Authenticate Using Twitter on iOS

You can let your users authenticate with Firebase using OAuth providers like Twitter by integrating generic OAuth Login into your app using the Firebase SDK to carry out the end to end sign-in flow.

Before you begin

To sign in users using Twitter accounts, you must first enable Twitter as a sign-in provider for your Firebase project:

Add Firebase to your iOS project.
```
pod 'Firebase/Auth'
```
In the Firebase console, open the Auth section.
On the Sign in method tab, enable the Twitter provider.
Add the API key and API secret from that provider's developer console to the provider configuration:
1. Register your app as a developer application on Twitter and get your app's OAuth API key and API secret.
2. Make sure your Firebase OAuth redirect URI (e.g. my-app-12345.firebaseapp.com/__/auth/handler) is set as your Authorization callback URL in your app's settings page on your Twitter app's config.
Click Save.

Handle the sign-in flow with the Firebase SDK

To handle the sign-in flow with the Firebase iOS SDK, follow these steps:

Add custom URL schemes to your Xcode project:
1. Open your project configuration: double-click the project name in the left tree view. Select your app from the TARGETS section, then select the Info tab, and expand the URL Types section.
2. Click the + button, and add a URL scheme for your reversed client ID. To find this value, open the GoogleService-Info.plist configuration file, and look for the REVERSED_CLIENT_ID key. Copy the value of that key, and paste it into the URL Schemes box on the configuration page. Leave the other fields blank.
  When completed, your config should look something similar to the following (but with your application-specific values):

Create an instance of an OAuthProvider using the provider ID twitter.com.

Swift

    var provider = OAuthProvider(providerID: "twitter.com")

Objective-C

    FIROAuthProvider *provider = [FIROAuthProvider providerWithProviderID:@"twitter.com"];

Optional: Specify additional custom OAuth parameters that you want to send with the OAuth request.
Swift
```
    provider.customParameters = [
      "lang": "fr"
      ]
    
```
Objective-C
```
    [provider setCustomParameters:@{@"lang": @"fr"}];
    
```
For the parameters Twitter supports, see the Twitter OAuth documentation. Note that you can't pass Firebase-required parameters with setCustomParameters. These parameters are client_id, redirect_uri, response_type, scope and state.
Optional: If you want to customize the way your app presents the SFSafariViewController or UIWebView when displaying the reCAPTCHA to the user, create a custom class that conforms to the FIRAuthUIDelegate protocol, and pass it to getCredentialWithUIDelegate:completion:.

Authenticate with Firebase using the OAuth provider object.

Swift

    provider.getCredentialWith(nil) { credential, error in
      if error != nil {
        // Handle error.
      }
      if credential != nil {
        Auth().signIn(with: credential) { authResult, error in
          if error != nil {
            // Handle error.
          }
          // User is signed in.
          // IdP data available in authResult.additionalUserInfo.profile.
          // Twitter OAuth access token can also be retrieved by:
          // authResult.credential.accessToken
          // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
          // authResult.credential.idToken
          // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
          // authResult.credential.secret
        }
      }
    }

Objective-C

    [provider getCredentialWithUIDelegate:nil
                               completion:^(FIRAuthCredential *_Nullable credential, NSError *_Nullable error) {
      if (error) {
       // Handle error.
      }
      if (credential) {
        [[FIRAuth auth] signInWithCredential:credential
                                  completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult *_Nullable authResult, NSError *_Nullable error) {
          if (error) {
            // Handle error.
          }
          // User is signed in.
          // IdP data available in authResult.additionalUserInfo.profile.
          // Twitter OAuth access token can also be retrieved by:
          // authResult.credential.accessToken
          // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
          // authResult.credential.idToken
          // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
          // authResult.credential.secret
        }];
      }
    }];

Using the OAuth access token, you can call the Twitter API.

For example, to get basic profile information, you can call the REST API, passing the access token in the Authorization header:

https://api.twitter.com/labs/1/users?usernames=TwitterDev

While the above examples focus on sign-in flows, you also have the ability to link a Twitter provider to an existing user. For example, you can link multiple providers to the same user allowing them to sign in with either.

Swift

    Auth().currentUser.link(withCredential: credential) { authResult, error in
      if error != nil {
        // Handle error.
      }
      // Twitter credential is linked to the current user.
      // IdP data available in authResult.additionalUserInfo.profile.
      // Twitter OAuth access token can also be retrieved by:
      // authResult.credential.accessToken
      // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.idToken
      // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.secret
    }

Objective-C

    [[FIRAuth auth].currentUser
        linkWithCredential:credential
                completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult * _Nullable authResult, NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error) {
        // Handle error.
      }
      // Twitter credential is linked to the current user.
      // IdP data available in authResult.additionalUserInfo.profile.
      // Twitter OAuth access token is can also be retrieved by:
      // authResult.credential.accessToken
      // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.idToken
      // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.secret
    }];

The same pattern can be used with reauthenticateWithCredential which can be used to retrieve fresh credentials for sensitive operations that require recent login.

Swift

    Auth().currentUser.reauthenticateWithCredential(withCredential: credential) { authResult, error in
      if error != nil {
        // Handle error.
      }
      // User is re-authenticated with fresh tokens minted and
      // should be able to perform sensitive operations like account
      // deletion and email or password update.
      // IdP data available in result.additionalUserInfo.profile.
      // Additional OAuth access token is can also be retrieved by:
      // authResult.credential.accessToken
      // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.idToken
      // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.secret
    }

Objective-C

    [[FIRAuth auth].currentUser
        reauthenticateWithCredential:credential
                          completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult * _Nullable authResult, NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error) {
        // Handle error.
      }
      // User is re-authenticated with fresh tokens minted and
      // should be able to perform sensitive operations like account
      // deletion and email or password update.
      // IdP data available in result.additionalUserInfo.profile.
      // Additional OAuth access token is can also be retrieved by:
      // authResult.credential.accessToken
      // Twitter OAuth ID token can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.idToken
      // Twitter OAuth secret can be retrieved by calling:
      // authResult.credential.secret
    }];

Handling account-exists-with-different-credential Errors

If you enabled the One account per email address setting in the Firebase console, when a user tries to sign in a to a provider (such as Twitter) with an email that already exists for another Firebase user's provider (such as Google), the error FIRAuthErrorCodeAccountExistsWithDifferentCredential is thrown along with a temporary FIRAuthCredential object (Twitter credential). To complete the sign in to the intended provider, the user has to sign first to the existing provider (Google) and then link to the former FIRAuthCredential (Twitter credential). This would look as illustrated below:

Swift

  // Sign-in with an OAuth credential.
  provider.getCredentialWith(nil) { credential, error in
    // An account with the same email already exists.
    if (error as NSError?)?.code == AuthErrorCode.accountExistsWithDifferentCredential.rawValue {
      // Get pending credential and email of existing account.
      let existingAcctEmail = (error! as NSError).userInfo[AuthErrorUserInfoEmailKey] as! String
      let pendingCred = (error! as NSError).userInfo[AuthErrorUserInfoUpdatedCredentialKey] as! AuthCredential
      // Lookup existing account identifier by the email.
      Auth.auth().fetchProviders(forEmail:existingAcctEmail) { providers, error in
        // Existing email/password account.
        if (providers?.contains(EmailAuthProviderID))! {
          // Existing password account for email. Ask user to provide the password of the
          // existing account.
          // Sign in with existing account.
          Auth.auth().signIn(withEmail:existingAcctEmail, password:password) { user, error in
            // Successfully signed in.
            if user != nil {
              // Link pending credential to account.
              Auth.auth().currentUser?.linkAndRetrieveData(with: pendingCred) { result, error in
                // ...
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
      return
    }

    // Other errors.
    if error != nil {
      // handle the error.
      return
    }

    // Sign in with the credential.
    if credential != nil {
      Auth.auth().signInAndRetrieveData(with: credential!) { result, error in
        if error != nil {
          // handle the error.
          return
        }
      }
    }
  }

Objective-C

  // Sign-in with an OAuth credential.
  [provider getCredentialWithUIDelegate:nil
                             completion:^(FIRAuthCredential *_Nullable credential, NSError *_Nullable error) {
    // An account with the same email already exists.
    if (error.code == FIRAuthErrorCodeAccountExistsWithDifferentCredential) {
      // Get pending credential and email of existing account.
      NSString *existingAcctEmail = error.userInfo[FIRAuthErrorUserInfoEmailKey];
      FIRAuthCredential *pendingCred = error.userInfo[FIRAuthErrorUserInfoUpdatedCredentialKey];
      // Lookup existing account identifier by the email.
      [[FIRAuth auth] fetchProvidersForEmail:existingAcctEmail
                                 completion:^(NSArray<NSString *> *_Nullable providers,
                                              NSError *_Nullable error) {
        // Existing email/password account.
        if ( [providers containsObject:FIREmailAuthProviderID] ) {
          // Existing password account for email. Ask user to provide the password of the
          // existing account.

          // Sign in with existing account.
          [[FIRAuth auth] signInWithEmail:existingAcctEmail
                                 password:password
                               completion:^(FIRUser *user, NSError *error) {
            // Successfully signed in.
            if (user) {
              // Link pending credential to account.
              [[FIRAuth auth].currentUser linkWithCredential:pendingCred
                                                  completion:^(FIRUser *_Nullable user,
                                                               NSError *_Nullable error) {
                // ...
              }];
            }
          }];
        }
      }];
      return;
    }

    // Other errors.
    if (error) {
      // handle the error.
      return;
    }

    // Sign in with the credential.
    if (credential) {
      [[FIRAuth auth] signInAndRetrieveDataWithCredential:credential
          completion:^(FIRAuthDataResult *_Nullable authResult,
                       NSError *_Nullable error) {
        if (error) {
          // handle the error.
          return;
        }
      }];
    }
  }];

Next steps

After a user signs in for the first time, a new user account is created and linked to the credentials—that is, the user name and password, phone number, or auth provider information—the user signed in with. This new account is stored as part of your Firebase project, and can be used to identify a user across every app in your project, regardless of how the user signs in.

In your apps, you can get the user's basic profile information from the FIRUser object. See Manage Users.
In your Firebase Realtime Database and Cloud Storage Security Rules, you can get the signed-in user's unique user ID from the auth variable, and use it to control what data a user can access.

You can allow users to sign in to your app using multiple authentication providers by linking auth provider credentials to an existing user account.

To sign out a user, call signOut:.

Swift

    let firebaseAuth = Auth.auth()
do {
  try firebaseAuth.signOut()
} catch let signOutError as NSError {
  print ("Error signing out: %@", signOutError)
}

Objective-C

    NSError *signOutError;
BOOL status = [[FIRAuth auth] signOut:&signOutError];
if (!status) {
  NSLog(@"Error signing out: %@", signOutError);
  return;
}

You may also want to add error handling code for the full range of authentication errors. See Handle Errors.