创建用户
您可以通过调用createUserWithEmailAndPassword
方法或使用联合身份提供商(例如Google Sign-In或Facebook Login )首次登录用户来在 Firebase 项目中创建新用户。
您还可以从Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分、用户页面或使用Admin SDK创建新的密码身份验证用户。
获取当前登录的用户
获取当前用户的推荐方法是在 Auth 对象上设置观察者:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, onAuthStateChanged } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); onAuthStateChanged(auth, (user) => { if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/firebase.User const uid = user.uid; // ... } else { // User is signed out // ... } });
Web version 8
firebase.auth().onAuthStateChanged((user) => { if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/firebase.User var uid = user.uid; // ... } else { // User is signed out // ... } });
通过使用观察者,您可以确保 Auth 对象在获取当前用户时不处于中间状态(例如初始化)。当您使用signInWithRedirect
时, onAuthStateChanged
观察者会等到getRedirectResult
在触发之前解决。
您还可以使用currentUser
属性获取当前登录的用户。如果用户未登录,则currentUser
为空:
Web version 9
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/firebase.User // ... } else { // No user is signed in. }
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user) { // User is signed in, see docs for a list of available properties // https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/firebase.User // ... } else { // No user is signed in. }
获取用户的个人资料
要获取用户的个人资料信息,请使用User
实例的属性。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user !== null) { // The user object has basic properties such as display name, email, etc. const displayName = user.displayName; const email = user.email; const photoURL = user.photoURL; const emailVerified = user.emailVerified; // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use // this value to authenticate with your backend server, if // you have one. Use User.getToken() instead. const uid = user.uid; }
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user !== null) { // The user object has basic properties such as display name, email, etc. const displayName = user.displayName; const email = user.email; const photoURL = user.photoURL; const emailVerified = user.emailVerified; // The user's ID, unique to the Firebase project. Do NOT use // this value to authenticate with your backend server, if // you have one. Use User.getIdToken() instead. const uid = user.uid; }
获取用户的提供商特定的个人资料信息
要获取从链接到用户的登录提供程序检索的配置文件信息,请使用providerData
属性。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; if (user !== null) { user.providerData.forEach((profile) => { console.log("Sign-in provider: " + profile.providerId); console.log(" Provider-specific UID: " + profile.uid); console.log(" Name: " + profile.displayName); console.log(" Email: " + profile.email); console.log(" Photo URL: " + profile.photoURL); }); }
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; if (user !== null) { user.providerData.forEach((profile) => { console.log("Sign-in provider: " + profile.providerId); console.log(" Provider-specific UID: " + profile.uid); console.log(" Name: " + profile.displayName); console.log(" Email: " + profile.email); console.log(" Photo URL: " + profile.photoURL); }); }
更新用户的个人资料
您可以使用updateProfile
方法更新用户的基本个人资料信息(用户的显示名称和个人资料照片 URL)。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, updateProfile } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); updateProfile(auth.currentUser, { displayName: "Jane Q. User", photoURL: "https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg" }).then(() => { // Profile updated! // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.updateProfile({ displayName: "Jane Q. User", photoURL: "https://example.com/jane-q-user/profile.jpg" }).then(() => { // Update successful // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
设置用户的电子邮件地址
您可以使用updateEmail
方法设置用户的电子邮件地址。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, updateEmail } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); updateEmail(auth.currentUser, "user@example.com").then(() => { // Email updated! // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.updateEmail("user@example.com").then(() => { // Update successful // ... }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
向用户发送验证电子邮件
您可以使用sendEmailVerification
方法向用户发送地址验证电子邮件。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, sendEmailVerification } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); sendEmailVerification(auth.currentUser) .then(() => { // Email verification sent! // ... });
Web version 8
firebase.auth().currentUser.sendEmailVerification() .then(() => { // Email verification sent! // ... });
您可以在电子邮件模板页面上自定义Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分中使用的电子邮件模板。请参阅 Firebase 帮助中心的电子邮件模板。
发送验证电子邮件时,也可以通过继续 URL传递状态以重定向回应用程序。
此外,您可以通过在发送电子邮件之前更新 Auth 实例上的语言代码来本地化验证电子邮件。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); auth.languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
Web version 8
firebase.auth().languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
设置用户密码
您可以使用updatePassword
方法设置用户的密码。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, updatePassword } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; const newPassword = getASecureRandomPassword(); updatePassword(user, newPassword).then(() => { // Update successful. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; const newPassword = getASecureRandomPassword(); user.updatePassword(newPassword).then(() => { // Update successful. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
发送密码重置电子邮件
您可以使用sendPasswordResetEmail
方法向用户发送密码重置电子邮件。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, sendPasswordResetEmail } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); sendPasswordResetEmail(auth, email) .then(() => { // Password reset email sent! // .. }) .catch((error) => { const errorCode = error.code; const errorMessage = error.message; // .. });
Web version 8
firebase.auth().sendPasswordResetEmail(email) .then(() => { // Password reset email sent! // .. }) .catch((error) => { var errorCode = error.code; var errorMessage = error.message; // .. });
您可以在电子邮件模板页面上自定义Firebase 控制台的身份验证部分中使用的电子邮件模板。请参阅 Firebase 帮助中心的电子邮件模板。
发送密码重置电子邮件时,还可以通过继续 URL传递状态以重定向回应用程序。
此外,您可以通过在发送电子邮件之前更新 Auth 实例上的语言代码来本地化密码重置电子邮件。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); auth.languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
Web version 8
firebase.auth().languageCode = 'it'; // To apply the default browser preference instead of explicitly setting it. // firebase.auth().useDeviceLanguage();
您还可以从 Firebase 控制台发送密码重置电子邮件。
删除用户
您可以使用delete
方法删除用户帐户。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, deleteUser } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; deleteUser(user).then(() => { // User deleted. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; user.delete().then(() => { // User deleted. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
您还可以在Firebase 控制台的“用户”页面上的“身份验证”部分删除用户。
重新验证用户
某些安全敏感操作(例如删除帐户、设置主电子邮件地址和更改密码)要求用户最近登录。如果您执行这些操作之一,而用户登录时间过长,则操作失败并出现错误。发生这种情况时,通过从用户那里获取新的登录凭据并将凭据传递给reauthenticateWithCredential
来重新验证用户。例如:
Web version 9
import { getAuth, reauthenticateWithCredential } from "firebase/auth"; const auth = getAuth(); const user = auth.currentUser; // TODO(you): prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials const credential = promptForCredentials(); reauthenticateWithCredential(user, credential).then(() => { // User re-authenticated. }).catch((error) => { // An error ocurred // ... });
Web version 8
const user = firebase.auth().currentUser; // TODO(you): prompt the user to re-provide their sign-in credentials const credential = promptForCredentials(); user.reauthenticateWithCredential(credential).then(() => { // User re-authenticated. }).catch((error) => { // An error occurred // ... });
导入用户帐户
您可以使用 Firebase CLI 的auth:import
命令将用户帐户从文件导入您的 Firebase 项目。例如:
firebase auth:import users.json --hash-algo=scrypt --rounds=8 --mem-cost=14