citiesRef.Document("DC").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Washington D.C." }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 680000 }, { "Regions", new ArrayList{"east_coast"} } }); citiesRef.Document("TOK").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Tokyo" }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "Japan" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 9000000 }, { "Regions", new ArrayList{"kanto", "honshu"} } }); citiesRef.Document("BJ").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Beijing" }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "China" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 21500000 }, { "Regions", new ArrayList{"jingjinji", "hebei"} } });
C#
Rubí
consultas simples
La siguiente consulta devuelve todas las ciudades con estado CA
:
Web modular API
// Create a reference to the cities collection import { collection, query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const citiesRef = collection(db, "cities"); // Create a query against the collection. const q = query(citiesRef, where("state", "==", "CA"));
Web namespaced API
// Create a reference to the cities collection var citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); // Create a query against the collection. var query = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA");
Rápido
// Create a reference to the cities collection let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") // Create a query against the collection. let query = citiesRef.whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA")
C objetivo
// Create a reference to the cities collection FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; // Create a query against the collection. FIRQuery *query = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"];
Kotlin+KTX
// Create a reference to the cities collection val citiesRef = db.collection("cities") // Create a query against the collection. val query = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
Java
// Create a reference to the cities collection CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); // Create a query against the collection. Query query = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA");
Dart
// Create a reference to the cities collection final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); // Create a query against the collection. final query = citiesRef.where("state", isEqualTo: "CA");
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
CollectionReference cities_ref = db->Collection("cities"); // Create a query against the collection. Query query_ca = cities_ref.WhereEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA"));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); Query query = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("State", "CA"); query.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread((querySnapshotTask) => { foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshotTask.Result.Documents) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document {0} returned by query State=CA", documentSnapshot.Id)); } });
C#
Rubí
La siguiente consulta devuelve todas las capitales:
Web modular API
import { collection, query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const citiesRef = collection(db, "cities"); const q = query(citiesRef, where("capital", "==", true));
Web namespaced API
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); var query = citiesRef.where("capital", "==", true);
Rápido
let capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereField("capital", isEqualTo: true)
C objetivo
FIRQuery *capitalCities = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] queryWhereField:@"capital" isEqualTo:@YES];
Kotlin+KTX
val capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereEqualTo("capital", true)
Java
Query capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereEqualTo("capital", true);
Dart
final capitalcities = db.collection("cities").where("capital", isEqualTo: true);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
Query capital_cities = db->Collection("cities").WhereEqualTo( "capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); Query query = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("Capital", true); query.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread((querySnapshotTask) => { foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshotTask.Result.Documents) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document {0} returned by query Capital=true", documentSnapshot.Id)); } });
C#
Rubí
Ejecutar una consulta
Después de crear un objeto de consulta, use la función get()
para recuperar los resultados:
Web modular API
import { collection, query, where, getDocs } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(collection(db, "cities"), where("capital", "==", true)); const querySnapshot = await getDocs(q); querySnapshot.forEach((doc) => { // doc.data() is never undefined for query doc snapshots console.log(doc.id, " => ", doc.data()); });
Web namespaced API
db.collection("cities").where("capital", "==", true) .get() .then((querySnapshot) => { querySnapshot.forEach((doc) => { // doc.data() is never undefined for query doc snapshots console.log(doc.id, " => ", doc.data()); }); }) .catch((error) => { console.log("Error getting documents: ", error); });
Rápido
do { let querySnapshot = try await db.collection("cities").whereField("capital", isEqualTo: true) .getDocuments() for document in querySnapshot.documents { print("\(document.documentID) => \(document.data())") } } catch { print("Error getting documents: \(error)") }
C objetivo
[[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] queryWhereField:@"capital" isEqualTo:@(YES)] getDocumentsWithCompletion:^(FIRQuerySnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) { if (error != nil) { NSLog(@"Error getting documents: %@", error); } else { for (FIRDocumentSnapshot *document in snapshot.documents) { NSLog(@"%@ => %@", document.documentID, document.data); } } }];
Kotlin+KTX
db.collection("cities") .whereEqualTo("capital", true) .get() .addOnSuccessListener { documents -> for (document in documents) { Log.d(TAG, "${document.id} => ${document.data}") } } .addOnFailureListener { exception -> Log.w(TAG, "Error getting documents: ", exception) }
Java
db.collection("cities") .whereEqualTo("capital", true) .get() .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<QuerySnapshot>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<QuerySnapshot> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { for (QueryDocumentSnapshot document : task.getResult()) { Log.d(TAG, document.getId() + " => " + document.getData()); } } else { Log.d(TAG, "Error getting documents: ", task.getException()); } } });
Dart
db.collection("cities").where("capital", isEqualTo: true).get().then( (querySnapshot) { print("Successfully completed"); for (var docSnapshot in querySnapshot.docs) { print('${docSnapshot.id} => ${docSnapshot.data()}'); } }, onError: (e) => print("Error completing: $e"), );
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
db->Collection("cities") .WhereEqualTo("capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)) .Get() .OnCompletion([](const Future<QuerySnapshot>& future) { if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) { for (const DocumentSnapshot& document : future.result()->documents()) { std::cout << document << std::endl; } } else { std::cout << "Error getting documents: " << future.error_message() << std::endl; } });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
PHP
Para obtener más información sobre cómo instalar y crear un cliente de Cloud Firestore, consulte Bibliotecas de clientes de Cloud Firestore .
Unidad
Query capitalQuery = db.Collection("cities").WhereEqualTo("Capital", true); capitalQuery.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => { QuerySnapshot capitalQuerySnapshot = task.Result; foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in capitalQuerySnapshot.Documents) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document data for {0} document:", documentSnapshot.Id)); Dictionary<string, object> city = documentSnapshot.ToDictionary(); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> pair in city) { Debug.Log(String.Format("{0}: {1}", pair.Key, pair.Value)); } // Newline to separate entries Debug.Log(""); }; });
C#
Rubí
Consulte Obtener datos para obtener más información sobre cómo recuperar resultados de consultas. También puede agregar un oyente a una consulta para obtener los resultados actuales y escuchar actualizaciones futuras.
Operadores de consulta
El método where()
toma tres parámetros: un campo para filtrar, un operador de comparación y un valor. Cloud Firestore admite los siguientes operadores de comparación:
-
<
menos que -
<=
menor o igual a -
==
igual a -
>
mayor que -
>=
mayor o igual a -
!=
no igual a -
array-contains
-
array-contains-any
-
in
-
not-in
Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
const stateQuery = query(citiesRef, where("state", "==", "CA")); const populationQuery = query(citiesRef, where("population", "<", 100000)); const nameQuery = query(citiesRef, where("name", ">=", "San Francisco"));
Web namespaced API
const stateQuery = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA"); const populationQuery = citiesRef.where("population", "<", 100000); const nameQuery = citiesRef.where("name", ">=", "San Francisco");
Rápido
let stateQuery = citiesRef.whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA") let populationQuery = citiesRef.whereField("population", isLessThan: 100000) let nameQuery = citiesRef.whereField("name", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "San Francisco")
C objetivo
FIRQuery *stateQuery = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"]; FIRQuery *populationQuery = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"population" isLessThan:@100000]; FIRQuery *nameQuery = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"name" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"San Francisco"];
Kotlin+KTX
val stateQuery = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA") val populationQuery = citiesRef.whereLessThan("population", 100000) val nameQuery = citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", "San Francisco")
Java
Query stateQuery = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA"); Query populationQuery = citiesRef.whereLessThan("population", 100000); Query nameQuery = citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", "San Francisco");
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final stateQuery = citiesRef.where("state", isEqualTo: "CA"); final populationQuery = citiesRef.where("population", isLessThan: 100000); final nameQuery = citiesRef.where("name", isEqualTo: "San Francisco");
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
cities_ref.WhereEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA")); cities_ref.WhereLessThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(100000)); cities_ref.WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", FieldValue::String("San Francisco"));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query stateQuery = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("State", "CA"); Query populationQuery = citiesRef.WhereGreaterThan("Population", 1000000); Query nameQuery = citiesRef.WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("Name", "San Francisco");
C#
Rubí
No igual ( !=
)
Utilice el operador no igual ( !=
) para devolver documentos donde el campo dado existe y no coincide con el valor de comparación. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
const notCapitalQuery = query(citiesRef, where("capital", "!=", false));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where("capital", "!=", false);
Rápido
let notEqualQuery = citiesRef.whereField("capital", isNotEqualTo: false)
C objetivo
query = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"capital" isNotEqualTo:@NO];
Kotlin+KTX
val notCapitalQuery = citiesRef.whereNotEqualTo("capital", false)
Java
Query notCapitalQuery = citiesRef.whereNotEqualTo("capital", false);
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final notCapitals = citiesRef.where("capital", isNotEqualTo: true);
Java
Pitón
// Snippet not yet available
C++
cities_ref.WhereNotEqualTo("capital", FieldValue::Boolean(false));
Nodo.js
Ir
// Snippet not yet available
PHP
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.WhereNotEqualTo("capital", false); Query query = citiesRef.WhereNotEqualTo("capital", false);
C#
// Snippet not yet available
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve todos los documentos city
donde existe el campo capital
con un valor distinto de false
o null
. Esto incluye documentos city
donde el valor del campo capital
es igual a true
o cualquier valor no booleano además de null
.
Esta consulta no devuelve documentos city
donde el campo capital
no existe. Las consultas no iguales ( !=
) y not-in
excluyen documentos donde el campo dado no existe .
Un campo existe cuando se establece en cualquier valor, incluida una cadena vacía ( ""
), null
y NaN
(no un número). Tenga en cuenta que los valores de los campos null
no coinciden con las cláusulas !=
, porque x != null
se evalúa como undefined
.
Limitaciones
Tenga en cuenta las siguientes limitaciones para consultas !=
:
- Sólo los documentos donde existe el campo dado pueden coincidir con la consulta.
- No puede combinar
not-in
y!=
en una consulta compuesta. - En una consulta compuesta, las comparaciones de rango (
<
,<=
,>
,>=
) y no iguales (!=
,not-in
) deben filtrarse en el mismo campo.
Membresía de matriz
Puede utilizar el operador array-contains
para filtrar según los valores de la matriz. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where("regions", "array-contains", "west_coast"));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where("regions", "array-contains", "west_coast");
Rápido
citiesRef .whereField("regions", arrayContains: "west_coast")
C objetivo
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" arrayContains:@"west_coast"];
Kotlin+KTX
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.whereArrayContains("regions", "west_coast")
Java
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef.whereArrayContains("regions", "west_coast");
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final westCoastcities = citiesRef.where("regions", arrayContains: "west_coast");
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
CollectionReference cities_ref = db->Collection("cities"); cities_ref.WhereArrayContains("region", FieldValue::String("west_coast"));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); Query arrayContainsQuery = citiesRef.WhereArrayContains("region", "west_coast");
C#
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve todos los documentos city
donde el campo regions
es una matriz que contiene west_coast
. Si la matriz tiene varias instancias del valor que consulta, el documento se incluye en los resultados solo una vez.
Puede utilizar como máximo una array-contains
matriz por disyunción ( or
grupo). No puede combinar array-contains
con array-contains-any
en la misma disyunción.
in
, not-in
y array-contains-any
Utilice el operador in
para combinar hasta 30 cláusulas de igualdad ( ==
) en el mismo campo con un OR
lógico. Una in
devuelve documentos donde el campo dado coincide con cualquiera de los valores de comparación. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where('country', 'in', ['USA', 'Japan']));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where('country', 'in', ['USA', 'Japan']);
Rápido
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.whereField("country", in: ["USA", "Japan"])
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"country" in:@[@"USA", @"Japan"]];
Kotlin+KTX
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.whereIn("country", listOf("USA", "Japan"))
Java
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef.whereIn("country", Arrays.asList("USA", "Japan"));
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final cities = citiesRef.where("country", whereIn: ["USA", "Japan"]);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
CollectionReference cities_ref = db->Collection("cities"); cities_ref.WhereIn("country", std::vector<FieldValue> { FieldValue::String("USA"), FieldValue::String("Japan") });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); ListcountriesList = new List<object>() {"USA", "Japan"}; Query whereInQuery = citiesRef.WhereIn("country", countriesList);
C#
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve todos los documentos city
donde el campo country
está establecido en USA
o Japan
. Según los datos del ejemplo, esto incluye los documentos SF
, LA
, DC
y TOK
.
not-in
Utilice el operador not-in
para combinar hasta 10 cláusulas no iguales ( !=
) en el mismo campo con un AND
lógico. Una consulta not-in
devuelve documentos donde el campo dado existe, no es null
y no coincide con ninguno de los valores de comparación. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where('country', 'not-in', ['USA', 'Japan']));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where('country', 'not-in', ['USA', 'Japan']);
Rápido
citiesRef.whereField("country", notIn: ["USA", "Japan"])
C objetivo
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"country" notIn:@[@"USA", @"Japan"]];
Kotlin+KTX
citiesRef.whereNotIn("country", listOf("USA", "Japan"))
Java
citiesRef.whereNotIn("country", Arrays.asList("USA", "Japan"));
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final cities = citiesRef.where("country", whereNotIn: ["USA", "Japan"]);
Java
Pitón
// Snippet not yet available
C++
cities_ref.WhereNotIn("country", std::vector<FieldValue> { FieldValue::String("USA"), FieldValue::String("Japan") });
Nodo.js
Ir
// Snippet not yet available
PHP
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.WhereNotIn(new FieldPath("country"), new List<string>{"USA", "Japan"}); Query query = citiesRef.WhereNotIn("country", new List<object>(){"USA", "Japan"});
C#
// Snippet not yet available
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve todos los documentos city
donde existe el campo country
y no está establecido en USA
, Japan
o null
. Según los datos del ejemplo, esto incluye los documentos London
y Hong Kong
.
Las consultas not-in
excluyen documentos en los que el campo indicado no existe. Un campo existe cuando se establece en cualquier valor, incluida una cadena vacía ( ""
), null
y NaN
(no un número). Tenga en cuenta que x != null
se evalúa como undefined
. Una consulta not-in
con null
como uno de los valores de comparación no coincide con ningún documento.
array-contains-any
Utilice el operador array-contains-any
para combinar hasta 30 cláusulas array-contains
en el mismo campo con un OR
lógico. Una array-contains-any
devuelve documentos donde el campo dado es una matriz que contiene uno o más de los valores de comparación:
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where('regions', 'array-contains-any', ['west_coast', 'east_coast']));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where('regions', 'array-contains-any', ['west_coast', 'east_coast']);
Rápido
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.whereField("regions", arrayContainsAny: ["west_coast", "east_coast"])
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"regions" arrayContainsAny:@[@"west_coast", @"east_coast"]];
Kotlin+KTX
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.whereArrayContainsAny("regions", listOf("west_coast", "east_coast"))
Java
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef.whereArrayContainsAny("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "east_coast"));
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final cities = citiesRef .where("regions", arrayContainsAny: ["west_coast", "east_coast"]);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
CollectionReference cities_ref = db->Collection("cities"); cities_ref.WhereArrayContainsAny("region", std::vector<FieldValue> { FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("east_coast") });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.WhereArrayContainsAny( "regions", new List<object>() { new List<object>(){"west_coast"}, new List<object>(){"east_coast"}});
C#
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve todos los documentos de la ciudad donde el campo regions
es una matriz que contiene west_coast
o east_coast
. A partir de los datos de ejemplo, esto incluye los documentos SF
, LA
y DC
.
Los resultados de array-contains-any
se eliminan de los duplicados. Incluso si el campo de matriz de un documento coincide con más de uno de los valores de comparación, el conjunto de resultados incluye ese documento solo una vez.
array-contains-any
siempre filtra por el tipo de datos de la matriz. Por ejemplo, la consulta anterior no devolvería un documento de ciudad donde, en lugar de una matriz, el campo regions
sea la cadena west_coast
.
Puede utilizar un valor de matriz como valor de comparación para in
, pero a diferencia de array-contains-any
, la cláusula coincide exactamente con la longitud, el orden y los valores de la matriz. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where('regions', 'in', [['west_coast'], ['east_coast']]));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where('regions', 'in', [['west_coast'], ['east_coast']]);
Rápido
citiesRef.whereField("regions", in: [["west_coast"], ["east_coast"]])
C objetivo
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"regions" in:@[@[@"west_coast"], @[@"east_coast"]]];
Kotlin+KTX
citiesRef.whereIn("regions", listOf(arrayOf("west_coast"), arrayOf("east_coast")))
Java
citiesRef.whereIn("regions", Arrays.asList(new String[]{"west_coast"}, new String[]{"east_coast"}));
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final cities = citiesRef.where("regions", whereIn: [ ["west_coast"], ["east_coast"] ]);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
cities_ref.WhereIn("region", std::vector<FieldValue> { FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("east_coast") });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.WhereIn(new FieldPath("regions"), new List<string>{"west_coast", "east_coast"});
C#
Rubí
Esta consulta devuelve cada documento de ciudad donde el campo regions
es una matriz que contiene exactamente un elemento de west_coast
o east_coast
. A partir de los datos del ejemplo, solo el documento DC
califica con su campo regions
de ["east_coast"]
. El documento SF
, sin embargo, no coincide porque su campo regions
es ["west_coast", "norcal"]
.
Limitaciones
Tenga en cuenta las siguientes limitaciones para in
, not-in
y array-contains-any
:
- Cloud Firestore brinda soporte para consultas
OR
lógicas a través de los operadoresor
,in
yarray-contains-any
. Estas consultas están limitadas a 30 disyunciones basadas en la forma normal disyuntiva de la consulta . - Puede utilizar como máximo una
array-contains
matriz por disyunción (or
grupo). No puede combinararray-contains
conarray-contains-any
en la misma disyunción. - ¡No puedes combinar
not-in
con no iguales!=
. -
not-in
admite hasta 10 valores de comparación.
Consultas compuestas ( AND
)
Puede combinar restricciones con un AND
lógico encadenando múltiples operadores de igualdad ( ==
o array-contains
). Sin embargo, debe crear un índice compuesto para combinar los operadores de igualdad con los operadores de desigualdad, <
, <=
, >
y !=
.
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q1 = query(citiesRef, where("state", "==", "CO"), where("name", "==", "Denver")); const q2 = query(citiesRef, where("state", "==", "CA"), where("population", "<", 1000000));
Web namespaced API
const q1 = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CO").where("name", "==", "Denver"); const q2 = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA").where("population", "<", 1000000);
Rápido
citiesRef .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CO") .whereField("name", isEqualTo: "Denver") citiesRef .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA") .whereField("population", isLessThan: 1000000)
C objetivo
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CO"] queryWhereField:@"name" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"Denver"]; [[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"] queryWhereField:@"population" isLessThan:@1000000];
Kotlin+KTX
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CO").whereEqualTo("name", "Denver") citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA").whereLessThan("population", 1000000)
Java
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CO").whereEqualTo("name", "Denver"); citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA").whereLessThan("population", 1000000);
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef .where("state", isEqualTo: "CO") .where("name", isEqualTo: "Denver"); citiesRef .where("state", isEqualTo: "CA") .where("population", isLessThan: 1000000);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
cities_ref.WhereEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CO")) .WhereEqualTo("name", FieldValue::String("Denver")); cities_ref.WhereEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA")) .WhereLessThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(1000000));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query chainedQuery = citiesRef .WhereEqualTo("State", "CA") .WhereEqualTo("Name", "San Francisco");
C#
Rubí
Puede realizar comparaciones de rango ( <
, <=
, >
, >=
) o no es igual ( !=
) solo en un solo campo, y puede incluir como máximo una cláusula array-contains
o array-contains-any
en una consulta compuesta :
Válido : filtros de rango en un solo campo
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q1 = query(citiesRef, where("state", ">=", "CA"), where("state", "<=", "IN")); const q2 = query(citiesRef, where("state", "==", "CA"), where("population", ">", 1000000));
Web namespaced API
const q1 = citiesRef.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("state", "<=", "IN"); const q2 = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA").where("population", ">", 1000000);
Rápido
citiesRef .whereField("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA") .whereField("state", isLessThanOrEqualTo: "IN") citiesRef .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA") .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000)
C objetivo
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"CA"] queryWhereField:@"state" isLessThanOrEqualTo:@"IN"]; [[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"] queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@1000000];
Kotlin+KTX
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA") .whereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", "IN") citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA") .whereGreaterThan("population", 1000000)
Java
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA") .whereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", "IN"); citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA") .whereGreaterThan("population", 1000000);
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef .where("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA") .where("state", isLessThanOrEqualTo: "IN"); citiesRef .where("state", isEqualTo: "CA") .where("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
cities_ref.WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA")) .WhereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("IN")); cities_ref.WhereEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA")) .WhereGreaterThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(1000000));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query rangeQuery = citiesRef .WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("State", "CA") .WhereLessThanOrEqualTo("State", "IN");
C#
Rubí
No válido : filtros de rango en diferentes campos
Web modular API
import { query, where } from "firebase/firestore"; const q = query(citiesRef, where("state", ">=", "CA"), where("population", ">", 100000));
Web namespaced API
citiesRef.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("population", ">", 100000);
Rápido
citiesRef .whereField("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA") .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000)
C objetivo
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"CA"] queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@1000000];
Kotlin+KTX
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA") .whereGreaterThan("population", 100000)
Java
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA").whereGreaterThan("population", 100000);
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef .where("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA") .where("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
// BAD EXAMPLE -- will crash the program: cities_ref.WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", FieldValue::String("CA")) .WhereGreaterThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(100000));
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query invalidRangeQuery = citiesRef .WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("State", "CA") .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 1000000);
C#
Rubí
OR
consultas
Puede combinar restricciones con un OR
lógico. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
const q = query(citiesRef, or(where('capital', '==', true), where('population', '>=', 1000000) ) );
Web namespaced API
No disponible.
Rápido
let query = db.collection("cities").whereFilter(Filter.orFilter([ Filter.whereField("capital", isEqualTo: true), Filter.whereField("population", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: 1000000); ]))
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *collection = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; FIRQuery *query = [collection queryWhereFilter:[FIRFilter orFilterWithFilters:@[ [FIRFilter filterWhereField:@"capital" isEqualTo:@YES], [FIRFilter filterWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@1000000] ]]];
Kotlin+KTX
val query = collection.where(Filter.or( Filter.equalTo("capital", true), Filter.greaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) ))
Java
Query query = collection.where(Filter.or( Filter.equalTo("capital", true), Filter.greaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) ));
Dart
var query = db.collection("cities") .where( Filter.or( Filter("capital", isEqualTo: true), Filter("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000) ));
Java
Fragmento no disponible.
Pitón
Python
Fragmento no disponible.
C++
Fragmento no disponible.
Nodo.js
const bigCities = await citiesRef .where( Filter.or( Filter.where('capital', '==', true), Filter.where('population', '>=', 1000000) ) ) .get();
Ir
PHP
Fragmento no disponible.
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.Where(Filter.Or( Filter.EqualTo("State", "CA"), Filter.GreaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) )); query.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread((querySnapshotTask) => { foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshotTask.Result.Documents) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document {0} returned by query State=CA or population >= {1}", documentSnapshot.Id, 1000000)); } });
C#
Fragmento no disponible.
Rubí
Fragmento no disponible.
Cloud Firestore utiliza sus índices compuestos para atender consultas OR
. Si sus índices no admiten la consulta, Cloud Firestore sugiere índices adicionales para su base de datos .
Puede combinar consultas OR
con consultas compuestas para filtrar combinaciones de operaciones OR
y AND
. Por ejemplo:
Web modular API
const q = query(collection(db, "cities"), and( where('state', '==', 'CA'), or( where('capital', '==', true), where('population', '>=', 1000000) ) ));
Web namespaced API
No disponible.
Rápido
let query = db.collection("cities").whereFilter(Filter.andFilter([ Filter.whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA"), Filter.orFilter([ Filter.whereField("capital", isEqualTo: true), Filter.whereField("population", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: 1000000); ]) ]))
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *collection = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; FIRQuery *query = [collection queryWhereFilter:[FIRFilter andFilterWithFilters:@[ [FIRFilter filterWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"], [FIRFilter orFilterWithFilters:@[ [FIRFilter filterWhereField:@"capital" isEqualTo:@YES], [FIRFilter filterWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@1000000] ]] ]]];
Kotlin+KTX
val query = collection.where(Filter.and( Filter.equalTo("state", "CA"), Filter.or( Filter.equalTo("capital", true), Filter.greaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) ) ))
Java
Query query = collection.where(Filter.and( Filter.equalTo("state", "CA"), Filter.or( Filter.equalTo("capital", true), Filter.greaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) ) ));
Dart
var query = db.collection("cities") .where( Filter.and( Filter("state", isEqualTo: "CA"), Filter.or( Filter("capital", isEqualTo: true), Filter("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000) )));
Java
Fragmento no disponible.
Pitón
Fragmento no disponible.
Python
Fragmento no disponible.
C++
Fragmento no disponible.
Nodo.js
const bigCitiesInCalifornia = await citiesRef .where('state', '==', 'CA') .where( Filter.or( Filter.where('capital', '==', true), Filter.where('population', '>=', 1000000) ) ) .get();
Ir
Fragmento no disponible.
PHP
Fragmento no disponible.
Unidad
Query query = citiesRef.Where(Filter.And( Filter.EqualTo("state", "CA"), Filter.Or( Filter.EqualTo("capital", true), Filter.GreaterThanOrEqualTo("population", 1000000) ) ));
C#
Fragmento no disponible.
Rubí
Fragmento no disponible.
Limitaciones
Tenga en cuenta las siguientes limitaciones para consultas or
:
- Cloud Firestore limita una consulta a un máximo de 30 disyunciones según la forma normal disyuntiva de la consulta . Es más probable que alcance este límite al realizar un
AND
de varios gruposOR
. - No puede combinar
not-in
conin
,array-contains-any
oor
en la misma consulta.
Para obtener una descripción completa de las limitaciones, consulte Limitaciones de consultas .
Consultas de grupos de colección
Un grupo de colecciones consta de todas las colecciones con el mismo ID. De forma predeterminada, las consultas recuperan resultados de una única colección en su base de datos. Utilice una consulta de grupo de colecciones para recuperar documentos de un grupo de colecciones en lugar de de una única colección.
Por ejemplo, puedes crear un grupo de colección landmarks
agregando una subcolección de puntos de referencia a cada ciudad:
Web modular API
import { collection, addDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; const citiesRef = collection(db, 'cities'); await Promise.all([ addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'SF', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Golden Gate Bridge', type: 'bridge' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'SF', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Legion of Honor', type: 'museum' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'LA', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Griffith Park', type: 'park' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'LA', 'landmarks'), { name: 'The Getty', type: 'museum' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'DC', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Lincoln Memorial', type: 'memorial' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'DC', 'landmarks'), { name: 'National Air and Space Museum', type: 'museum' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'TOK', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Ueno Park', type: 'park' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'TOK', 'landmarks'), { name: 'National Museum of Nature and Science', type: 'museum' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'BJ', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Jingshan Park', type: 'park' }), addDoc(collection(citiesRef, 'BJ', 'landmarks'), { name: 'Beijing Ancient Observatory', type: 'museum' }) ]);
Web namespaced API
var citiesRef = db.collection('cities'); var landmarks = Promise.all([ citiesRef.doc('SF').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Golden Gate Bridge', type: 'bridge' }), citiesRef.doc('SF').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Legion of Honor', type: 'museum' }), citiesRef.doc('LA').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Griffith Park', type: 'park' }), citiesRef.doc('LA').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'The Getty', type: 'museum' }), citiesRef.doc('DC').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Lincoln Memorial', type: 'memorial' }), citiesRef.doc('DC').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'National Air and Space Museum', type: 'museum' }), citiesRef.doc('TOK').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Ueno Park', type: 'park' }), citiesRef.doc('TOK').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'National Museum of Nature and Science', type: 'museum' }), citiesRef.doc('BJ').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Jingshan Park', type: 'park' }), citiesRef.doc('BJ').collection('landmarks').doc().set({ name: 'Beijing Ancient Observatory', type: 'museum' }) ]);
Rápido
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") var data = ["name": "Golden Gate Bridge", "type": "bridge"] citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Legion of Honor", "type": "museum"] citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Griffith Park", "type": "park"] citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "The Getty", "type": "museum"] citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Lincoln Memorial", "type": "memorial"] citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "National Air and Space Museum", "type": "museum"] citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Ueno Park", "type": "park"] citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "National Museum of Nature and Science", "type": "museum"] citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Jingshan Park", "type": "park"] citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data) data = ["name": "Beijing Ancient Observatory", "type": "museum"] citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").addDocument(data: data)
C objetivo
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; NSDictionary *data = @{@"name": @"Golden Gate Bridge", @"type": @"bridge"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"SF"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Legion of Honor", @"type": @"museum"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"SF"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Griffith Park", @"type": @"park"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"LA"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"The Getty", @"type": @"museum"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"LA"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Lincoln Memorial", @"type": @"memorial"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"DC"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"National Air and Space Museum", @"type": @"museum"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"DC"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Ueno Park", @"type": @"park"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"TOK"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"National Museum of Nature and Science", @"type": @"museum"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"TOK"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Jingshan Park", @"type": @"park"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"BJ"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data]; data = @{@"name": @"Beijing Ancient Observatory", @"type": @"museum"}; [[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"BJ"] collectionWithPath:@"landmarks"] addDocumentWithData:data];
Kotlin+KTX
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities") val ggbData = mapOf( "name" to "Golden Gate Bridge", "type" to "bridge", ) citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").add(ggbData) val lohData = mapOf( "name" to "Legion of Honor", "type" to "museum", ) citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").add(lohData) val gpData = mapOf( "name" to "Griffth Park", "type" to "park", ) citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").add(gpData) val tgData = mapOf( "name" to "The Getty", "type" to "museum", ) citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").add(tgData) val lmData = mapOf( "name" to "Lincoln Memorial", "type" to "memorial", ) citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").add(lmData) val nasaData = mapOf( "name" to "National Air and Space Museum", "type" to "museum", ) citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").add(nasaData) val upData = mapOf( "name" to "Ueno Park", "type" to "park", ) citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(upData) val nmData = mapOf( "name" to "National Musuem of Nature and Science", "type" to "museum", ) citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(nmData) val jpData = mapOf( "name" to "Jingshan Park", "type" to "park", ) citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(jpData) val baoData = mapOf( "name" to "Beijing Ancient Observatory", "type" to "musuem", ) citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(baoData)
Java
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); Map<String, Object> ggbData = new HashMap<>(); ggbData.put("name", "Golden Gate Bridge"); ggbData.put("type", "bridge"); citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").add(ggbData); Map<String, Object> lohData = new HashMap<>(); lohData.put("name", "Legion of Honor"); lohData.put("type", "museum"); citiesRef.document("SF").collection("landmarks").add(lohData); Map<String, Object> gpData = new HashMap<>(); gpData.put("name", "Griffith Park"); gpData.put("type", "park"); citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").add(gpData); Map<String, Object> tgData = new HashMap<>(); tgData.put("name", "The Getty"); tgData.put("type", "museum"); citiesRef.document("LA").collection("landmarks").add(tgData); Map<String, Object> lmData = new HashMap<>(); lmData.put("name", "Lincoln Memorial"); lmData.put("type", "memorial"); citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").add(lmData); Map<String, Object> nasaData = new HashMap<>(); nasaData.put("name", "National Air and Space Museum"); nasaData.put("type", "museum"); citiesRef.document("DC").collection("landmarks").add(nasaData); Map<String, Object> upData = new HashMap<>(); upData.put("name", "Ueno Park"); upData.put("type", "park"); citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(upData); Map<String, Object> nmData = new HashMap<>(); nmData.put("name", "National Museum of Nature and Science"); nmData.put("type", "museum"); citiesRef.document("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(nmData); Map<String, Object> jpData = new HashMap<>(); jpData.put("name", "Jingshan Park"); jpData.put("type", "park"); citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(jpData); Map<String, Object> baoData = new HashMap<>(); baoData.put("name", "Beijing Ancient Observatory"); baoData.put("type", "museum"); citiesRef.document("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(baoData);
Dart
final citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); final ggbData = {"name": "Golden Gate Bridge", "type": "bridge"}; citiesRef.doc("SF").collection("landmarks").add(ggbData); final lohData = {"name": "Legion of Honor", "type": "museum"}; citiesRef.doc("SF").collection("landmarks").add(lohData); final gpData = {"name": "Griffth Park", "type": "park"}; citiesRef.doc("LA").collection("landmarks").add(gpData); final tgData = {"name": "The Getty", "type": "museum"}; citiesRef.doc("LA").collection("landmarks").add(tgData); final lmData = {"name": "Lincoln Memorial", "type": "memorial"}; citiesRef.doc("DC").collection("landmarks").add(lmData); final nasaData = { "name": "National Air and Space Museum", "type": "museum" }; citiesRef.doc("DC").collection("landmarks").add(nasaData); final upData = {"name": "Ueno Park", "type": "park"}; citiesRef.doc("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(upData); final nmData = { "name": "National Musuem of Nature and Science", "type": "museum" }; citiesRef.doc("TOK").collection("landmarks").add(nmData); final jpData = {"name": "Jingshan Park", "type": "park"}; citiesRef.doc("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(jpData); final baoData = {"name": "Beijing Ancient Observatory", "type": "musuem"}; citiesRef.doc("BJ").collection("landmarks").add(baoData);
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
// Get a new write batch WriteBatch batch = db->batch(); DocumentReference sf_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("SF"); batch.Set(sf_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Golden Gate Bridge")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("bridge")}}); batch.Set(sf_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Legion of Honor")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("museum")}}); DocumentReference la_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("LA"); batch.Set(la_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Griffith Park")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("park")}}); batch.Set(la_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("The Getty")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("museum")}}); DocumentReference dc_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("DC"); batch.Set(dc_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Lincoln Memorial")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("memorial")}}); batch.Set(dc_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("National Air and Space Museum")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("museum")}}); DocumentReference tok_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("TOK"); batch.Set(tok_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Ueno Park")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("park")}}); batch.Set(tok_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("National Museum of Nature and Science")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("museum")}}); DocumentReference bj_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("BJ"); batch.Set(bj_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Jingshan Park")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("park")}}); batch.Set(bj_ref,{{"name", FieldValue::String("Beijing Ancient Observatory")}, {"type", FieldValue::String("museum")}}); // Commit the batch batch.Commit().OnCompletion([](const Future<void>& future) { if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) { std::cout << "Write batch success!" << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Write batch failure: " << future.error_message() << std::endl; } });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
List<Task<DocumentReference>> futures = new List<Task<DocumentReference>>(){ citiesRef .Document("SF") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Golden Gate Bridge"}, {"type", "bridge"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("SF") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Legion of Honor"}, {"type", "museum"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("LA") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Griffith Park"}, {"type", "park"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("LA") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "The Getty"}, {"type", "museum"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("DC") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Lincoln Memorial"}, {"type", "memorial"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("DC") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "National Air and Space Museum"}, {"type", "museum"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("TOK") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Ueno Park"}, {"type", "park"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("TOK") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "National Museum of Nature and Science"}, {"type", "museum"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("BJ") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Jingshan Park"}, {"type", "park"}, } ), citiesRef .Document("BJ") .Collection("landmarks") .AddAsync( new Dictionary<string, object>() { {"name", "Beijing Ancient Observatory"}, {"type", "museum"}, } )}; DocumentReference[] landmarks = Task.WhenAll(futures).Result;
C#
Rubí
Podemos utilizar la consulta simple y compuesta descrita anteriormente para consultar la subcolección landmarks
de una sola ciudad, pero es posible que también desee recuperar los resultados de la subcolección de landmarks
de cada ciudad a la vez.
El grupo de colección de landmarks
consta de todas las colecciones con ID landmarks
y puede consultarlo mediante una consulta de grupo de colección. Por ejemplo, esta consulta de grupo de colecciones recupera todos los puntos de interés museum
en todas las ciudades:
Web modular API
import { collectionGroup, query, where, getDocs } from "firebase/firestore"; const museums = query(collectionGroup(db, 'landmarks'), where('type', '==', 'museum')); const querySnapshot = await getDocs(museums); querySnapshot.forEach((doc) => { console.log(doc.id, ' => ', doc.data()); });
Web namespaced API
var museums = db.collectionGroup('landmarks').where('type', '==', 'museum'); museums.get().then((querySnapshot) => { querySnapshot.forEach((doc) => { console.log(doc.id, ' => ', doc.data()); }); });
Rápido
db.collectionGroup("landmarks").whereField("type", isEqualTo: "museum").getDocuments { (snapshot, error) in // ... }
C objetivo
[[[self.db collectionGroupWithID:@"landmarks"] queryWhereField:@"type" isEqualTo:@"museum"] getDocumentsWithCompletion:^(FIRQuerySnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) { // ... }];
Kotlin+KTX
db.collectionGroup("landmarks").whereEqualTo("type", "museum").get() .addOnSuccessListener { queryDocumentSnapshots -> // ... }
Java
db.collectionGroup("landmarks").whereEqualTo("type", "museum").get() .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<QuerySnapshot>() { @Override public void onSuccess(QuerySnapshot queryDocumentSnapshots) { // ... } });
Dart
db .collectionGroup("landmarks") .where("type", isEqualTo: "museum") .get() .then( (res) => print("Successfully completed"), onError: (e) => print("Error completing: $e"), );
Java
Pitón
Python
C++
db->CollectionGroup("landmarks") .WhereEqualTo("type", FieldValue::String("museum")).Get() .OnCompletion([](const firebase::Future<QuerySnapshot>& future) { if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) { for (const DocumentSnapshot& document : future.result()->documents()) { std::cout << document << std::endl; } } else { std::cout << "Error getting documents: " << future.error_message() << std::endl; } });
Nodo.js
Ir
PHP
Unidad
Query museums = db.CollectionGroup("landmarks").WhereEqualTo("type", "museum"); museums.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread((querySnapshotTask) => { foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshotTask.Result.Documents) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document {0} returned by query State=CA", documentSnapshot.Id)); } });
C#
Rubí
Antes de utilizar una consulta de grupo de colección, debe crear un índice que admita su consulta de grupo de colección. Puedes crear un índice a través de un mensaje de error, la consola o Firebase CLI .
Para los SDK web y móvil, también debe crear reglas que permitan las consultas del grupo de recopilación .
Limitaciones de consulta
La siguiente lista resume las limitaciones de las consultas de Cloud Firestore:
- Cloud Firestore brinda soporte para consultas
OR
lógicas a través de los operadoresor
,in
yarray-contains-any
. Estas consultas están limitadas a 30 disyunciones basadas en la forma normal disyuntiva de la consulta . - En una consulta compuesta, las comparaciones de rango (
<
,<=
,>
,>=
) y no iguales (!=
,not-in
) deben filtrarse en el mismo campo. - Puede utilizar como máximo una
array-contains
matriz por disyunción (or
grupo). No puede combinararray-contains
conarray-contains-any
en la misma disyunción. - No puede combinar
not-in
conin
,array-contains-any
oor
en la misma consulta. - Solo se permite un único
not-in
o!=
` por consulta. -
not-in
admite hasta 10 valores de comparación. - La suma de filtros, criterios de clasificación y ruta del documento principal (1 para una subcolección, 0 para una colección raíz) en una consulta no puede exceder 100. Esto se calcula en función de la forma normal disyuntiva de la consulta .
- Una consulta con un filtro de desigualdad en un campo implica ordenar por ese campo y filtrar por la existencia de ese campo .
Límites en consultas OR
Para evitar que una consulta se vuelva demasiado costosa desde el punto de vista computacional, Cloud Firestore limita la cantidad de cláusulas AND
y OR
que puedes combinar. Para aplicar este límite, Cloud Firestore convierte las consultas que realizan operaciones OR
lógicas ( or
, in
y array-contains-any
) a la forma normal disyuntiva (también conocida como OR
de AND
). Cloud Firestore limita una consulta a un máximo de 30 disyunciones en forma normal disyuntiva.
Forma normal disyuntiva
Cloud Firestore convierte las consultas a la forma normal disyuntiva aplicando dos reglas:
Aplanar
Dadas las condiciones
A
,B
yC
:A and (B and C) => A and B and C
Dadas las condiciones
A
,B
,C
yD
:-
A and (B or C) => (A and B) or (A and C)
-
(A or B) and (C or D) => (A and C) or (A and D) or (B and C) or (B and D)
-
Al aplicar estas reglas a consultas in
y array-contains-any
, recuerde que estos operadores son abreviaturas de OR
. Por ejemplo, a in [1,2]
es una abreviatura de a = 1 OR a = 2
.
Los siguientes ejemplos muestran el número de disyunciones para diferentes consultas:
Consulta | Número de disyunciones |
---|---|
query(collectionRef, where("a", "==", 1)) | 1 |
query(collectionRef, or( where("a", "==", 1), where("b", "==", 2) )) | 2 |
query(collectionRef, or( and( where("a", "==", 1), where("c", "==", 3) ), and( where("a", "==", 1), where("d", "==", 4) ), and( where("b", "==", 2), where("c", "==", 3) ), and( where("b", "==", 2), where("d", "==", 4) ) ) ) | 4 |
query(collectionRef, and( or( where("a", "==", 1), where("b", "==", 2) ), or( where("c", "==", 3), where("d", "==", 4) ) ) ) | 4 La forma normal disyuntiva de esta consulta es igual a la consulta anterior. |
query(collectionRef, where("a", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]) ) | 10 |
query(collectionRef, and( where("a", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]), where("b", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]) ) ) | 50 Esta consulta devuelve un error porque supera el límite de 30 disyunciones. |
query(collectionRef, or( where("a", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]), where("b", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]) ) ) | 20 |
query(collectionRef, and( where("a", "in", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]), or( where("b", "==", 2), where("c", "==", 3) ) ) ) | 10 |
orderBy
y existencia
Cuando ordena una consulta por un campo determinado, la consulta puede devolver solo los documentos donde existe el campo ordenar por.
Por ejemplo, la siguiente consulta no devolverá ningún documento donde el campo population
no esté configurado, incluso si cumplen con los filtros de consulta.
Java
db.collection("cities").whereEqualTo("country", “USA”).orderBy(“population”);
Un efecto relacionado se aplica a las desigualdades. Una consulta con un filtro de desigualdad en un campo también implica ordenar por ese campo. La siguiente consulta no devuelve documentos sin un campo population
incluso si country = USA
en ese documento. Como solución alternativa, puede ejecutar consultas separadas para cada pedido o puede asignar un valor para todos los campos por los que ordena.
Java
db.collection(“cities”).where(or(“country”, USA”), greaterThan(“population”, 250000));
La consulta anterior incluye un orden implícito en la desigualdad y es equivalente a lo siguiente:
Java
db.collection(“cities”).where(or(“country”, USA”), greaterThan(“population”, 250000)).orderBy(“population”);
Que sigue
- Aprenda a ordenar y limitar datos en los resultados de consultas .
- Guarde las lecturas cuando simplemente desee contar los resultados .