Cloud Storage for Firebase lets you upload and share user generated content, such as images and video, which allows you to build rich media content into your apps. Your data is stored in a Google Cloud Storage bucket — an exabyte scale object storage solution with high availability and global redundancy. Cloud Storage for Firebase lets you securely upload these files directly from mobile devices and web browsers, handling spotty networks with ease.
Before you begin
Before you can use Cloud Storage, you need to:
Register your Unity project and configure it to use Firebase.
If your Unity project already uses Firebase, then it's already registered and configured for Firebase.
If you don't have a Unity project, you can download a sample app.
Add the Firebase Unity SDK (specifically,
FirebaseStorage.unitypackage
) to your Unity project.
Note that adding Firebase to your Unity project involves tasks both in the Firebase console and in your open Unity project (for example, you download Firebase config files from the console, then move them into your Unity project).
Also, make sure your Firebase project is on the pay-as-you-go Blaze pricing plan. If you're new to Firebase and Google Cloud, check if you're eligible for a $300 credit.
Create a default Cloud Storage bucket
From the navigation pane of the Firebase console, select Storage.
If your project is not yet on the pay-as-you-go Blaze pricing plan, then you'll be prompted to upgrade your project.
Click Get started.
Select a location for your default bucket.
Buckets in
,US-CENTRAL1
, andUS-EAST1
can take advantage of the "Always Free" tier for Google Cloud Storage. Buckets in all other locations follow Google Cloud Storage pricing and usage.US-WEST1
If you'd like, you can later create multiple buckets, each with its own location.
Configure the Firebase Security Rules for your default bucket. During development, consider setting up your rules for public access.
Click Done.
You can now view the bucket in the
Cloud Storage Files tab
of the Firebase console. Your default bucket name format is
PROJECT_ID.firebasestorage.app
Set up public access
Cloud Storage for Firebase provides a declarative rules language that allows you to define how your data should be structured, how it should be indexed, and when your data can be read from and written to. By default, read and write access to Cloud Storage is restricted so only authenticated users can read or write data. To get started without setting up Authentication, you can configure your rules for public access.
This does make Cloud Storage open to anyone, even people not using your app, so be sure to restrict your Cloud Storage again when you set up authentication.
Access the FirebaseStorage
class
The Firebase.Storage.FirebaseStorage
is the entry point for the Cloud Storage Unity SDK.
// Get a reference to the storage service, using the default Firebase App FirebaseStorage storage = FirebaseStorage.DefaultInstance;
You're ready to start using Cloud Storage!
Next step? Learn how to create a Cloud Storage reference.
Advanced setup
There are a few use cases that require additional setup:
- Using Cloud Storage buckets in multiple geographic regions
- Using Cloud Storage buckets in different storage classes
- Using Cloud Storage buckets with multiple authenticated users in the same app
The first use case is perfect if you have users across the world, and want to store their data near them. For instance, you can create buckets in the US, Europe, and Asia to store data for users in those regions to reduce latency.
The second use case is helpful if you have data with different access patterns. For instance: you can set up a multi-regional or regional bucket that stores pictures or other frequently accessed content, and a nearline or coldline bucket that stores user backups or other infrequently accessed content.
In either of these use cases, you'll want to use multiple Cloud Storage buckets.
The third use case is useful if you're building an app, like Google Drive, which lets users have multiple logged in accounts (for instance, a personal account and a work account). You can use a custom Firebase App instance to authenticate each additional account.
Use multiple Cloud Storage buckets
If you want to use a Cloud Storage bucket other than the default provided above,
or use multiple Cloud Storage buckets in a single app, you can create an instance
of FirebaseStorage
that references your custom bucket:
// Get a non-default Storage bucket var storage = FirebaseStorage.GetInstance("gs://my-custom-bucket");
Working with imported buckets
When importing an existing Cloud Storage bucket into Firebase, you'll
have to grant Firebase the ability to access these files using the
gsutil
tool, included in the
Google Cloud SDK:
gsutil -m acl ch -r -u service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-firebasestorage.iam.gserviceaccount.com gs://BUCKET_NAME
You can find your project number as described in the introduction to Firebase projects.
This does not affect newly created buckets, as those have the default access control set to allow Firebase. This is a temporary measure, and will be performed automatically in the future.
Use a custom Firebase App
If you're building a more complicated app using a custom FirebaseApp
, you
can create an instance of FirebaseStorage
initialized with that
app:
// Get the default bucket from a custom FirebaseApp FirebaseStorage storage = FirebaseStorage.GetInstance(customApp); // Get a non-default bucket from a custom FirebaseApp FirebaseStorage storageCustom = FirebaseStorage.GetInstance(customApp, "gs://my-custom-bucket");
Next steps
Prepare to launch your app:
- Set up budget alerts for your project in the Google Cloud console.
- Monitor the Usage and billing dashboard in the Firebase console to get an overall picture of your project's usage across multiple Firebase services. You can also visit the Cloud Storage Usage dashboard for more detailed usage information.
- Review the Firebase launch checklist.