建立自訂電子郵件動作處理常式

部分使用者的管理作業，例如更新使用者的電子郵件地址， 重設使用者的密碼，系統就會將電子郵件傳送給使用者。這些 電子郵件內含連結，收件者可以開啟，完成或取消使用者授權 執行管理作業根據預設，使用者管理電子郵件會連結至預設動作 處理常式，也就是專案 Firebase 託管中由網址代管的網頁 網域。

您可以改為建立及代管自訂電子郵件動作處理常式，以便自訂郵件 處理資料，以及將電子郵件動作處理常式與您的網站整合。

下列使用者管理動作需要使用者完成指定動作 使用電子郵件動作處理常式：

• 重設密碼
• 撤銷電子郵件地址變更 (使用者變更帳戶時)主要 電子郵件地址，Firebase 會傳送電子郵件到舊地址， 復原變更
• 驗證電子郵件地址

如要自訂 Firebase 專案的電子郵件動作處理常式，請建立並 代管使用 Firebase JavaScript SDK 驗證請求的網頁 並完成要求。接著，您必須自訂 Firebase 專案的電子郵件範本，連結至自訂動作處理常式。

建立電子郵件動作處理常式頁面

1. Firebase 會在您的動作處理常式網址中加入多個查詢參數 產生使用者管理電子郵件例如：

   https://example.com/usermgmt?mode=resetPassword&oobCode=ABC123&apiKey=AIzaSy...&lang=fr

   這些參數會指定使用者進行的使用者管理工作 儲存完畢。你的電子郵件動作處理常式頁面必須處理下列查詢 參數：

   參數
   模式	要完成的使用者管理動作。可以是下列任一值 下列值： resetPassword recoverEmail verifyEmail
   oobCode	一次性代碼，用於識別及驗證要求
   API 金鑰	Firebase 專案的 API 金鑰，為了方便起見
   繼續網址	這是選用的網址，提供將狀態傳回 下載應用程式這與重設密碼和電子郵件有關 驗證模式傳送密碼重設電子郵件或 驗證電子郵件，ActionCodeSettings 物件需要 並使用繼續網址來指定這個值。這個 可讓使用者從上次中斷的地方繼續 執行相關動作
   語言	。 BCP47 表示使用者語言代碼的語言標記 (例如 fr)。您可以用這個值提供本地化的電子郵件 執行這項動作 本地化可透過 Firebase 控制台進行，或藉由 才觸發電子郵件 動作。例如，使用 JavaScript： firebase.auth().languageCode = 'fr';。 為提供一致的使用者體驗，請確保電子郵件動作處理常式 本地化內容與電子郵件範本相符。

   以下範例說明如何處理 瀏覽器式處理常式(您也可以將處理常式實作為 Node.js 使用類似邏輯的應用程式)。

   Web

   import { initializeApp } from "firebase/app";
   import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth";
   
   document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
     // TODO: Implement getParameterByName()
   
     // Get the action to complete.
     const mode = getParameterByName('mode');
     // Get the one-time code from the query parameter.
     const actionCode = getParameterByName('oobCode');
     // (Optional) Get the continue URL from the query parameter if available.
     const continueUrl = getParameterByName('continueUrl');
     // (Optional) Get the language code if available.
     const lang = getParameterByName('lang') || 'en';
   
     // Configure the Firebase SDK.
     // This is the minimum configuration required for the API to be used.
     const config = {
       'apiKey': "YOUR_API_KEY" // Copy this key from the web initialization
                                // snippet found in the Firebase console.
     };
     const app = initializeApp(config);
     const auth = getAuth(app);
   
     // Handle the user management action.
     switch (mode) {
       case 'resetPassword':
         // Display reset password handler and UI.
         handleResetPassword(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang);
         break;
       case 'recoverEmail':
         // Display email recovery handler and UI.
         handleRecoverEmail(auth, actionCode, lang);
         break;
       case 'verifyEmail':
         // Display email verification handler and UI.
         handleVerifyEmail(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang);
         break;
       default:
         // Error: invalid mode.
     }
   }, false);
   auth_handle_mgmt_query_params.js

   Web

   document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {
     // TODO: Implement getParameterByName()
   
     // Get the action to complete.
     var mode = getParameterByName('mode');
     // Get the one-time code from the query parameter.
     var actionCode = getParameterByName('oobCode');
     // (Optional) Get the continue URL from the query parameter if available.
     var continueUrl = getParameterByName('continueUrl');
     // (Optional) Get the language code if available.
     var lang = getParameterByName('lang') || 'en';
   
     // Configure the Firebase SDK.
     // This is the minimum configuration required for the API to be used.
     var config = {
       'apiKey': "YOU_API_KEY" // Copy this key from the web initialization
                               // snippet found in the Firebase console.
     };
     var app = firebase.initializeApp(config);
     var auth = app.auth();
   
     // Handle the user management action.
     switch (mode) {
       case 'resetPassword':
         // Display reset password handler and UI.
         handleResetPassword(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang);
         break;
       case 'recoverEmail':
         // Display email recovery handler and UI.
         handleRecoverEmail(auth, actionCode, lang);
         break;
       case 'verifyEmail':
         // Display email verification handler and UI.
         handleVerifyEmail(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang);
         break;
       default:
         // Error: invalid mode.
     }
   }, false);
   custom-email-handler.js

2. 處理密碼重設要求時，請先使用以下程式碼驗證動作程式碼： verifyPasswordResetCode；取得使用者的新密碼 至 confirmPasswordReset。例如：

   Web

   import { verifyPasswordResetCode, confirmPasswordReset } from "firebase/auth";
   
   function handleResetPassword(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
   
     // Verify the password reset code is valid.
     verifyPasswordResetCode(auth, actionCode).then((email) => {
       const accountEmail = email;
   
       // TODO: Show the reset screen with the user's email and ask the user for
       // the new password.
       const newPassword = "...";
   
       // Save the new password.
       confirmPasswordReset(auth, actionCode, newPassword).then((resp) => {
         // Password reset has been confirmed and new password updated.
   
         // TODO: Display a link back to the app, or sign-in the user directly
         // if the page belongs to the same domain as the app:
         // auth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(accountEmail, newPassword);
   
         // TODO: If a continue URL is available, display a button which on
         // click redirects the user back to the app via continueUrl with
         // additional state determined from that URL's parameters.
       }).catch((error) => {
         // Error occurred during confirmation. The code might have expired or the
         // password is too weak.
       });
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Invalid or expired action code. Ask user to try to reset the password
       // again.
     });
   }
   auth_handle_reset_password.js

   Web

   function handleResetPassword(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
   
     // Verify the password reset code is valid.
     auth.verifyPasswordResetCode(actionCode).then((email) => {
       var accountEmail = email;
   
       // TODO: Show the reset screen with the user's email and ask the user for
       // the new password.
       var newPassword = "...";
   
       // Save the new password.
       auth.confirmPasswordReset(actionCode, newPassword).then((resp) => {
         // Password reset has been confirmed and new password updated.
   
         // TODO: Display a link back to the app, or sign-in the user directly
         // if the page belongs to the same domain as the app:
         // auth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(accountEmail, newPassword);
   
         // TODO: If a continue URL is available, display a button which on
         // click redirects the user back to the app via continueUrl with
         // additional state determined from that URL's parameters.
       }).catch((error) => {
         // Error occurred during confirmation. The code might have expired or the
         // password is too weak.
       });
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Invalid or expired action code. Ask user to try to reset the password
       // again.
     });
   }
   custom-email-handler.js

3. 先驗證動作程式碼，處理電子郵件地址變更撤銷作業 checkActionCode；然後透過 applyActionCode。例如：

   Web

   import { checkActionCode, applyActionCode, sendPasswordResetEmail } from "firebase/auth";
   
   function handleRecoverEmail(auth, actionCode, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
     let restoredEmail = null;
     // Confirm the action code is valid.
     checkActionCode(auth, actionCode).then((info) => {
       // Get the restored email address.
       restoredEmail = info['data']['email'];
   
       // Revert to the old email.
       return applyActionCode(auth, actionCode);
     }).then(() => {
       // Account email reverted to restoredEmail
   
       // TODO: Display a confirmation message to the user.
   
       // You might also want to give the user the option to reset their password
       // in case the account was compromised:
       sendPasswordResetEmail(auth, restoredEmail).then(() => {
         // Password reset confirmation sent. Ask user to check their email.
       }).catch((error) => {
         // Error encountered while sending password reset code.
       });
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Invalid code.
     });
   }
   auth_handle_recover_email.js

   Web

   function handleRecoverEmail(auth, actionCode, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
     var restoredEmail = null;
     // Confirm the action code is valid.
     auth.checkActionCode(actionCode).then((info) => {
       // Get the restored email address.
       restoredEmail = info['data']['email'];
   
       // Revert to the old email.
       return auth.applyActionCode(actionCode);
     }).then(() => {
       // Account email reverted to restoredEmail
   
       // TODO: Display a confirmation message to the user.
   
       // You might also want to give the user the option to reset their password
       // in case the account was compromised:
       auth.sendPasswordResetEmail(restoredEmail).then(() => {
         // Password reset confirmation sent. Ask user to check their email.
       }).catch((error) => {
         // Error encountered while sending password reset code.
       });
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Invalid code.
     });
   }
   custom-email-handler.js

4. 呼叫 applyActionCode 來處理電子郵件地址驗證事宜。例如：

   Web

   function handleVerifyEmail(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
     // Try to apply the email verification code.
     applyActionCode(auth, actionCode).then((resp) => {
       // Email address has been verified.
   
       // TODO: Display a confirmation message to the user.
       // You could also provide the user with a link back to the app.
   
       // TODO: If a continue URL is available, display a button which on
       // click redirects the user back to the app via continueUrl with
       // additional state determined from that URL's parameters.
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Code is invalid or expired. Ask the user to verify their email address
       // again.
     });
   }
   auth_handle_verify_email.js

   Web

   function handleVerifyEmail(auth, actionCode, continueUrl, lang) {
     // Localize the UI to the selected language as determined by the lang
     // parameter.
     // Try to apply the email verification code.
     auth.applyActionCode(actionCode).then((resp) => {
       // Email address has been verified.
   
       // TODO: Display a confirmation message to the user.
       // You could also provide the user with a link back to the app.
   
       // TODO: If a continue URL is available, display a button which on
       // click redirects the user back to the app via continueUrl with
       // additional state determined from that URL's parameters.
     }).catch((error) => {
       // Code is invalid or expired. Ask the user to verify their email address
       // again.
     });
   }
   custom-email-handler.js

5. 將網頁託管於某處，例如使用 Firebase Hosting。

接下來，您必須設定 Firebase 專案，才能連結至自訂電子郵件 動作處理常式。

電子郵件範本中的自訂處理常式連結

如要將 Firebase 專案設為使用自訂電子郵件動作處理常式，請按照下列步驟操作：

1. 在 Firebase 控制台中開啟專案。
2. 前往「驗證」部分的「電子郵件範本」頁面。
3. 在任一「Email Types」項目中，按一下鉛筆圖示來編輯 電子郵件範本。
4. 按一下「自訂動作網址」，並指定自訂電子郵件的網址 動作處理常式

儲存網址後，所有 Firebase 專案的電子郵件都會使用這個網址 範本。