Используйте метаданные файлов с Cloud Storage на Android
Оптимизируйте свои подборки
Сохраняйте и классифицируйте контент в соответствии со своими настройками.
После загрузки файла в Cloud Storage вы также можете получать и обновлять метаданные файла, например, просматривать или обновлять тип контента. Файлы также могут хранить пользовательские пары «ключ/значение» с дополнительными метаданными.
Получить метаданные файла
Метаданные файла содержат общие свойства, такие как name , size и contentType (часто называемый типом MIME), а также некоторые менее распространённые, такие как contentDisposition и timeCreated . Эти метаданные можно получить из ссылки на Cloud Storage с помощью метода getMetadata() .
Kotlin
// Create a storage reference from our appvalstorageRef=storage.reference// Get reference to the filevalforestRef=storageRef.child("images/forest.jpg")
forestRef.metadata.addOnSuccessListener{metadata->
// Metadata now contains the metadata for 'images/forest.jpg'}.addOnFailureListener{// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}
// Create a storage reference from our appStorageReferencestorageRef=storage.getReference();// Get reference to the fileStorageReferenceforestRef=storageRef.child("images/forest.jpg");
forestRef.getMetadata().addOnSuccessListener(newOnSuccessListener<StorageMetadata>(){@OverridepublicvoidonSuccess(StorageMetadatastorageMetadata){// Metadata now contains the metadata for 'images/forest.jpg'}}).addOnFailureListener(newOnFailureListener(){@OverridepublicvoidonFailure(@NonNullExceptionexception){// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}});
Вы можете обновить метаданные файла в любой момент после его загрузки с помощью метода updateMetadata() . Подробнее о том, какие свойства можно обновить, см. в полном списке . Обновляются только свойства, указанные в метаданных, все остальные остаются без изменений.
Kotlin
// Create a storage reference from our appvalstorageRef=storage.reference// Get reference to the filevalforestRef=storageRef.child("images/forest.jpg")
// Create file metadata including the content typevalmetadata=storageMetadata{contentType="image/jpg"setCustomMetadata("myCustomProperty","myValue")}// Update metadata propertiesforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener{updatedMetadata->
// Updated metadata is in updatedMetadata}.addOnFailureListener{// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}
// Create a storage reference from our appStorageReferencestorageRef=storage.getReference();// Get reference to the fileStorageReferenceforestRef=storageRef.child("images/forest.jpg");
// Create file metadata including the content typeStorageMetadatametadata=newStorageMetadata.Builder().setContentType("image/jpg").setCustomMetadata("myCustomProperty","myValue").build();// Update metadata propertiesforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener(newOnSuccessListener<StorageMetadata>(){@OverridepublicvoidonSuccess(StorageMetadatastorageMetadata){// Updated metadata is in storageMetadata}}).addOnFailureListener(newOnFailureListener(){@OverridepublicvoidonFailure(@NonNullExceptionexception){// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}});
Вы можете удалить записываемые свойства метаданных, передав null :
Kotlin
// Create file metadata with property to deletevalmetadata=storageMetadata{contentType=null}// Delete the metadata propertyforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener{updatedMetadata->
// updatedMetadata.contentType should be null}.addOnFailureListener{// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}
// Create file metadata with property to deleteStorageMetadatametadata=newStorageMetadata.Builder().setContentType(null).build();// Delete the metadata propertyforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener(newOnSuccessListener<StorageMetadata>(){@OverridepublicvoidonSuccess(StorageMetadatastorageMetadata){// metadata.contentType should be null}}).addOnFailureListener(newOnFailureListener(){@OverridepublicvoidonFailure(@NonNullExceptionexception){// Uh-oh, an error occurred!}});
Ошибки при получении или обновлении метаданных могут возникать по ряду причин, включая отсутствие файла или отсутствие у пользователя прав доступа к нужному файлу. Подробнее об ошибках можно узнать в разделе «Обработка ошибок» документации.
Пользовательские метаданные
Вы можете указать пользовательские метаданные с помощью метода setCustomMetadata() в классе StorageMetadata.Builder .
Kotlin
valmetadata=storageMetadata{setCustomMetadata("location","Yosemite, CA, USA")setCustomMetadata("activity","Hiking")}
Вы можете хранить специфичные для приложения данные для каждого файла в пользовательских метаданных, но мы настоятельно рекомендуем использовать базу данных (например, Firebase Realtime Database ) для хранения и синхронизации этого типа данных.
Свойства метаданных файла
Полный список свойств метаданных файла доступен ниже:
Получатель недвижимости
Тип
Сеттер существует
getBucket
String
НЕТ
getGeneration
String
НЕТ
getMetadataGeneration
String
НЕТ
getPath
String
НЕТ
getName
String
НЕТ
getSizeBytes
long
НЕТ
getCreationTimeMillis
long
НЕТ
getUpdatedTimeMillis
long
НЕТ
getMd5Hash
String
НЕТ
getCacheControl
String
ДА
getContentDisposition
String
ДА
getContentEncoding
String
ДА
getContentLanguage
String
ДА
getContentType
String
ДА
getCustomMetadata
String
ДА
getCustomMetadataKeys
Set<String>
НЕТ
Загрузка, скачивание и обновление файлов важны, но не менее важна и возможность их удаления. Давайте узнаем, как удалить файлы из Cloud Storage .
[[["Прост для понимания","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Помог мне решить мою проблему","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Другое","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Отсутствует нужная мне информация","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Слишком сложен/слишком много шагов","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Устарел","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Проблема с переводом текста","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Проблемы образцов/кода","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Другое","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Последнее обновление: 2025-09-04 UTC."],[],[],null,["\u003cbr /\u003e\n\nAfter uploading a file to Cloud Storage reference, you can also get\nand update the file metadata, for example to view or update the content type.\nFiles can also store custom key/value pairs with additional file metadata.\n| **Note:** By default, a Cloud Storage for Firebase bucket requires Firebase Authentication to perform any action on the bucket's data or files. You can change your Firebase Security Rules for Cloud Storage to [allow unauthenticated access for specific situations](/docs/storage/security/rules-conditions#public). However, for most situations, we strongly recommend [restricting access and setting up robust security rules](/docs/storage/security/get-started) (especially for production apps). Note that if you use Google App Engine and have a default Cloud Storage bucket with a name format of `*.appspot.com`, you may need to consider [how your security rules impact access to App Engine files](/docs/storage/gcp-integration#security-rules-and-app-engine-files).\n\nGet File Metadata\n\nFile metadata contains common properties such as `name`, `size`, and\n`contentType` (often referred to as MIME type) in addition to some less\ncommon ones like `contentDisposition` and `timeCreated`. This metadata can be\nretrieved from a Cloud Storage reference using\nthe `getMetadata()` method. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nval storageRef = storage.reference\n\n// Get reference to the file\nval forestRef = storageRef.child(\"images/forest.jpg\")\n``` \n\n```kotlin\nforestRef.metadata.addOnSuccessListener { metadata -\u003e\n // Metadata now contains the metadata for 'images/forest.jpg'\n}.addOnFailureListener {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n}https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L345-L349\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nStorageReference storageRef = storage.getReference();\n\n// Get reference to the file\nStorageReference forestRef = storageRef.child(\"images/forest.jpg\");\n``` \n\n```java\nforestRef.getMetadata().addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener\u003cStorageMetadata\u003e() {\n @Override\n public void onSuccess(StorageMetadata storageMetadata) {\n // Metadata now contains the metadata for 'images/forest.jpg'\n }\n}).addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\n @Override\n public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception exception) {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n }\n});https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L437-L447\n```\n\nUpdate File Metadata\n\nYou can update file metadata at any time after the file upload completes by\nusing the `updateMetadata()` method. Refer to the\n[full list](#file-metadata-properties) for more information on what properties\ncan be updated. Only the properties specified in the metadata are updated,\nall others are left unmodified. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nval storageRef = storage.reference\n\n// Get reference to the file\nval forestRef = storageRef.child(\"images/forest.jpg\")\n``` \n\n```kotlin\n// Create file metadata including the content type\nval metadata = storageMetadata {\n contentType = \"image/jpg\"\n setCustomMetadata(\"myCustomProperty\", \"myValue\")\n}\n\n// Update metadata properties\nforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener { updatedMetadata -\u003e\n // Updated metadata is in updatedMetadata\n}.addOnFailureListener {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n}https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L353-L364\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Create a storage reference from our app\nStorageReference storageRef = storage.getReference();\n\n// Get reference to the file\nStorageReference forestRef = storageRef.child(\"images/forest.jpg\");\n``` \n\n```java\n// Create file metadata including the content type\nStorageMetadata metadata = new StorageMetadata.Builder()\n .setContentType(\"image/jpg\")\n .setCustomMetadata(\"myCustomProperty\", \"myValue\")\n .build();\n\n// Update metadata properties\nforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata)\n .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener\u003cStorageMetadata\u003e() {\n @Override\n public void onSuccess(StorageMetadata storageMetadata) {\n // Updated metadata is in storageMetadata\n }\n })\n .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\n @Override\n public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception exception) {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n }\n });https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L451-L470\n```\n\nYou can delete writable metadata properties by passing `null`: \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\n// Create file metadata with property to delete\nval metadata = storageMetadata {\n contentType = null\n}\n\n// Delete the metadata property\nforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata).addOnSuccessListener { updatedMetadata -\u003e\n // updatedMetadata.contentType should be null\n}.addOnFailureListener {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n}https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L374-L384\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\n// Create file metadata with property to delete\nStorageMetadata metadata = new StorageMetadata.Builder()\n .setContentType(null)\n .build();\n\n// Delete the metadata property\nforestRef.updateMetadata(metadata)\n .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener\u003cStorageMetadata\u003e() {\n @Override\n public void onSuccess(StorageMetadata storageMetadata) {\n // metadata.contentType should be null\n }\n })\n .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {\n @Override\n public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception exception) {\n // Uh-oh, an error occurred!\n }\n });https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L480-L498\n```\n\nHandle Errors\n\nThere are a number of reasons why errors may occur on getting or updating\nmetadata, including the file not existing, or the user not having permission\nto access the desired file. More information on errors can be found in the\n[Handle Errors](/docs/storage/android/handle-errors)\nsection of the docs.\n\nCustom Metadata\n\nYou can specify custom metadata using the `setCustomMetadata()` method in the\n`StorageMetadata.Builder` class. \n\nKotlin \n\n```kotlin\nval metadata = storageMetadata {\n setCustomMetadata(\"location\", \"Yosemite, CA, USA\")\n setCustomMetadata(\"activity\", \"Hiking\")\n}https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/kotlin/StorageActivity.kt#L390-L393\n```\n\nJava \n\n```java\nStorageMetadata metadata = new StorageMetadata.Builder()\n .setCustomMetadata(\"location\", \"Yosemite, CA, USA\")\n .setCustomMetadata(\"activity\", \"Hiking\")\n .build();https://github.com/firebase/snippets-android/blob/b694d4dbd411d31be39655f47691c3e9f3529b03/storage/app/src/main/java/com/google/firebase/referencecode/storage/StorageActivity.java#L504-L507\n```\n\nYou can store app-specific data for each file in custom metadata, but we highly\nrecommend using a database (such as the\n[Firebase Realtime Database](/docs/database/android/start))\nto store and synchronize this type of data.\n\nFile Metadata Properties\n\nA full list of metadata properties on a file is available below:\n\n| Property Getter | Type | Setter Exists |\n|-------------------------|---------------|---------------|\n| `getBucket` | `String` | NO |\n| `getGeneration` | `String` | NO |\n| `getMetadataGeneration` | `String` | NO |\n| `getPath` | `String` | NO |\n| `getName` | `String` | NO |\n| `getSizeBytes` | `long` | NO |\n| `getCreationTimeMillis` | `long` | NO |\n| `getUpdatedTimeMillis` | `long` | NO |\n| `getMd5Hash` | `String` | NO |\n| `getCacheControl` | `String` | YES |\n| `getContentDisposition` | `String` | YES |\n| `getContentEncoding` | `String` | YES |\n| `getContentLanguage` | `String` | YES |\n| `getContentType` | `String` | YES |\n| `getCustomMetadata` | `String` | YES |\n| `getCustomMetadataKeys` | `Set\u003cString\u003e` | NO |\n\nUploading, downloading, and updating files is important, but so is being able\nto remove them. Let's learn how to\n[delete files](/docs/storage/android/delete-files)\nfrom Cloud Storage."]]