Quotas and limits

This page details the scalable, usage-based limits for Cloud Functions according to the Blaze pay-as-you-go pricing plan. These limits apply to Firebase projects that deploy functions to the Node.js 10 runtime environment.

The Blaze plan provides generous amounts of invocations, compute time, and internet traffic free of charge. However, function deployments incur small-scale charges for the storage space used for the function's container. See the Firebase FAQ for more information.

Quotas for Google Cloud Functions encompass 3 areas:

  • Resource Limits

    These affect the total amount of resources your functions can consume.

  • Time Limits

    These affect how long things can run.

  • Rate Limits

    These affect the rate at which you can call the Cloud Functions API to manage your functions.

The different types of limits are described in more detail below. Differences between limits for Cloud Functions (1st gen) and Cloud Functions (2nd gen) are noted where applicable.

Resource Limits

Resource limits affect the total amount of resources your functions can consume. The regional scope is per project, and each project maintains its own limits.

Quota Description Limit (1st gen) Limit (2nd gen) Can be increased Scope
Number of functions The total number of functions that can be deployed per region 1,000 1,000 minus the number of Cloud Run services deployed No per region
Max deployment size The maximum size of a single function deployment 100MB (compressed) for sources.
500MB (uncompressed) for sources plus modules.
N/A No per function
Max uncompressed HTTP request size Data sent to HTTP Functions in an HTTP request 10MB 32MB No per invocation
Max uncompressed HTTP response size Data sent from HTTP functions in an HTTP response 10MB 10MB for streaming responses.
32MB for non-streaming responses.
No per invocation
Max event size for event-driven functions Data sent in events to background functions 10MB 512KB for Eventarc events.
10MB for legacy events.
No per event
Max function memory Amount of memory each function instance can use 8GiB 32GiB No per function

Time Limits

Quota Description Limit (1st gen) Limit (2nd gen) Can be increased Scope
Max function duration The maximum amount of time a function can run before being forcibly terminated 540 seconds 60 minutes for HTTP functions.
9 minutes for event-driven functions.
No per invocation

Rate Limits

Quota Description Limit (1st gen) Limit (2nd gen) Can be increased Scope
API calls (READ) Calls to describe or list functions via the Cloud Functions API 5000 per 100 seconds 1200 per 60 seconds Only for 1st gen per project (1st gen)
per region (2nd gen)
API calls (WRITE) Calls to deploy or delete functions via the Cloud Functions API 80 per 100 seconds 60 per 60 seconds No 1 per project (1st gen)
per region (2nd gen)
API calls (CALL) Calls to the "call" API 16 per 100 seconds N/A No 2 per project

Scalability

Cloud Functions invoked by HTTP scale up quickly to handle incoming traffic, while background functions scale more gradually. A function's ability to scale up is dictated by a few factors, including:

  • The amount of time it takes for a function's execution to complete (short-running functions can generally scale up to handle more concurrent requests).
  • The amount of time it takes for a function to initialize on cold start.
  • Your function's error rate.
  • Transient factors, such as regional load and data center capacity.

Background functions have additional limits, as explained below. These limits do not apply to 1st gen HTTP functions.

Additional quotas for background functions

Quota Description Limit Can be increased Scope Product version
Max concurrent invocations The maximum concurrent invocations of a single function
Example: if handling each event takes 100 seconds, the invocation rate will be limited to 30 per second on average
3,000 Yes per function 1st gen only
Max invocation rate The maximum rate of events being handled by a single function
Example: if handling an event takes 100ms, the invocation rate will be limited to 1000 per second even if only 100 requests, on average, are handled in parallel
1000 per second No per function 1st gen only
Max concurrent event data size The maximum total size of incoming events to concurrent invocations of a single function
Example: if events are of size 1MB and processing them takes 10 seconds, the average rate will be 1 event per second, because the 11th event will not be processed until processing one of the first 10 events finishes
10MB No per function 1st gen and 2nd gen
Max throughput of incoming events The maximum throughput of incoming events to a single function
Example: if events are of size 1MB, then the invocation rate can be maximum 10 per second, even if functions finish within 100ms
10MB per second No per function 1st gen and 2nd gen

When you reach a quota limit

When a function consumes all of an allocated resource, the resource becomes unavailable until the quota is refreshed or increased. This may mean that your function and all other functions in the same project will not work until then. A function returns an HTTP 500 error code when one of the resources is over quota and the function cannot execute.

To increase quotas above the defaults listed here, go to the Cloud Functions Quotas Page, select the quotas you want to modify, click EDIT QUOTAS, supply your user information if prompted, and enter the new quota limit for each quota you selected.

Quota limits for Firebase CLI deployment

For each function that the Firebase CLI deploys, these types of rate and time limits are affected:

  • API calls (READ) - 1 call per deployment, no matter how many functions
    • Limit: 5000 per 100 seconds
  • API calls (WRITE) - 1 call per function
    • Limit: 80 per 100 seconds

See also the Firebase CLI reference.