Mengurutkan dan membatasi data dengan Cloud Firestore

Cloud Firestore menyediakan fungsionalitas kueri yang dapat diandalkan untuk menentukan dokumen mana yang ingin Anda ambil dari koleksi. Kueri ini juga dapat digunakan dengan get() atau addSnapshotListener(), seperti yang dijelaskan dalam artikel Mendapatkan Data.

Mengurutkan dan membatasi data

Secara default, suatu kueri akan mengambil semua dokumen yang memenuhi kueri tersebut dalam urutan menaik menurut ID dokumen. Anda dapat menentukan tata urutan data Anda menggunakan orderBy(), dan membatasi jumlah dokumen yang diambil menggunakan limit().

Misalnya, Anda dapat mengajukan kueri untuk 3 kota pertama menurut abjad dengan:

Web version 9

import { query, orderBy, limit } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, orderBy("name"), limit(3));order_and_limit.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.orderBy("name").limit(3);test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef.order(by: "name").limit(to: 3)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[citiesRef queryOrderedByField:@"name"] queryLimitedTo:3];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.orderBy("name").limit(3)DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.orderBy("name").limit(3);DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef.orderBy("name").limit(3);firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.orderBy("name").limit(3);
Query query = cities.orderBy("name").limitToLast(3);QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.order_by("name").limit_to_last(2)
results = query.get()snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.order_by("name").limit_to_last(2)
results = await query.get()snippets.py

C++

cities_ref.OrderBy("name").Limit(3);snippets.cpp

Node.js

const firstThreeRes = await citiesRef.orderBy('name').limit(3).get();index.js

Go

query := cities.OrderBy("name", firestore.Asc).Limit(3)
query := cities.OrderBy("name", firestore.Asc).LimitToLast(3)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$query = $citiesRef->orderBy('name')->limit(3);query_order_limit.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("Name").Limit(3);

C#

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("Name").Limit(3);Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.order("name").limit(3)order_limit_data.rb

Anda juga dapat mengurutkan dalam urutan menurun untuk mendapatkan 3 kota terakhir:

Web version 9

import { query, orderBy, limit } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, orderBy("name", "desc"), limit(3));order_and_limit_desc.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.orderBy("name", "desc").limit(3);test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef.order(by: "name", descending: true).limit(to: 3)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[citiesRef queryOrderedByField:@"name" descending:YES] queryLimitedTo:3];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.orderBy("name", Query.Direction.DESCENDING).limit(3)DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.orderBy("name", Direction.DESCENDING).limit(3);DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef.orderBy("name", descending: true).limit(3);firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.orderBy("name", Direction.DESCENDING).limit(3);QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query = cities_ref.order_by(
    u'name', direction=firestore.Query.DESCENDING).limit(3)
results = query.stream()snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.order_by("name", direction=firestore.Query.DESCENDING).limit(3)
results = query.stream()snippets.py

C++

cities_ref.OrderBy("name", Query::Direction::kDescending).Limit(3);snippets.cpp

Node.js

const lastThreeRes = await citiesRef.orderBy('name', 'desc').limit(3).get();index.js

Go

query := cities.OrderBy("name", firestore.Desc).Limit(3)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$query = $citiesRef->orderBy('name', 'DESC')->limit(3);query_order_desc_limit.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef.OrderByDescending("Name").Limit(3);

C#

Query query = citiesRef.OrderByDescending("Name").Limit(3);Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.order("name", "desc").limit(3)order_limit_data.rb

Anda juga dapat mengurutkan berdasarkan beberapa kolom. Misalnya, jika Anda ingin mengurutkan berdasarkan negara bagian, dan dalam setiap negara bagian mengurutkan berdasarkan populasi dalam urutan menurun:

Web version 9

import { query, orderBy } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, orderBy("state"), orderBy("population", "desc"));order_multiple.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.orderBy("state").orderBy("population", "desc");test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef
    .order(by: "state")
    .order(by: "population", descending: true)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[citiesRef queryOrderedByField:@"state"] queryOrderedByField:@"population" descending:YES];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.orderBy("state").orderBy("population", Query.Direction.DESCENDING)DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.orderBy("state").orderBy("population", Direction.DESCENDING);DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef.orderBy("state").orderBy("population", descending: true);firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.orderBy("state").orderBy("population", Direction.DESCENDING);QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
cities_ref.order_by(u'state').order_by(
    u'population', direction=firestore.Query.DESCENDING)snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
cities_ref.order_by("state").order_by(
    "population", direction=firestore.Query.DESCENDING
)snippets.py

C++

cities_ref.OrderBy("state").OrderBy("name", Query::Direction::kDescending);snippets.cpp

Node.js

const byStateByPopRes = await citiesRef.orderBy('state').orderBy('population', 'desc').get();index.js

Go

query := client.Collection("cities").OrderBy("state", firestore.Asc).OrderBy("population", firestore.Desc)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$query = $citiesRef->orderBy('state')->orderBy('population', 'DESC');query_order_multi.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("State").OrderByDescending("Population");

C#

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("State").OrderByDescending("Population");Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.order("state").order("population", "desc")order_limit_data.rb

Anda dapat menggabungkan filter where() dengan orderBy() dan limit(). Dalam contoh berikut, kueri menentukan nilai minimum populasi, mengurutkan berdasarkan populasi dalam urutan menaik, dan hanya menampilkan beberapa hasil pertama yang melampaui nilai minimum tersebut:

Web version 9

import { query, where, orderBy, limit } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, where("population", ">", 100000), orderBy("population"), limit(2));filter_and_order.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.where("population", ">", 100000).orderBy("population").limit(2);test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef
    .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 100000)
    .order(by: "population")
    .limit(to: 2)ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@100000]
    queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
    queryLimitedTo:2];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("population").limit(2)DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("population").limit(2);DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef
    .where("population", isGreaterThan: 100000)
    .orderBy("population")
    .limit(2);firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.whereGreaterThan("population", 2500000L).orderBy("population").limit(2);QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query = cities_ref.where(
    u'population', u'>', 2500000).order_by(u'population').limit(2)
results = query.stream()snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2500000).order_by("population").limit(2)
results = query.stream()snippets.py

C++

cities_ref.WhereGreaterThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(100000))
    .OrderBy("population")
    .Limit(2);snippets.cpp

Node.js

const biggestRes = await citiesRef.where('population', '>', 2500000)
  .orderBy('population').limit(2).get();index.js

Go

query := cities.Where("population", ">", 2500000).OrderBy("population", firestore.Desc).Limit(2)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$query = $citiesRef
    ->where('population', '>', 2500000)
    ->orderBy('population')
    ->limit(2);query_order_limit_field_valid.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Population")
    .Limit(2);

C#

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Population")
    .Limit(2);Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2_500_000).order("population").limit(2)order_limit_data.rb

Namun, jika Anda memiliki filter dengan perbandingan rentang (<, <=, >, >=), pengurutan pertama harus berada di kolom yang sama. Lihat daftar batasan orderBy() di bawah ini.

Batasan

Perhatikan batasan berikut untuk klausa orderBy():

Klausa orderBy() juga memfilter ada tidaknya kolom yang dimaksud. Kumpulan hasilnya tidak akan menyertakan dokumen yang tidak berisi kolom yang dimaksud.

Jika Anda menyertakan filter dengan perbandingan rentang (<, <=, >, >=), pengurutan pertama harus berada di kolom yang sama:

Valid: Filter rentang dan orderBy berada di kolom yang sama

Web version 9

import { query, where, orderBy } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, where("population", ">", 100000), orderBy("population"));valid_filter_and_order.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.where("population", ">", 100000).orderBy("population");test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef
    .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 100000)
    .order(by: "population")ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@100000]
    queryOrderedByField:@"population"];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("population")DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("population");DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef.where("population", isGreaterThan: 100000).orderBy("population");firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.whereGreaterThan("population", 2500000L).orderBy("population");QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query = cities_ref.where(
    u'population', u'>', 2500000).order_by(u'population')
results = query.stream()snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2500000).order_by("population")
results = query.stream()snippets.py

Node.js

citiesRef.where('population', '>', 2500000).orderBy('population');index.js

Go

query := cities.Where("population", ">", 2500000).OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$query = $citiesRef
    ->where('population', '>', 2500000)
    ->orderBy('population');query_order_with_filter.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Population");

C#

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Population");Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2_500_000).order("population")order_limit_data.rb

Tidak valid: Filter rentang dan orderBy pertama berada di kolom berbeda

Web version 9

import { query, where, orderBy } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(citiesRef, where("population", ">", 100000), orderBy("country"));invalid_filter_and_order.js

Web version 8

citiesRef.where("population", ">", 100000).orderBy("country");test.firestore.js

Swift

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

citiesRef
    .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 100000)
    .order(by: "country")ViewController.swift

Objective-C

Catatan: Produk ini tidak tersedia di target watchOS dan App Clip.

[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@100000] queryOrderedByField:@"country"];ViewController.m

Kotlin+KTX

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("country")DocSnippets.kt

Java

citiesRef.whereGreaterThan("population", 100000).orderBy("country");DocSnippets.java

Dart

final citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
citiesRef.where("population", isGreaterThan: 100000).orderBy("country");firestore.dart

Java

Query query = cities.whereGreaterThan("population", 2500000L).orderBy("country");QueryDataSnippets.java

Python

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query = cities_ref.where(u'population', u'>', 2500000).order_by(u'country')
results = query.stream()snippets.py

Python

cities_ref = db.collection("cities")
query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2500000).order_by("country")
results = query.stream()snippets.py

C++

// BAD EXAMPLE -- will crash the program:
cities_ref.WhereGreaterThan("population", FieldValue::Integer(100000))
    .OrderBy("country");snippets.cpp

Node.js

citiesRef.where('population', '>', 2500000).orderBy('country');index.js

Go

// Note: This is an invalid query. It violates the constraint that range
// and order by are required to be on the same field.
query := cities.Where("population", ">", 2500000).OrderBy("country", firestore.Asc)query.go

PHP

Untuk mengetahui informasi lebih lanjut tentang cara menginstal dan membuat klien Cloud Firestore, lihat Library Klien Cloud Firestore.

$invalidRangeQuery = $citiesRef
    ->where('population', '>', 2500000)
    ->orderBy('country');query_order_field_invalid.php

Unity

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Country");

C#

Query query = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 2500000)
    .OrderBy("Country");Program.cs

Ruby

query = cities_ref.where("population", ">", 2_500_000).order("country")order_limit_data.rb

Anda tidak dapat mengurutkan kueri berdasarkan kolom apa pun yang disertakan dalam klausa kesetaraan (=) atau klausa in.