创建用户
您可以通过调用createUserWithEmailAndPassword
方法或使用联合身份提供商(例如Google Sign-In或Facebook Login )首次登录用户来在您的 Firebase 项目中创建一个新用户。
您还可以在用户页面上的Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分创建新的密码验证用户。
获取当前登录的用户
获取当前用户的推荐方法是调用getCurrentUser
方法。如果没有用户登录, getCurrentUser
返回 null:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser if (user != null) { // User is signed in } else { // No user is signed in }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { // User is signed in } else { // No user is signed in }
在某些情况下, getCurrentUser
将返回一个非空的FirebaseUser
,但基础令牌无效。例如,如果用户在另一台设备上被删除并且本地令牌尚未刷新,则可能会发生这种情况。在这种情况下,您可能会得到一个有效的用户getCurrentUser
但随后对经过身份验证的资源的调用将失败。
getCurrentUser
也可能返回null
,因为 auth 对象尚未完成初始化。
如果您附加一个AuthStateListener ,您将在每次基础令牌状态更改时收到回调。这对于像上面提到的那些边缘情况做出反应很有用。
获取用户的个人资料
要获取用户的个人资料信息,请使用FirebaseUser
实例的访问器方法。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user?.let { // Name, email address, and profile photo Url val name = it.displayName val email = it.email val photoUrl = it.photoUrl // Check if user's email is verified val emailVerified = it.isEmailVerified // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use // FirebaseUser.getIdToken() instead. val uid = it.uid }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { // Name, email address, and profile photo Url String name = user.getDisplayName(); String email = user.getEmail(); Uri photoUrl = user.getPhotoUrl(); // Check if user's email is verified boolean emailVerified = user.isEmailVerified(); // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use this value to // authenticate with your backend server, if you have one. Use // FirebaseUser.getIdToken() instead. String uid = user.getUid(); }
获取用户特定于提供商的个人资料信息
要获取从链接到用户的登录提供程序检索到的个人资料信息,请使用getProviderData
方法。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user?.let { for (profile in it.providerData) { // Id of the provider (ex: google.com) val providerId = profile.providerId // UID specific to the provider val uid = profile.uid // Name, email address, and profile photo Url val name = profile.displayName val email = profile.email val photoUrl = profile.photoUrl } }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); if (user != null) { for (UserInfo profile : user.getProviderData()) { // Id of the provider (ex: google.com) String providerId = profile.getProviderId(); // UID specific to the provider String uid = profile.getUid(); // Name, email address, and profile photo Url String name = profile.getDisplayName(); String email = profile.getEmail(); Uri photoUrl = profile.getPhotoUrl(); } }
更新用户的个人资料
您可以使用updateProfile
方法更新用户的基本个人资料信息——用户的显示名称和个人资料照片 URL。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser val profileUpdates = userProfileChangeRequest { displayName = "Jane Q. User" photoUri = Uri.parse("https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg") } user!!.updateProfile(profileUpdates) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User profile updated.") } }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); UserProfileChangeRequest profileUpdates = new UserProfileChangeRequest.Builder() .setDisplayName("Jane Q. User") .setPhotoUri(Uri.parse("https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg")) .build(); user.updateProfile(profileUpdates) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User profile updated."); } } });
设置用户的电子邮件地址
您可以使用updateEmail
方法设置用户的电子邮件地址。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user!!.updateEmail("user@example.com") .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User email address updated.") } }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); user.updateEmail("user@example.com") .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User email address updated."); } } });
向用户发送验证电子邮件
您可以使用sendEmailVerification
方法向用户发送地址验证电子邮件。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser user!!.sendEmailVerification() .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent.") } }
Java
FirebaseAuth auth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance(); FirebaseUser user = auth.getCurrentUser(); user.sendEmailVerification() .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent."); } } });
您可以在电子邮件模板页面上自定义在Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分中使用的电子邮件模板。请参阅 Firebase 帮助中心的电子邮件模板。
也可以通过继续 URL传递状态以在发送验证电子邮件时重定向回应用程序。
此外,您可以在发送电子邮件之前通过更新 Auth 实例上的语言代码来本地化验证电子邮件。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
auth.setLanguageCode("fr") // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage()
Java
auth.setLanguageCode("fr"); // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage();
设置用户密码
您可以使用updatePassword
方法设置用户密码。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser val newPassword = "SOME-SECURE-PASSWORD" user!!.updatePassword(newPassword) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User password updated.") } }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); String newPassword = "SOME-SECURE-PASSWORD"; user.updatePassword(newPassword) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User password updated."); } } });
发送密码重置电子邮件
您可以使用sendPasswordResetEmail
方法向用户发送密码重置电子邮件。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val emailAddress = "user@example.com" Firebase.auth.sendPasswordResetEmail(emailAddress) .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent.") } }
Java
FirebaseAuth auth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance(); String emailAddress = "user@example.com"; auth.sendPasswordResetEmail(emailAddress) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "Email sent."); } } });
您可以在电子邮件模板页面上自定义在Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分中使用的电子邮件模板。请参阅 Firebase 帮助中心的电子邮件模板。
发送密码重置电子邮件时,也可以通过继续 URL传递状态以重定向回应用程序。
此外,您可以通过在发送电子邮件之前更新 Auth 实例上的语言代码来本地化密码重置电子邮件。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
auth.setLanguageCode("fr") // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage()
Java
auth.setLanguageCode("fr"); // To apply the default app language instead of explicitly setting it. // auth.useAppLanguage();
您还可以从 Firebase 控制台发送密码重置电子邮件。
删除用户
您可以使用delete
方法删除用户帐户。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser!! user.delete() .addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { Log.d(TAG, "User account deleted.") } }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); user.delete() .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { Log.d(TAG, "User account deleted."); } } });
您还可以从用户页面上的Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分删除用户。
重新验证用户
一些安全敏感的操作——例如删除帐户、设置主电子邮件地址和更改密码——要求用户最近登录。如果您执行这些操作之一,而用户登录时间太早,操作失败并抛出FirebaseAuthRecentLoginRequiredException
。发生这种情况时,通过从用户那里获取新的登录凭据并将凭据传递给reauthenticate
来重新验证用户。例如:
Kotlin+KTX
val user = Firebase.auth.currentUser!! // Get auth credentials from the user for re-authentication. The example below shows // email and password credentials but there are multiple possible providers, // such as GoogleAuthProvider or FacebookAuthProvider. val credential = EmailAuthProvider .getCredential("user@example.com", "password1234") // Prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials user.reauthenticate(credential) .addOnCompleteListener { Log.d(TAG, "User re-authenticated.") }
Java
FirebaseUser user = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().getCurrentUser(); // Get auth credentials from the user for re-authentication. The example below shows // email and password credentials but there are multiple possible providers, // such as GoogleAuthProvider or FacebookAuthProvider. AuthCredential credential = EmailAuthProvider .getCredential("user@example.com", "password1234"); // Prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials user.reauthenticate(credential) .addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<Void> task) { Log.d(TAG, "User re-authenticated."); } });
导入用户帐户
您可以使用 Firebase CLI 的auth:import
命令将用户帐户从文件导入您的 Firebase 项目。例如:
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=scrypt --rounds=8 --mem-cost=14