創建用戶
您可以通過調用createUserWithEmailAndPassword
方法或使用聯合身份提供商(例如Google Sign-In或Facebook Login)首次登錄用戶來在您的 Firebase 項目中創建一個新用戶。
您還可以從Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分、用戶頁面或使用Admin SDK創建新的密碼驗證用戶。
獲取當前登錄的用戶
獲取當前用戶的推薦方法是在 Auth 對像上設置觀察者:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, onAuthStateChanged } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); onAuthStateChanged(auth, (user) => { if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/auth.user const uid = user.uid; // ... } else { // User is signed out // ... } });
Web namespaced API
firebase.auth().onAuthStateChanged((user) => { if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/v8/firebase.User var uid = user.uid; // ... } else { // User is signed out // ... } });
通過使用觀察者,您可以確保在獲取當前用戶時 Auth 對像不處於中間狀態(例如初始化)。當您使用signInWithRedirect
時, onAuthStateChanged
觀察者會等到getRedirectResult
解決後再觸發。
您還可以使用currentUser
屬性獲取當前登錄的用戶。如果用戶未登錄,則currentUser
為空:
Web modular API
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/auth.user // ... } else { // No user is signed in. }
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/v8/firebase.User // ... } else { // No user is signed in. }
獲取用戶的個人資料
要獲取用戶的個人資料信息,請使用User
實例的屬性。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user !== null) { // The user object has basic properties such as display name, email, etc. const displayName = user.displayName; const email = user.email; const photoURL = user.photoURL; const emailVerified = user.emailVerified; // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use // this value to authenticate with your backend server, if // you have one. Use User.getToken() instead. const uid = user.uid; }
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user !== null) { // The user object has basic properties such as display name, email, etc. const displayName = user.displayName; const email = user.email; const photoURL = user.photoURL; const emailVerified = user.emailVerified; // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use // this value to authenticate with your backend server, if // you have one. Use User.getIdToken() instead. const uid = user.uid; }
獲取用戶特定於提供商的個人資料信息
要獲取從鏈接到用戶的登錄提供程序檢索的個人資料信息,請使用providerData
屬性。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user !== null) { user.providerData.forEach((profile) => { console.log("Sign-in provider: " + profile.providerId); console.log(" Provider-specific UID: " + profile.uid); console.log(" Name: " + profile.displayName); console.log(" Email: " + profile.email); console.log(" Photo URL: " + profile.photoURL); }); }
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user !== null) { user.providerData.forEach((profile) => { console.log("Sign-in provider: " + profile.providerId); console.log(" Provider-specific UID: " + profile.uid); console.log(" Name: " + profile.displayName); console.log(" Email: " + profile.email); console.log(" Photo URL: " + profile.photoURL); }); }
更新用戶的個人資料
您可以使用updateProfile
方法更新用戶的基本個人資料信息——用戶的顯示名稱和個人資料照片 URL。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, updateProfile } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); updateProfile(auth.currentUser, { displayName: "Jane Q. User", photoURL: "https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg" }).then(() => { // Profile updated! // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.updateProfile({ displayName: "Jane Q. User", photoURL: "https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg" }).then(() => { // Update successful // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
設置用戶的電子郵件地址
您可以使用updateEmail
方法設置用戶的電子郵件地址。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, updateEmail } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); updateEmail(auth.currentUser, "user@example.com").then(() => { // Email updated! // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.updateEmail("user@example.com").then(() => { // Update successful // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
向用戶發送驗證電子郵件
您可以使用sendEmailVerification
方法向用戶發送地址驗證電子郵件。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, sendEmailVerification } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); sendEmailVerification(auth.currentUser) .then(() => { // Email verification sent! // ... });
Web namespaced API
firebase.auth().currentUser.sendEmailVerification() .then(() => { // Email verification sent! // ... });
您可以在電子郵件模板頁面上自定義在Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分中使用的電子郵件模板。請參閱 Firebase 幫助中心的電子郵件模板。
也可以通過繼續 URL傳遞狀態以在發送驗證電子郵件時重定向回應用程序。
此外,您可以在發送電子郵件之前通過更新 Auth 實例上的語言代碼來本地化驗證電子郵件。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); auth.languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useDeviceLanguage();
Web namespaced API
firebase.auth().languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
設置用戶密碼
您可以使用updatePassword
方法設置用戶密碼。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, updatePassword } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; const newPassword = getASecureRandomPassword(); updatePassword(user, newPassword).then(() => { // Update successful. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; const newPassword = getASecureRandomPassword(); user.updatePassword(newPassword).then(() => { // Update successful. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
發送密碼重置郵件
您可以使用sendPasswordResetEmail
方法向用戶發送密碼重置電子郵件。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, sendPasswordResetEmail } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); sendPasswordResetEmail(auth, email) .then(() => { // Password reset email sent! // .. }) .catch((error) => { const errorCode = error.code; const errorMessage = error.message; // .. });
Web namespaced API
firebase.auth().sendPasswordResetEmail(email) .then(() => { // Password reset email sent! // .. }) .catch((error) => { var errorCode = error.code; var errorMessage = error.message; // .. });
您可以在電子郵件模板頁面上自定義在Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分中使用的電子郵件模板。請參閱 Firebase 幫助中心的電子郵件模板。
發送密碼重置電子郵件時,也可以通過繼續 URL傳遞狀態以重定向回應用程序。
此外,您可以通過在發送電子郵件之前更新 Auth 實例上的語言代碼來本地化密碼重置電子郵件。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); auth.languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useDeviceLanguage();
Web namespaced API
firebase.auth().languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
您還可以從 Firebase 控制台發送密碼重置電子郵件。
刪除用戶
您可以使用delete
方法刪除用戶帳戶。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, deleteUser } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; deleteUser(user).then(() => { // User deleted. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.delete().then(() => { // User deleted. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
您還可以從用戶頁面上的Firebase 控制台的身份驗證部分刪除用戶。
重新驗證用戶
某些安全敏感操作(例如刪除帳戶、設置主電子郵件地址和更改密碼)要求用戶最近登錄。如果您執行其中一個操作,而用戶登錄時間太早,則操作因錯誤而失敗。發生這種情況時,通過從用戶那裡獲取新的登錄憑據並將憑據傳遞給reauthenticateWithCredential
來重新驗證用戶。例如:
Web modular API
import { getAuth, reauthenticateWithCredential } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; // TODO(you): prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials const credential = promptForCredentials(); reauthenticateWithCredential(user, credential).then(() => { // User re-authenticated. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web namespaced API
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; // TODO(you): prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials const credential = promptForCredentials(); user.reauthenticateWithCredential(credential).then(() => { // User re-authenticated. }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
導入用戶帳戶
您可以使用 Firebase CLI 的auth:import
命令將用戶帳戶從文件導入您的 Firebase 項目。例如:
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=scrypt --rounds=8 --mem-cost=14