在自定义后端验证 App Check 令牌

Node.js

如果您尚未安装 Node.js Admin SDK，请先安装。

然后，以 Express.js 中间件为例：

import express from "express";
import { initializeApp } from "firebase-admin/app";
import { getAppCheck } from "firebase-admin/app-check";

const expressApp = express();
const firebaseApp = initializeApp();

const appCheckVerification = async (req, res, next) => {
    const appCheckToken = req.header("X-Firebase-AppCheck");

    if (!appCheckToken) {
        res.status(401);
        return next("Unauthorized");
    }

    try {
        const appCheckClaims = await getAppCheck().verifyToken(appCheckToken);

        // If verifyToken() succeeds, continue with the next middleware
        // function in the stack.
        return next();
    } catch (err) {
        res.status(401);
        return next("Unauthorized");
    }
}

expressApp.get("/yourApiEndpoint", [appCheckVerification], (req, res) => {
    // Handle request.
});

Python

如果您尚未安装 Python Admin SDK，请先安装。

然后，在 API 端点处理程序中，调用 app_check.verify_token() 并在其失败时拒绝请求。在以下示例中，使用 @before_request 修饰的函数将针对所有请求执行此任务：

import firebase_admin
from firebase_admin import app_check
import flask
import jwt

firebase_app = firebase_admin.initialize_app()
flask_app = flask.Flask(__name__)

@flask_app.before_request
def verify_app_check() -> None:
    app_check_token = flask.request.headers.get("X-Firebase-AppCheck", default="")
    try:
        app_check_claims = app_check.verify_token(app_check_token)
        # If verify_token() succeeds, okay to continue to route handler.
    except (ValueError, jwt.exceptions.DecodeError):
        flask.abort(401)

@flask_app.route("/yourApiEndpoint")
def your_api_endpoint(request: flask.Request):
    # Handle request.
    ...

Go

如果您尚未安装 Admin SDK for Go，请先安装。

然后，在 API 端点处理程序中，调用 appcheck.Client.VerifyToken() 并在其失败时拒绝请求。在以下示例中，封装容器函数会将此逻辑添加到端点处理程序：

package main

import (
    "context"
    "log"
    "net/http"

    firebaseAdmin "firebase.google.com/go/v4"
    "firebase.google.com/go/v4/appcheck"
)

var (
    appCheck *appcheck.Client
)

func main() {
    app, err := firebaseAdmin.NewApp(context.Background(), nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("error initializing app: %v\n", err)
    }

    appCheck, err = app.AppCheck(context.Background())
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("error initializing app: %v\n", err)
    }

    http.HandleFunc("/yourApiEndpoint", requireAppCheck(yourApiEndpointHandler))
    log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil))
}

func requireAppCheck(handler func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)) func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) {
    wrappedHandler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
        appCheckToken, ok := r.Header[http.CanonicalHeaderKey("X-Firebase-AppCheck")]
        if !ok {
            w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
            w.Write([]byte("Unauthorized."))
            return
        }

        _, err := appCheck.VerifyToken(appCheckToken[0])
        if err != nil {
            w.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized)
            w.Write([]byte("Unauthorized."))
            return
        }

        // If VerifyToken() succeeds, continue with the provided handler.
        handler(w, r)
    }
    return wrappedHandler
}

func yourApiEndpointHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // Handle request.
}

其他

如果您的后端是用其他语言编写的，您可以使用通用 JWT 库（如 jwt.io 中的库）来验证 App Check 令牌。

您的令牌验证逻辑必须完成以下步骤：

1. 从 App Check JWKS 端点 (https://firebaseappcheck.googleapis.com/v1/jwks) 获取 Firebase App Check 公共 JSON Web 密钥 (JWK) 集
2. 验证 App Check 令牌的签名以确保其合法性。
3. 确保令牌的标头使用 RS256 算法。
4. 确保令牌的标头类型为 JWT。
5. 确保令牌由 Firebase App Check 在您的项目下颁发。
6. 确保令牌未过期。
7. 确保令牌的目标设备与您的项目匹配。
8. 可选：检查令牌的主题是否与应用的 ID 匹配。

JWT 库的功能可能有所不同；请务必手动完成所选库未处理的所有步骤。

以下示例使用 jwt gem 作为 Rack 中间件层在 Ruby 中执行必要的步骤。

require 'json'
require 'jwt'
require 'net/http'
require 'uri'

class AppCheckVerification
def initialize(app, options = {})
    @app = app
    @project_number = options[:project_number]
end

def call(env)
    app_id = verify(env['HTTP_X_FIREBASE_APPCHECK'])
    return [401, { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' }, ['Unauthenticated']] unless app_id
    env['firebase.app'] = app_id
    @app.call(env)
end

def verify(token)
    return unless token

    # 1. Obtain the Firebase App Check Public Keys
    # Note: It is not recommended to hard code these keys as they rotate,
    # but you should cache them for up to 6 hours.
    uri = URI('https://firebaseappcheck.googleapis.com/v1/jwks')
    jwks = JSON(Net::HTTP.get(uri))

    # 2. Verify the signature on the App Check token
    payload, header = JWT.decode(token, nil, true, jwks: jwks, algorithms: 'RS256')

    # 3. Ensure the token's header uses the algorithm RS256
    return unless header['alg'] == 'RS256'

    # 4. Ensure the token's header has type JWT
    return unless header['typ'] == 'JWT'

    # 5. Ensure the token is issued by App Check
    return unless payload['iss'] == "https://firebaseappcheck.googleapis.com/#{@project_number}"

    # 6. Ensure the token is not expired
    return unless payload['exp'] > Time.new.to_i

    # 7. Ensure the token's audience matches your project
    return unless payload['aud'].include? "projects/#{@project_number}"

    # 8. The token's subject will be the app ID, you may optionally filter against
    # an allow list
    payload['sub']
rescue
end
end

class Application
def call(env)
    [200, { 'Content-Type' => 'text/plain' }, ["Hello app #{env['firebase.app']}"]]
end
end

use AppCheckVerification, project_number: 1234567890
run Application.new