Daten zu Cloud Firestore hinzufügen

In diesem Dokument wird erläutert, wie Sie einzelne Dokumente in Cloud Firestore festlegen, hinzufügen oder aktualisieren. Informationen zum Schreiben von Daten im Bulk finden Sie unter Transaktionen und Batch-Schreibvorgänge.

Übersicht

Sie haben folgende Möglichkeiten, Daten in Cloud Firestore zu schreiben:

  • Sie legen die Daten eines Dokuments innerhalb einer Sammlung durch explizite Angabe einer Dokument-ID fest.
  • Sie fügen einer Sammlung ein neues Dokument hinzu. In diesem Fall generiert Cloud Firestore die Dokument-ID automatisch.
  • Sie erstellen ein leeres Dokument mit einer automatisch generierten ID und weisen ihm später Daten zu.

Hinweis

Bevor Sie Cloud Firestore initialisieren können, um Daten festzulegen, hinzuzufügen oder zu aktualisieren, müssen Sie die folgenden Schritte ausführen:

  • Erstellen Sie eine Cloud Firestore-Datenbank. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Einstieg in Cloud Firestore.
  • Wenn Sie die Web- oder mobilen Clientbibliotheken verwenden, authentifizieren Sie sich mit Sicherheitsregeln. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Erste Schritte mit Sicherheitsregeln.
  • Wenn Sie die Server-Clientbibliotheken oder die REST API verwenden, authentifizieren Sie sich mit der Identitäts- und Zugriffsverwaltung (Identity and Access Management, IAM). Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter Sicherheit für Server-Clientbibliotheken.

Cloud Firestore initialisieren

Initialisieren Sie eine Instanz von Cloud Firestore:

Web

import { initializeApp } from "firebase/app";
import { getFirestore } from "firebase/firestore";

// TODO: Replace the following with your app's Firebase project configuration
// See: https://support.google.com/firebase/answer/7015592
const firebaseConfig = {
    FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION
};

// Initialize Firebase
const app = initializeApp(firebaseConfig);


// Initialize Cloud Firestore and get a reference to the service
const db = getFirestore(app);

Ersetzen Sie FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION durch die firebaseConfig Ihrer Webanwendung.

Informationen zum dauerhaften Sichern von Daten für den Fall, dass die Verbindung des Geräts unterbrochen wird, finden Sie in der Dokumentation Offlinedaten aktivieren.

Web

import firebase from "firebase/app";
import "firebase/firestore";

// TODO: Replace the following with your app's Firebase project configuration
// See: https://support.google.com/firebase/answer/7015592
const firebaseConfig = {
    FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION
};

// Initialize Firebase
firebase.initializeApp(firebaseConfig);


// Initialize Cloud Firestore and get a reference to the service
const db = firebase.firestore();

Ersetzen Sie FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION durch die firebaseConfig Ihrer Webanwendung.

Wie Sie die Daten auch dann erhalten, wenn die Verbindung des Geräts unterbrochen wird, erfahren Sie in der Dokumentation Offlinedaten aktivieren.

Swift
Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
import FirebaseCore
import FirebaseFirestore
FirebaseApp.configure()

let db = Firestore.firestore()
Objective-C
Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
@import FirebaseCore;
@import FirebaseFirestore;

// Use Firebase library to configure APIs
[FIRApp configure];
  
FIRFirestore *defaultFirestore = [FIRFirestore firestore];

Kotlin+KTX

// Access a Cloud Firestore instance from your Activity
val db = Firebase.firestore

Java

// Access a Cloud Firestore instance from your Activity
FirebaseFirestore db = FirebaseFirestore.getInstance();

Dart

db = FirebaseFirestore.instance;
Java
Das Cloud Firestore SDK wird je nach Umgebung auf unterschiedliche Weise initialisiert. Im Folgenden sind die gängigsten Methoden aufgeführt. Eine vollständige Referenz finden Sie unter Admin SDK initialisieren.
  • Am Google Cloud initialisieren
    import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
    import com.google.cloud.firestore.Firestore;
    
    import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp;
    import com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions;
    
    // Use the application default credentials
    GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault();
    FirebaseOptions options = new FirebaseOptions.Builder()
        .setCredentials(credentials)
        .setProjectId(projectId)
        .build();
    FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options);
    
    Firestore db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
  • Auf dem eigenen Server initialisieren

    Wenn Sie das Firebase Admin SDK auf Ihrem eigenen Server verwenden möchten, verwenden Sie ein Dienstkonto.

    Rufen Sie in der Google Cloud Console IAM & Verwaltung > Dienstkonten auf. Generieren Sie einen neuen privaten Schlüssel und speichern Sie die JSON-Datei. Verwenden Sie dann die Datei, um das SDK zu initialisieren:

    import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
    import com.google.cloud.firestore.Firestore;
    
    import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp;
    import com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions;
    
    // Use a service account
    InputStream serviceAccount = new FileInputStream("path/to/serviceAccount.json");
    GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.fromStream(serviceAccount);
    FirebaseOptions options = new FirebaseOptions.Builder()
        .setCredentials(credentials)
        .build();
    FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options);
    
    Firestore db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
  • Python
    Das Cloud Firestore SDK wird je nach Umgebung auf unterschiedliche Weise initialisiert. Im Folgenden finden Sie die gängigsten Methoden. Eine vollständige Referenz finden Sie unter Admin SDK initialisieren.
  • Am Google Cloud initialisieren
    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import firestore
    
    # Application Default credentials are automatically created.
    app = firebase_admin.initialize_app()
    db = firestore.client()

    Sie können auch vorhandene Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen verwenden, um das SDK zu initialisieren.

    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import credentials
    from firebase_admin import firestore
    
    # Use the application default credentials.
    cred = credentials.ApplicationDefault()
    
    firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
    db = firestore.client()
  • Auf eigenem Server initialisieren

    Wenn Sie das Firebase Admin SDK auf Ihrem eigenen Server verwenden möchten, verwenden Sie ein Dienstkonto.

    Gehen Sie in der Google Cloud Console zu IAM & Verwaltung > Dienstkonten. Generieren Sie einen neuen privaten Schlüssel und speichern Sie die JSON-Datei. Verwenden Sie dann die Datei, um das SDK zu initialisieren:

    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import credentials
    from firebase_admin import firestore
    
    # Use a service account.
    cred = credentials.Certificate('path/to/serviceAccount.json')
    
    app = firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
    
    db = firestore.client()
  • Python

    Das Cloud Firestore SDK wird je nach Umgebung auf unterschiedliche Weise initialisiert. Im Folgenden sind die gängigsten Methoden aufgeführt. Eine vollständige Referenz finden Sie unter Admin SDK initialisieren.
  • Am Google Cloud initialisieren
    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import firestore_async
    
    # Application Default credentials are automatically created.
    app = firebase_admin.initialize_app()
    db = firestore_async.client()

    Sie können auch vorhandene Standardanmeldedaten für Anwendungen verwenden, um das SDK zu initialisieren.

    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import credentials
    from firebase_admin import firestore_async
    
    # Use the application default credentials.
    cred = credentials.ApplicationDefault()
    
    firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
    db = firestore_async.client()
  • Auf eigenem Server initialisieren

    Wenn Sie das Firebase Admin SDK auf Ihrem eigenen Server verwenden möchten, verwenden Sie ein Dienstkonto.

    Gehen Sie in der Google Cloud Console zu IAM & Verwaltung > Dienstkonten. Generieren Sie einen neuen privaten Schlüssel und speichern Sie die JSON-Datei. Verwenden Sie dann die Datei, um das SDK zu initialisieren:

    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import credentials
    from firebase_admin import firestore_async
    
    # Use a service account.
    cred = credentials.Certificate('path/to/serviceAccount.json')
    
    app = firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
    
    db = firestore_async.client()
  • C++
    // Make sure the call to `Create()` happens some time before you call Firestore::GetInstance().
    App::Create();
    Firestore* db = Firestore::GetInstance();
    Node.js
    Das Cloud Firestore SDK wird je nach Umgebung unterschiedlich initialisiert. Im Folgenden sind die gängigsten Methoden aufgeführt. Eine vollständige Referenz finden Sie unter Admin SDK initialisieren.
    • Am Cloud Functions initialisieren
      const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app');
      const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
      initializeApp();
      
      const db = getFirestore();
      
    • Am Google Cloud initialisieren
      const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app');
      const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
      initializeApp({
        credential: applicationDefault()
      });
      
      const db = getFirestore();
    • Auf dem eigenen Server initialisieren

      Verwenden Sie ein Dienstkonto, um das Firebase Admin SDK auf Ihrem eigenen Server (oder einer anderen Node.js-Umgebung) zu verwenden. Klicken Sie in der Google Cloud Console auf IAM & Verwaltung > Dienstkonten. Generieren Sie einen neuen privaten Schlüssel und speichern Sie die JSON-Datei. Initialisieren Sie dann das SDK mit der Datei:

      const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app');
      const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
      const serviceAccount = require('./path/to/serviceAccountKey.json');
      
      initializeApp({
        credential: cert(serviceAccount)
      });
      
      const db = getFirestore();
      
    Go
    Das Cloud Firestore SDK wird je nach Umgebung auf unterschiedliche Weise initialisiert. Im Folgenden finden Sie die gängigsten Methoden. Eine vollständige Referenz finden Sie unter Admin SDK initialisieren.
  • Am Google Cloud initialisieren
    import (
      "log"
    
      firebase "firebase.google.com/go"
      "google.golang.org/api/option"
    )
    
    // Use the application default credentials
    ctx := context.Background()
    conf := &firebase.Config{ProjectID: projectID}
    app, err := firebase.NewApp(ctx, conf)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatalln(err)
    }
    
    client, err := app.Firestore(ctx)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatalln(err)
    }
    defer client.Close()
  • Auf eigenem Server initialisieren

    Verwenden Sie ein Dienstkonto, um das Firebase Admin SDK auf Ihrem eigenen Server zu verwenden.

    Rufen Sie in der Google Cloud Console IAM & Verwaltung > Dienstkonten auf. Generieren Sie einen neuen privaten Schlüssel und speichern Sie die JSON-Datei. Verwenden Sie dann die Datei, um das SDK zu initialisieren:

    import (
      "log"
    
      firebase "firebase.google.com/go"
      "google.golang.org/api/option"
    )
    
    // Use a service account
    ctx := context.Background()
    sa := option.WithCredentialsFile("path/to/serviceAccount.json")
    app, err := firebase.NewApp(ctx, nil, sa)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatalln(err)
    }
    
    client, err := app.Firestore(ctx)
    if err != nil {
      log.Fatalln(err)
    }
    defer client.Close()
  • PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    use Google\Cloud\Firestore\FirestoreClient;
    
    /**
     * Initialize Cloud Firestore with default project ID.
     */
    function setup_client_create(string $projectId = null)
    {
        // Create the Cloud Firestore client
        if (empty($projectId)) {
            // The `projectId` parameter is optional and represents which project the
            // client will act on behalf of. If not supplied, the client falls back to
            // the default project inferred from the environment.
            $db = new FirestoreClient();
            printf('Created Cloud Firestore client with default project ID.' . PHP_EOL);
        } else {
            $db = new FirestoreClient([
                'projectId' => $projectId,
            ]);
            printf('Created Cloud Firestore client with project ID: %s' . PHP_EOL, $projectId);
        }
    }
    Einheit
    using Firebase.Firestore;
    using Firebase.Extensions;
    FirebaseFirestore db = FirebaseFirestore.DefaultInstance;
    C#

    C#

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    FirestoreDb db = FirestoreDb.Create(project);
    Console.WriteLine("Created Cloud Firestore client with project ID: {0}", project);
    Ruby
    require "google/cloud/firestore"
    
    # The `project_id` parameter is optional and represents which project the
    # client will act on behalf of. If not supplied, the client falls back to the
    # default project inferred from the environment.
    firestore = Google::Cloud::Firestore.new project_id: project_id
    
    puts "Created Cloud Firestore client with given project ID."

    Dokument festlegen

    Verwenden Sie zum Erstellen oder Überschreiben eines einzelnen Dokuments die folgenden sprachspezifischen set()-Methoden:

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode setDoc():

    import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    // Add a new document in collection "cities"
    await setDoc(doc(db, "cities", "LA"), {
      name: "Los Angeles",
      state: "CA",
      country: "USA"
    });

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    // Add a new document in collection "cities"
    db.collection("cities").doc("LA").set({
        name: "Los Angeles",
        state: "CA",
        country: "USA"
    })
    .then(() => {
        console.log("Document successfully written!");
    })
    .catch((error) => {
        console.error("Error writing document: ", error);
    });
    Swift

    Verwenden Sie die Methode setData():

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Add a new document in collection "cities"
    do {
      try await db.collection("cities").document("LA").setData([
        "name": "Los Angeles",
        "state": "CA",
        "country": "USA"
      ])
      print("Document successfully written!")
    } catch {
      print("Error writing document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C

    Verwenden Sie die Methode setData::

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Add a new document in collection "cities"
    [[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"LA"] setData:@{
      @"name": @"Los Angeles",
      @"state": @"CA",
      @"country": @"USA"
    } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error writing document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document successfully written!");
      }
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    val city = hashMapOf(
        "name" to "Los Angeles",
        "state" to "CA",
        "country" to "USA",
    )
    
    db.collection("cities").document("LA")
        .set(city)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e) }

    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    Map<String, Object> city = new HashMap<>();
    city.put("name", "Los Angeles");
    city.put("state", "CA");
    city.put("country", "USA");
    
    db.collection("cities").document("LA")
            .set(city)
            .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!");
                }
            })
            .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e);
                }
            });

    Dart

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    final city = <String, String>{
      "name": "Los Angeles",
      "state": "CA",
      "country": "USA"
    };
    
    db
        .collection("cities")
        .doc("LA")
        .set(city)
        .onError((e, _) => print("Error writing document: $e"));
    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    // Create a Map to store the data we want to set
    Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
    docData.put("name", "Los Angeles");
    docData.put("state", "CA");
    docData.put("country", "USA");
    docData.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"));
    // Add a new document (asynchronously) in collection "cities" with id "LA"
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(docData);
    // ...
    // future.get() blocks on response
    System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());
    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    data = {"name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA"}
    
    # Add a new doc in collection 'cities' with ID 'LA'
    db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(data)

    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    data = {"name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA"}
    
    # Add a new doc in collection 'cities' with ID 'LA'
    await db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(data)
    C++

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Set():

    // Add a new document in collection 'cities'
    db->Collection("cities")
        .Document("LA")
        .Set({{"name", FieldValue::String("Los Angeles")},
              {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")},
              {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}})
        .OnCompletion([](const Future<void>& future) {
          if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) {
            std::cout << "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!" << std::endl;
          } else {
            std::cout << "Error writing document: " << future.error_message()
                      << std::endl;
          }
        });
    Node.js

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    const data = {
      name: 'Los Angeles',
      state: 'CA',
      country: 'USA'
    };
    
    // Add a new document in collection "cities" with ID 'LA'
    const res = await db.collection('cities').doc('LA').set(data);
    Go

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Set():

    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocAsMap(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("LA").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
    		"name":    "Los Angeles",
    		"state":   "CA",
    		"country": "USA",
    	})
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $data = [
        'name' => 'Los Angeles',
        'state' => 'CA',
        'country' => 'USA'
    ];
    $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('LA')->set($data);
    Einheit

    Verwenden Sie die Methode SetAsync():

    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "Name", "Los Angeles" },
    	{ "State", "CA" },
    	{ "Country", "USA" }
    };
    docRef.SetAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    	Debug.Log("Added data to the LA document in the cities collection.");
    });
    C#

    Verwenden Sie die Methode SetAsync():

    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "name", "Los Angeles" },
        { "state", "CA" },
        { "country", "USA" }
    };
    await docRef.SetAsync(city);
    Ruby

    Verwenden Sie die Methode set():

    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/LA"
    
    data = {
      name:    "Los Angeles",
      state:   "CA",
      country: "USA"
    }
    
    city_ref.set data

    Wenn das Dokument nicht existiert, wird es erstellt. Wenn das Dokument vorhanden ist, wird sein Inhalt mit den neu bereitgestellten Daten überschrieben, wenn Sie nicht angeben, dass die Daten wie folgt in das vorhandene Dokument eingefügt werden sollen:

    Web

    import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    const cityRef = doc(db, 'cities', 'BJ');
    setDoc(cityRef, { capital: true }, { merge: true });

    Web

    var cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('BJ');
    
    var setWithMerge = cityRef.set({
        capital: true
    }, { merge: true });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Update one field, creating the document if it does not exist.
    db.collection("cities").document("BJ").setData([ "capital": true ], merge: true)
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Write to the document reference, merging data with existing
    // if the document already exists
    [[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"BJ"]
         setData:@{ @"capital": @YES }
         merge:YES
         completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
           // ...
         }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    // Update one field, creating the document if it does not already exist.
    val data = hashMapOf("capital" to true)
    
    db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
        .set(data, SetOptions.merge())

    Java

    // Update one field, creating the document if it does not already exist.
    Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
    data.put("capital", true);
    
    db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
            .set(data, SetOptions.merge());

    Dart

    // Update one field, creating the document if it does not already exist.
    final data = {"capital": true};
    
    db.collection("cities").doc("BJ").set(data, SetOptions(merge: true));
    Java
    // asynchronously update doc, create the document if missing
    Map<String, Object> update = new HashMap<>();
    update.put("capital", true);
    
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult =
        db.collection("cities").document("BJ").set(update, SetOptions.merge());
    // ...
    System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get().getUpdateTime());
    Python
    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
    
    city_ref.set({"capital": True}, merge=True)

    Python

    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("BJ")
    
    await city_ref.set({"capital": True}, merge=True)
    C++
    db->Collection("cities").Document("BJ").Set(
        {{"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}}, SetOptions::Merge());
    Node.js
    const cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('BJ');
    
    const res = await cityRef.set({
      capital: true
    }, { merge: true });
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func updateDocCreateIfMissing(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("BJ").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
    		"capital": true,
    	}, firestore.MergeAll)
    
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $cityRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('BJ');
    $cityRef->set([
        'capital' => true
    ], ['merge' => true]);
    Einheit
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    Dictionary<string, object> update = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "capital", false }
    };
    docRef.SetAsync(update, SetOptions.MergeAll);
    C#
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    Dictionary<string, object> update = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "capital", false }
    };
    await docRef.SetAsync(update, SetOptions.MergeAll);
    Ruby
    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/LA"
    city_ref.set({ capital: false }, merge: true)

    Wenn Sie nicht sicher sind, ob das Dokument vorhanden ist, legen Sie die Option zum Zusammenführen der neuen Daten mit einem vorhandenen Dokument fest, um das Überschreiben ganzer Dokumente zu vermeiden. Wenn Sie für Dokumente mit Karten einen Satz mit einem Feld angeben, das eine leere Karte enthält, wird das Kartenfeld des Zieldokuments überschrieben.

    Datentypen

    Mit Cloud Firestore können Sie eine Vielzahl von Datentypen in ein Dokument schreiben, darunter Strings, boolesche Werte, Zahlen, Datumsangaben, Nullwerte sowie verschachtelte Arrays und Objekte. Cloud Firestore speichert Zahlen immer doppelt, unabhängig davon, welche Art von Nummer Sie in Ihrem Code verwenden.

    Web

    import { doc, setDoc, Timestamp } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    const docData = {
        stringExample: "Hello world!",
        booleanExample: true,
        numberExample: 3.14159265,
        dateExample: Timestamp.fromDate(new Date("December 10, 1815")),
        arrayExample: [5, true, "hello"],
        nullExample: null,
        objectExample: {
            a: 5,
            b: {
                nested: "foo"
            }
        }
    };
    await setDoc(doc(db, "data", "one"), docData);

    Web

    var docData = {
        stringExample: "Hello world!",
        booleanExample: true,
        numberExample: 3.14159265,
        dateExample: firebase.firestore.Timestamp.fromDate(new Date("December 10, 1815")),
        arrayExample: [5, true, "hello"],
        nullExample: null,
        objectExample: {
            a: 5,
            b: {
                nested: "foo"
            }
        }
    };
    db.collection("data").doc("one").set(docData).then(() => {
        console.log("Document successfully written!");
    });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let docData: [String: Any] = [
      "stringExample": "Hello world!",
      "booleanExample": true,
      "numberExample": 3.14159265,
      "dateExample": Timestamp(date: Date()),
      "arrayExample": [5, true, "hello"],
      "nullExample": NSNull(),
      "objectExample": [
        "a": 5,
        "b": [
          "nested": "foo"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    do {
      try await db.collection("data").document("one").setData(docData)
      print("Document successfully written!")
    } catch {
      print("Error writing document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    NSDictionary *docData = @{
      @"stringExample": @"Hello world!",
      @"booleanExample": @YES,
      @"numberExample": @3.14,
      @"dateExample": [FIRTimestamp timestampWithDate:[NSDate date]],
      @"arrayExample": @[@5, @YES, @"hello"],
      @"nullExample": [NSNull null],
      @"objectExample": @{
        @"a": @5,
        @"b": @{
          @"nested": @"foo"
        }
      }
    };
    
    [[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"data"] documentWithPath:@"one"] setData:docData
        completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
          if (error != nil) {
            NSLog(@"Error writing document: %@", error);
          } else {
            NSLog(@"Document successfully written!");
          }
        }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    val docData = hashMapOf(
        "stringExample" to "Hello world!",
        "booleanExample" to true,
        "numberExample" to 3.14159265,
        "dateExample" to Timestamp(Date()),
        "listExample" to arrayListOf(1, 2, 3),
        "nullExample" to null,
    )
    
    val nestedData = hashMapOf(
        "a" to 5,
        "b" to true,
    )
    
    docData["objectExample"] = nestedData
    
    db.collection("data").document("one")
        .set(docData)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e) }

    Java

    Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
    docData.put("stringExample", "Hello world!");
    docData.put("booleanExample", true);
    docData.put("numberExample", 3.14159265);
    docData.put("dateExample", new Timestamp(new Date()));
    docData.put("listExample", Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3));
    docData.put("nullExample", null);
    
    Map<String, Object> nestedData = new HashMap<>();
    nestedData.put("a", 5);
    nestedData.put("b", true);
    
    docData.put("objectExample", nestedData);
    
    db.collection("data").document("one")
            .set(docData)
            .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!");
                }
            })
            .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Error writing document", e);
                }
            });

    Dart

    final docData = {
      "stringExample": "Hello world!",
      "booleanExample": true,
      "numberExample": 3.14159265,
      "dateExample": Timestamp.now(),
      "listExample": [1, 2, 3],
      "nullExample": null
    };
    
    final nestedData = {
      "a": 5,
      "b": true,
    };
    
    docData["objectExample"] = nestedData;
    
    db
        .collection("data")
        .doc("one")
        .set(docData)
        .onError((e, _) => print("Error writing document: $e"));
    Java
    Map<String, Object> docData = new HashMap<>();
    docData.put("stringExample", "Hello, World");
    docData.put("booleanExample", false);
    docData.put("numberExample", 3.14159265);
    docData.put("nullExample", null);
    
    ArrayList<Object> arrayExample = new ArrayList<>();
    Collections.addAll(arrayExample, 5L, true, "hello");
    docData.put("arrayExample", arrayExample);
    
    Map<String, Object> objectExample = new HashMap<>();
    objectExample.put("a", 5L);
    objectExample.put("b", true);
    
    docData.put("objectExample", objectExample);
    
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("data").document("one").set(docData);
    System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());
    Python
    data = {
        "stringExample": "Hello, World!",
        "booleanExample": True,
        "numberExample": 3.14159265,
        "dateExample": datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc),
        "arrayExample": [5, True, "hello"],
        "nullExample": None,
        "objectExample": {"a": 5, "b": True},
    }
    
    db.collection("data").document("one").set(data)

    Python

    data = {
        "stringExample": "Hello, World!",
        "booleanExample": True,
        "numberExample": 3.14159265,
        "dateExample": datetime.datetime.now(tz=datetime.timezone.utc),
        "arrayExample": [5, True, "hello"],
        "nullExample": None,
        "objectExample": {"a": 5, "b": True},
    }
    
    await db.collection("data").document("one").set(data)
    C++
    MapFieldValue doc_data{
        {"stringExample", FieldValue::String("Hello world!")},
        {"booleanExample", FieldValue::Boolean(true)},
        {"numberExample", FieldValue::Double(3.14159265)},
        {"dateExample", FieldValue::Timestamp(Timestamp::Now())},
        {"arrayExample", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::Integer(1),
                                            FieldValue::Integer(2),
                                            FieldValue::Integer(3)})},
        {"nullExample", FieldValue::Null()},
        {"objectExample",
         FieldValue::Map(
             {{"a", FieldValue::Integer(5)},
              {"b", FieldValue::Map(
                        {{"nested", FieldValue::String("foo")}})}})},
    };
    
    db->Collection("data").Document("one").Set(doc_data).OnCompletion(
        [](const Future<void>& future) {
          if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) {
            std::cout << "DocumentSnapshot successfully written!" << std::endl;
          } else {
            std::cout << "Error writing document: " << future.error_message()
                      << std::endl;
          }
        });
    Node.js
    const data = {
      stringExample: 'Hello, World!',
      booleanExample: true,
      numberExample: 3.14159265,
      dateExample: Timestamp.fromDate(new Date('December 10, 1815')),
      arrayExample: [5, true, 'hello'],
      nullExample: null,
      objectExample: {
        a: 5,
        b: true
      }
    };
    
    const res = await db.collection('data').doc('one').set(data);
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    	"time"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocDataTypes(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	doc := make(map[string]interface{})
    	doc["stringExample"] = "Hello world!"
    	doc["booleanExample"] = true
    	doc["numberExample"] = 3.14159265
    	doc["dateExample"] = time.Now()
    	doc["arrayExample"] = []interface{}{5, true, "hello"}
    	doc["nullExample"] = nil
    	doc["objectExample"] = map[string]interface{}{
    		"a": 5,
    		"b": true,
    	}
    
    	_, err := client.Collection("data").Doc("one").Set(ctx, doc)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $data = [
        'stringExample' => 'Hello World',
        'booleanExample' => true,
        'numberExample' => 3.14159265,
        'dateExample' => new Timestamp(new DateTime()),
        'arrayExample' => array(5, true, 'hello'),
        'nullExample' => null,
        'objectExample' => ['a' => 5, 'b' => true],
        'documentReferenceExample' => $db->collection('samples/php/data')->document('two'),
    ];
    $db->collection('samples/php/data')->document('one')->set($data);
    printf('Set multiple data-type data for the one document in the data collection.' . PHP_EOL);
    Einheit
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("data").Document("one");
    Dictionary<string, object> docData = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "stringExample", "Hello World" },
    	{ "booleanExample", false },
    	{ "numberExample", 3.14159265 },
    	{ "nullExample", null },
    	{ "arrayExample", new List<object>() { 5, true, "Hello" } },
    	{ "objectExample", new Dictionary<string, object>
    		{
    			{ "a", 5 },
    			{ "b", true },
    		}
    	},
    };
    
    docRef.SetAsync(docData);
    C#
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("data").Document("one");
    Dictionary<string, object> docData = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "stringExample", "Hello World" },
        { "booleanExample", false },
        { "numberExample", 3.14159265 },
        { "nullExample", null },
        { "arrayExample", new object[] { 5, true, "Hello" } },
        { "objectExample", new Dictionary<string, object>
            {
                { "a", 5 },
                { "b", true},
            }
        }
    };
    
    await docRef.SetAsync(docData);
    Ruby
    doc_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/one"
    
    data = {
      stringExample:  "Hello, World!",
      booleanExample: true,
      numberExample:  3.14159265,
      dateExample:    DateTime.now,
      arrayExample:   [5, true, "hello"],
      nullExample:    nil,
      objectExample:  {
        a: 5,
        b: true
      }
    }
    
    doc_ref.set data

    Benutzerdefinierte Objekte

    Die Verwendung von Map- oder Dictionary-Objekten zur Darstellung von Dokumenten ist oft umständlich. Daher unterstützt Cloud Firestore das Schreiben von Dokumenten mit benutzerdefinierten Klassen. Cloud Firestore konvertiert die Objekte in unterstützte Datentypen.

    Mit benutzerdefinierten Klassen können Sie das ursprüngliche Beispiel so umschreiben:

    Web

    class City {
        constructor (name, state, country ) {
            this.name = name;
            this.state = state;
            this.country = country;
        }
        toString() {
            return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country;
        }
    }
    
    // Firestore data converter
    const cityConverter = {
        toFirestore: (city) => {
            return {
                name: city.name,
                state: city.state,
                country: city.country
                };
        },
        fromFirestore: (snapshot, options) => {
            const data = snapshot.data(options);
            return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country);
        }
    };

    Web

    class City {
        constructor (name, state, country ) {
            this.name = name;
            this.state = state;
            this.country = country;
        }
        toString() {
            return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country;
        }
    }
    
    // Firestore data converter
    var cityConverter = {
        toFirestore: function(city) {
            return {
                name: city.name,
                state: city.state,
                country: city.country
                };
        },
        fromFirestore: function(snapshot, options){
            const data = snapshot.data(options);
            return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country);
        }
    };
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    public struct City: Codable {
    
      let name: String
      let state: String?
      let country: String?
      let isCapital: Bool?
      let population: Int64?
    
      enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case name
        case state
        case country
        case isCapital = "capital"
        case population
      }
    
    }
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // This isn't supported in Objective-C.
      

    Kotlin+KTX

    data class City(
        val name: String? = null,
        val state: String? = null,
        val country: String? = null,
        @field:JvmField // use this annotation if your Boolean field is prefixed with 'is'
        val isCapital: Boolean? = null,
        val population: Long? = null,
        val regions: List<String>? = null,
    )

    Java

    Jede benutzerdefinierte Klasse muss über einen öffentlichen Konstruktor verfügen, der keine Argumente entgegennimmt. Darüber hinaus muss die Klasse für jedes Attribut einen öffentlichen Getter enthalten.

    public class City {
    
    
        private String name;
        private String state;
        private String country;
        private boolean capital;
        private long population;
        private List<String> regions;
    
        public City() {}
    
        public City(String name, String state, String country, boolean capital, long population, List<String> regions) {
            // ...
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public String getState() {
            return state;
        }
    
        public String getCountry() {
            return country;
        }
    
        public boolean isCapital() {
            return capital;
        }
    
        public long getPopulation() {
            return population;
        }
    
        public List<String> getRegions() {
            return regions;
        }
    
    }

    Dart

    class City {
      final String? name;
      final String? state;
      final String? country;
      final bool? capital;
      final int? population;
      final List<String>? regions;
    
      City({
        this.name,
        this.state,
        this.country,
        this.capital,
        this.population,
        this.regions,
      });
    
      factory City.fromFirestore(
        DocumentSnapshot<Map<String, dynamic>> snapshot,
        SnapshotOptions? options,
      ) {
        final data = snapshot.data();
        return City(
          name: data?['name'],
          state: data?['state'],
          country: data?['country'],
          capital: data?['capital'],
          population: data?['population'],
          regions:
              data?['regions'] is Iterable ? List.from(data?['regions']) : null,
        );
      }
    
      Map<String, dynamic> toFirestore() {
        return {
          if (name != null) "name": name,
          if (state != null) "state": state,
          if (country != null) "country": country,
          if (capital != null) "capital": capital,
          if (population != null) "population": population,
          if (regions != null) "regions": regions,
        };
      }
    }
    Java
    public City() {
      // Must have a public no-argument constructor
    }
    
    // Initialize all fields of a city
    public City(
        String name,
        String state,
        String country,
        Boolean capital,
        Long population,
        List<String> regions) {
      this.name = name;
      this.state = state;
      this.country = country;
      this.capital = capital;
      this.population = population;
      this.regions = regions;
    }
    Python
    class City:
        def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0, regions=[]):
            self.name = name
            self.state = state
            self.country = country
            self.capital = capital
            self.population = population
            self.regions = regions
    
        @staticmethod
        def from_dict(source):
            # ...
    
        def to_dict(self):
            # ...
    
        def __repr__(self):
            return f"City(\
                    name={self.name}, \
                    country={self.country}, \
                    population={self.population}, \
                    capital={self.capital}, \
                    regions={self.regions}\
                )"
    
    

    Python

    class City:
        def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0, regions=[]):
            self.name = name
            self.state = state
            self.country = country
            self.capital = capital
            self.population = population
            self.regions = regions
    
        @staticmethod
        def from_dict(source):
            # ...
    
        def to_dict(self):
            # ...
    
        def __repr__(self):
            return f"City(\
                    name={self.name}, \
                    country={self.country}, \
                    population={self.population}, \
                    capital={self.capital}, \
                    regions={self.regions}\
                )"
    
    
    C++
    // This is not yet supported.
    Node.js
    // Node.js uses JavaScript objects
    Go
    
    // City represents a city.
    type City struct {
    	Name       string   `firestore:"name,omitempty"`
    	State      string   `firestore:"state,omitempty"`
    	Country    string   `firestore:"country,omitempty"`
    	Capital    bool     `firestore:"capital,omitempty"`
    	Population int64    `firestore:"population,omitempty"`
    	Density    int64    `firestore:"density,omitempty"`
    	Regions    []string `firestore:"regions,omitempty"`
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    class City
    {
        /** @var string */
        public $name;
        /** @var string */
        public $state;
        /** @var string */
        public $country;
        /** @var bool */
        public $capital;
        /** @var int */
        public $population;
        /** @var array<string> */
        public $regions;
    
        /**
         * @param array<string> $regions
         */
        public function __construct(
            string $name,
            string $state,
            string $country,
            bool $capital = false,
            int $population = 0,
            array $regions = []
        ) {
            $this->name = $name;
            $this->state = $state;
            $this->country = $country;
            $this->capital = $capital;
            $this->population = $population;
            $this->regions = $regions;
        }
    
        /**
         * @param array<mixed> $source
         */
        public static function fromArray(array $source): City
        {
            // implementation of fromArray is excluded for brevity
            # ...
        }
    
        /**
         * @return array<mixed>
         */
        public function toArray(): array
        {
            // implementation of toArray is excluded for brevity
            # ...
        }
    
        public function __toString()
        {
            // implementation of __toString is excluded for brevity
            # ...
        }
    }
    
    Einheit
    [FirestoreData]
    public class City
    {
    	[FirestoreProperty]
    	public string Name { get; set; }
    
    	[FirestoreProperty]
    	public string State { get; set; }
    
    	[FirestoreProperty]
    	public string Country { get; set; }
    
    	[FirestoreProperty]
    	public bool Capital { get; set; }
    
    	[FirestoreProperty]
    	public long Population { get; set; }
    }
    C#
    [FirestoreData]
    public class City
    {
        [FirestoreProperty]
        public string Name { get; set; }
    
        [FirestoreProperty]
        public string State { get; set; }
    
        [FirestoreProperty]
        public string Country { get; set; }
    
        [FirestoreProperty]
        public bool Capital { get; set; }
    
        [FirestoreProperty]
        public long Population { get; set; }
    }
    Ruby
    // This isn't supported in Ruby

    Web

    import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    // Set with cityConverter
    const ref = doc(db, "cities", "LA").withConverter(cityConverter);
    await setDoc(ref, new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA"));

    Web

    // Set with cityConverter
    db.collection("cities").doc("LA")
      .withConverter(cityConverter)
      .set(new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA"));
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let city = City(name: "Los Angeles",
                    state: "CA",
                    country: "USA",
                    isCapital: false,
                    population: 5000000)
    
    do {
      try db.collection("cities").document("LA").setData(from: city)
    } catch let error {
      print("Error writing city to Firestore: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // This isn't supported in Objective-C.
      

    Kotlin+KTX

    val city = City(
        "Los Angeles",
        "CA",
        "USA",
        false,
        5000000L,
        listOf("west_coast", "socal"),
    )
    db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city)

    Java

    City city = new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA",
            false, 5000000L, Arrays.asList("west_coast", "sorcal"));
    db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city);

    Dart

    final city = City(
      name: "Los Angeles",
      state: "CA",
      country: "USA",
      capital: false,
      population: 5000000,
      regions: ["west_coast", "socal"],
    );
    final docRef = db
        .collection("cities")
        .withConverter(
          fromFirestore: City.fromFirestore,
          toFirestore: (City city, options) => city.toFirestore(),
        )
        .doc("LA");
    await docRef.set(city);
    Java
    City city =
        new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", false, 3900000L, Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"));
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city);
    // block on response if required
    System.out.println("Update time : " + future.get().getUpdateTime());
    Python
    city = City(name="Los Angeles", state="CA", country="USA")
    db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city.to_dict())

    Python

    city = City(name="Los Angeles", state="CA", country="USA")
    await db.collection("cities").document("LA").set(city.to_dict())
    C++
    // This is not yet supported.
    Node.js
    // Node.js uses JavaScript objects
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocAsEntity(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	city := City{
    		Name:    "Los Angeles",
    		Country: "USA",
    	}
    	_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("LA").Set(ctx, city)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP
    // This isn't supported in PHP.
    Unity
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    City city = new City
    {
    	Name = "Los Angeles",
    	State = "CA",
    	Country = "USA",
    	Capital = false,
    	Population = 3900000L
    };
    docRef.SetAsync(city);
    C#
    DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("LA");
    City city = new City
    {
        Name = "Los Angeles",
        State = "CA",
        Country = "USA",
        Capital = false,
        Population = 3900000L
    };
    await docRef.SetAsync(city);
    Ruby
    // This isn't supported in Ruby.

    Dokument hinzufügen

    Wenn Sie set() zum Erstellen eines Dokuments verwenden, müssen Sie eine ID für das zu erstellende Dokument angeben, wie im folgenden Beispiel gezeigt:

    Web

    import { doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    await setDoc(doc(db, "cities", "new-city-id"), data);

    Web

    db.collection("cities").doc("new-city-id").set(data);
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").setData(data)
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    [[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"new-city-id"]
        setData:data];

    Kotlin+KTX

    db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data)

    Java

    db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data);

    Dart

    db.collection("cities").doc("new-city-id").set({"name": "Chicago"});
    Java
    db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data);
    Python
    db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data)

    Python

    await db.collection("cities").document("new-city-id").set(data)
    C++
    db->Collection("cities").Document("SF").Set({/*some data*/});
    Node.js
    await db.collection('cities').doc('new-city-id').set(data);
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocWithID(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	var data = make(map[string]interface{})
    
    	_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("new-city-id").Set(ctx, data)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('new-city-id')->set($data);
    Einheit
    db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id").SetAsync(city);
    C#
    await db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id").SetAsync(city);
    Ruby
    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/new-city-id"
    city_ref.set data

    Wenn es keine aussagekräftige ID für das Dokument gibt, kann Cloud Firestore automatisch eine ID für Sie generieren. Sie können die folgenden sprachspezifischen add()-Methoden aufrufen:

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode addDoc():

    import { collection, addDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    const docRef = await addDoc(collection(db, "cities"), {
      name: "Tokyo",
      country: "Japan"
    });
    console.log("Document written with ID: ", docRef.id);

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    db.collection("cities").add({
        name: "Tokyo",
        country: "Japan"
    })
    .then((docRef) => {
        console.log("Document written with ID: ", docRef.id);
    })
    .catch((error) => {
        console.error("Error adding document: ", error);
    });
    Swift

    Verwenden Sie die Methode addDocument():

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    do {
      let ref = try await db.collection("cities").addDocument(data: [
        "name": "Tokyo",
        "country": "Japan"
      ])
      print("Document added with ID: \(ref.documentID)")
    } catch {
      print("Error adding document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C

    Verwenden Sie die Methode addDocumentWithData::

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    __block FIRDocumentReference *ref =
        [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] addDocumentWithData:@{
          @"name": @"Tokyo",
          @"country": @"Japan"
        } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
          if (error != nil) {
            NSLog(@"Error adding document: %@", error);
          } else {
            NSLog(@"Document added with ID: %@", ref.documentID);
          }
        }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    val data = hashMapOf(
        "name" to "Tokyo",
        "country" to "Japan",
    )
    
    db.collection("cities")
        .add(data)
        .addOnSuccessListener { documentReference ->
            Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot written with ID: ${documentReference.id}")
        }
        .addOnFailureListener { e ->
            Log.w(TAG, "Error adding document", e)
        }

    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
    data.put("name", "Tokyo");
    data.put("country", "Japan");
    
    db.collection("cities")
            .add(data)
            .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<DocumentReference>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(DocumentReference documentReference) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot written with ID: " + documentReference.getId());
                }
            })
            .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Error adding document", e);
                }
            });

    Dart

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    final data = {"name": "Tokyo", "country": "Japan"};
    
    db.collection("cities").add(data).then((documentSnapshot) =>
        print("Added Data with ID: ${documentSnapshot.id}"));
    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add document data with auto-generated id.
    Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
    data.put("name", "Tokyo");
    data.put("country", "Japan");
    ApiFuture<DocumentReference> addedDocRef = db.collection("cities").add(data);
    System.out.println("Added document with ID: " + addedDocRef.get().getId());
    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    city = {"name": "Tokyo", "country": "Japan"}
    update_time, city_ref = db.collection("cities").add(city)
    print(f"Added document with id {city_ref.id}")

    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    city = City(name="Tokyo", state=None, country="Japan")
    await db.collection("cities").add(city.to_dict())
    C++

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Add():

    db->Collection("cities").Add({/*some data*/});
    Node.js

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    const res = await db.collection('cities').add({
      name: 'Tokyo',
      country: 'Japan'
    });
    
    console.log('Added document with ID: ', res.id);
    Go

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Add():

    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocWithoutID(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	_, _, err := client.Collection("cities").Add(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
    		"name":    "Tokyo",
    		"country": "Japan",
    	})
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $data = [
        'name' => 'Tokyo',
        'country' => 'Japan'
    ];
    $addedDocRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->add($data);
    printf('Added document with ID: %s' . PHP_EOL, $addedDocRef->id());
    Einheit

    Verwenden Sie die Methode AddAsync():

    Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "Name", "Tokyo" },
    	{ "Country", "Japan" }
    };
    db.Collection("cities").AddAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    	DocumentReference addedDocRef = task.Result;
    	Debug.Log(String.Format("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id));
    });
    C#

    Verwenden Sie die Methode AddAsync():

    Dictionary<string, object> city = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "Name", "Tokyo" },
        { "Country", "Japan" }
    };
    DocumentReference addedDocRef = await db.Collection("cities").AddAsync(city);
    Console.WriteLine("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id);
    Ruby

    Verwenden Sie die Methode add():

    data = {
      name:    "Tokyo",
      country: "Japan"
    }
    
    cities_ref = firestore.col collection_path
    
    added_doc_ref = cities_ref.add data
    puts "Added document with ID: #{added_doc_ref.document_id}."

    In manchen Fällen kann es nützlich sein, eine Dokumentenreferenz mit einer automatisch generierten ID zu erstellen und die Referenz später zu verwenden. Für diesen Anwendungsfall können Sie doc() so aufrufen:

    Web

    import { collection, doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    // Add a new document with a generated id
    const newCityRef = doc(collection(db, "cities"));
    
    // later...
    await setDoc(newCityRef, data);

    Web

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    var newCityRef = db.collection("cities").doc();
    
    // later...
    newCityRef.set(data);
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document()
    
    // later...
    newCityRef.setData([
      // ...
    ])
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    FIRDocumentReference *newCityRef = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithAutoID];
    // later...
    [newCityRef setData:@{ /* ... */ }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    val data = HashMap<String, Any>()
    
    val newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document()
    
    // Later...
    newCityRef.set(data)

    Java

    Map<String, Object> data = new HashMap<>();
    
    DocumentReference newCityRef = db.collection("cities").document();
    
    // Later...
    newCityRef.set(data);

    Dart

    // Add a new document with a generated id.
    final data = <String, dynamic>{};
    
    final newCityRef = db.collection("cities").doc();
    
    // Later...
    newCityRef.set(data);
    
    Java
    // Add document data after generating an id.
    DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.collection("cities").document();
    System.out.println("Added document with ID: " + addedDocRef.getId());
    
    // later...
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = addedDocRef.set(data);
    Python
    new_city_ref = db.collection("cities").document()
    
    # later...
    new_city_ref.set(
        {
            # ...
        }
    )

    Python

    new_city_ref = db.collection("cities").document()
    
    # later...
    await new_city_ref.set(
        {
            # ...
        }
    )
    C++
    DocumentReference new_city_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document();
    Node.js
    const newCityRef = db.collection('cities').doc();
    
    // Later...
    const res = await newCityRef.set({
      // ...
    });
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func addDocAfterAutoGeneratedID(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	data := City{
    		Name:    "Sydney",
    		Country: "Australia",
    	}
    
    	ref := client.Collection("cities").NewDoc()
    
    	// later...
    	_, err := ref.Set(ctx, data)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $addedDocRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->newDocument();
    printf('Added document with ID: %s' . PHP_EOL, $addedDocRef->id());
    $addedDocRef->set($data);
    Einheit
    DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.Collection("cities").Document();
    Debug.Log(String.Format("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id));
    addedDocRef.SetAsync(city).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    	Debug.Log(String.Format(
    		"Added data to the {0} document in the cities collection.", addedDocRef.Id));
    });
    C#
    DocumentReference addedDocRef = db.Collection("cities").Document();
    Console.WriteLine("Added document with ID: {0}.", addedDocRef.Id);
    await addedDocRef.SetAsync(city);
    Ruby
    cities_ref = firestore.col collection_path
    
    added_doc_ref = cities_ref.doc
    puts "Added document with ID: #{added_doc_ref.document_id}."
    
    added_doc_ref.set data

    Im Backend sind .add(...) und .doc().set(...) äquivalent, sodass Sie die jeweils passendere Option verwenden können.

    Dokument aktualisieren

    Wenn Sie einige Felder eines Dokuments aktualisieren möchten, ohne das gesamte Dokument zu überschreiben, verwenden Sie die folgenden sprachspezifischen update()-Methoden:

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode updateDoc():

    import { doc, updateDoc } from "firebase/firestore";
    
    const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");
    
    // Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
    await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
      capital: true
    });

    Web

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    var washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").doc("DC");
    
    // Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
    return washingtonRef.update({
        capital: true
    })
    .then(() => {
        console.log("Document successfully updated!");
    })
    .catch((error) => {
        // The document probably doesn't exist.
        console.error("Error updating document: ", error);
    });
    Swift

    Verwenden Sie die Methode updateData():

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Set the "capital" field of the city 'DC'
    do {
      try await washingtonRef.updateData([
        "capital": true
      ])
      print("Document successfully updated")
    } catch {
      print("Error updating document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C

    Verwenden Sie die Methode updateData::

    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
        [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];
    // Set the "capital" field of the city
    [washingtonRef updateData:@{
      @"capital": @YES
    } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
      }
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Set the "isCapital" field of the city 'DC'
    washingtonRef
        .update("capital", true)
        .addOnSuccessListener { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!") }
        .addOnFailureListener { e -> Log.w(TAG, "Error updating document", e) }

    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // Set the "isCapital" field of the city 'DC'
    washingtonRef
            .update("capital", true)
            .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<Void>() {
                @Override
                public void onSuccess(Void aVoid) {
                    Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!");
                }
            })
            .addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
                @Override
                public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
                    Log.w(TAG, "Error updating document", e);
                }
            });

    Dart

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    final washingtonRef = db.collection("cites").doc("DC");
    washingtonRef.update({"capital": true}).then(
        (value) => print("DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!"),
        onError: (e) => print("Error updating document $e"));
    Java

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    // Update an existing document
    DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // (async) Update one field
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> future = docRef.update("capital", true);
    
    // ...
    WriteResult result = future.get();
    System.out.println("Write result: " + result);
    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    # Set the capital field
    city_ref.update({"capital": True})

    Python

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    # Set the capital field
    await city_ref.update({"capital": True})
    C++

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Update():

    DocumentReference washington_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("DC");
    // Set the "capital" field of the city "DC".
    washington_ref.Update({{"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}});
    Node.js

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    const cityRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');
    
    // Set the 'capital' field of the city
    const res = await cityRef.update({capital: true});
    Go

    Verwenden Sie die Methode Update():

    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func updateDoc(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	// ...
    
    	_, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc("DC").Update(ctx, []firestore.Update{
    		{
    			Path:  "capital",
    			Value: true,
    		},
    	})
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $cityRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('DC');
    $cityRef->update([
        ['path' => 'capital', 'value' => true]
    ]);
    Einheit

    Verwenden Sie die Methode UpdateAsync():

    DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
    Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "Capital", false }
    };
    
    cityRef.UpdateAsync(updates).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    	Debug.Log(
    		"Updated the Capital field of the new-city-id document in the cities collection.");
    });
    // You can also update a single field with: cityRef.UpdateAsync("Capital", false);
    C#

    Verwenden Sie die Methode UpdateAsync():

    DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
    Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "Capital", false }
    };
    await cityRef.UpdateAsync(updates);
    
    // You can also update a single field with: await cityRef.UpdateAsync("Capital", false);
    Ruby

    Verwenden Sie die Methode update():

    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/DC"
    city_ref.update({ capital: true })

    Server-Zeitstempel

    Sie können ein Feld in Ihrem Dokument auf einen Server-Zeitstempel setzen, der erfasst, wann der Server das Update erhält.

    Web

    import { updateDoc, serverTimestamp } from "firebase/firestore";
    
    const docRef = doc(db, 'objects', 'some-id');
    
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    const updateTimestamp = await updateDoc(docRef, {
        timestamp: serverTimestamp()
    });

    Web

    var docRef = db.collection('objects').doc('some-id');
    
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    var updateTimestamp = docRef.update({
        timestamp: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
    });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    do {
      try await db.collection("objects").document("some-id").updateData([
        "lastUpdated": FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
      ])
      print("Document successfully updated")
    } catch {
      print("Error updating document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    [[[self.db collectionWithPath:@"objects"] documentWithPath:@"some-id"] updateData:@{
      @"lastUpdated": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForServerTimestamp]
    } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
      }
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    // If you're using custom Kotlin objects in Android, add an @ServerTimestamp
    // annotation to a Date field for your custom object classes. This indicates
    // that the Date field should be treated as a server timestamp by the object mapper.
    val docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id")
    
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    val updates = hashMapOf<String, Any>(
        "timestamp" to FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
    )
    
    docRef.update(updates).addOnCompleteListener { }

    Java

    // If you're using custom Java objects in Android, add an @ServerTimestamp
    // annotation to a Date field for your custom object classes. This indicates
    // that the Date field should be treated as a server timestamp by the object mapper.
    DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id");
    
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    Map<String,Object> updates = new HashMap<>();
    updates.put("timestamp", FieldValue.serverTimestamp());
    
    docRef.update(updates).addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<Void>() {
        // ...
        // ...

    Dart

    final docRef = db.collection("objects").doc("some-id");
    final updates = <String, dynamic>{
      "timestamp": FieldValue.serverTimestamp(),
    };
    
    docRef.update(updates).then(
        (value) => print("DocumentSnapshot successfully updated!"),
        onError: (e) => print("Error updating document $e"));
    Java
    DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("objects").document("some-id");
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = docRef.update("timestamp", FieldValue.serverTimestamp());
    System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get());
    Python
    city_ref = db.collection("objects").document("some-id")
    city_ref.update({"timestamp": firestore.SERVER_TIMESTAMP})

    Python

    city_ref = db.collection("objects").document("some-id")
    await city_ref.update({"timestamp": firestore.SERVER_TIMESTAMP})
    C++
    DocumentReference doc_ref = db->Collection("objects").Document("some-id");
    doc_ref.Update({{"timestamp", FieldValue::ServerTimestamp()}})
        .OnCompletion([](const Future<void>& future) {
          // ...
        });
    Node.js
    // Create a document reference
    const docRef = db.collection('objects').doc('some-id');
    
    // Update the timestamp field with the value from the server
    const res = await docRef.update({
      timestamp: FieldValue.serverTimestamp()
    });
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func updateDocServerTimestamp(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	// ...
    
    	_, err := client.Collection("objects").Doc("some-id").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
    		"timestamp": firestore.ServerTimestamp,
    	}, firestore.MergeAll)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $docRef = $db->collection('samples/php/objects')->document('some-id');
    $docRef->update([
        ['path' => 'timestamp', 'value' => FieldValue::serverTimestamp()]
    ]);
    Einheit
    DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
    cityRef.UpdateAsync("Timestamp", FieldValue.ServerTimestamp)
    	.ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    		Debug.Log(
    			"Updated the Timestamp field of the new-city-id document in the cities "
    			+ "collection.");
    	});
    C#
    DocumentReference cityRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("new-city-id");
    await cityRef.UpdateAsync("Timestamp", Timestamp.GetCurrentTimestamp());
    Ruby
    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/new-city-id"
    city_ref.update({ timestamp: firestore.field_server_time })

    Wenn Sie mehrere Zeitstempelfelder innerhalb einer Transaktion aktualisieren, erhält jedes Feld denselben Serverzeitstempelwert.

    Felder in verschachtelten Objekten aktualisieren

    Wenn Ihr Dokument verschachtelte Objekte enthält, können Sie mit der Punktnotation auf verschachtelte Felder innerhalb des Dokuments verweisen, wenn Sie update() aufrufen:

    Web

    import { doc, setDoc, updateDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; 
    
    // Create an initial document to update.
    const frankDocRef = doc(db, "users", "frank");
    await setDoc(frankDocRef, {
        name: "Frank",
        favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" },
        age: 12
    });
    
    // To update age and favorite color:
    await updateDoc(frankDocRef, {
        "age": 13,
        "favorites.color": "Red"
    });

    Web

    // Create an initial document to update.
    var frankDocRef = db.collection("users").doc("frank");
    frankDocRef.set({
        name: "Frank",
        favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" },
        age: 12
    });
    
    // To update age and favorite color:
    db.collection("users").doc("frank").update({
        "age": 13,
        "favorites.color": "Red"
    })
    .then(() => {
        console.log("Document successfully updated!");
    });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Create an initial document to update.
    let frankDocRef = db.collection("users").document("frank")
    do {
      try await frankDocRef.setData([
        "name": "Frank",
        "favorites": [ "food": "Pizza", "color": "Blue", "subject": "recess" ],
        "age": 12
      ])
    
      // To update age and favorite color:
      try await frankDocRef.updateData([
        "age": 13,
        "favorites.color": "Red"
      ])
      print("Document successfully updated")
    } catch {
      print("Error updating document: \(error)")
    }
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    // Create an initial document to update.
    FIRDocumentReference *frankDocRef =
        [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"users"] documentWithPath:@"frank"];
    [frankDocRef setData:@{
      @"name": @"Frank",
      @"favorites": @{
        @"food": @"Pizza",
        @"color": @"Blue",
        @"subject": @"recess"
      },
      @"age": @12
    }];
    // To update age and favorite color:
    [frankDocRef updateData:@{
      @"age": @13,
      @"favorites.color": @"Red",
    } completion:^(NSError * _Nullable error) {
      if (error != nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error updating document: %@", error);
      } else {
        NSLog(@"Document successfully updated");
      }
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    // Assume the document contains:
    // {
    //   name: "Frank",
    //   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
    //   age: 12
    // }
    //
    // To update age and favorite color:
    db.collection("users").document("frank")
        .update(
            mapOf(
                "age" to 13,
                "favorites.color" to "Red",
            ),
        )

    Java

    // Assume the document contains:
    // {
    //   name: "Frank",
    //   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
    //   age: 12
    // }
    //
    // To update age and favorite color:
    db.collection("users").document("frank")
            .update(
                    "age", 13,
                    "favorites.color", "Red"
            );

    Dart

    // Assume the document contains:
    // {
    //   name: "Frank",
    //   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
    //   age: 12
    // }
    db
        .collection("users")
        .doc("frank")
        .update({"age": 13, "favorites.color": "Red"});
    Java
    // Create an initial document to update
    DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.collection("users").document("frank");
    Map<String, Object> initialData = new HashMap<>();
    initialData.put("name", "Frank");
    initialData.put("age", 12);
    
    Map<String, Object> favorites = new HashMap<>();
    favorites.put("food", "Pizza");
    favorites.put("color", "Blue");
    favorites.put("subject", "Recess");
    initialData.put("favorites", favorites);
    
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> initialResult = frankDocRef.set(initialData);
    // Confirm that data has been successfully saved by blocking on the operation
    initialResult.get();
    
    // Update age and favorite color
    Map<String, Object> updates = new HashMap<>();
    updates.put("age", 13);
    updates.put("favorites.color", "Red");
    
    // Async update document
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> writeResult = frankDocRef.update(updates);
    // ...
    System.out.println("Update time : " + writeResult.get().getUpdateTime());
    Python
    # Create an initial document to update
    frank_ref = db.collection("users").document("frank")
    frank_ref.set(
        {
            "name": "Frank",
            "favorites": {"food": "Pizza", "color": "Blue", "subject": "Recess"},
            "age": 12,
        }
    )
    
    # Update age and favorite color
    frank_ref.update({"age": 13, "favorites.color": "Red"})

    Python

    # Create an initial document to update
    frank_ref = db.collection("users").document("frank")
    await frank_ref.set(
        {
            "name": "Frank",
            "favorites": {"food": "Pizza", "color": "Blue", "subject": "Recess"},
            "age": 12,
        }
    )
    
    # Update age and favorite color
    await frank_ref.update({"age": 13, "favorites.color": "Red"})
    C++
    // Assume the document contains:
    // {
    //   name: "Frank",
    //   favorites: { food: "Pizza", color: "Blue", subject: "recess" }
    //   age: 12
    // }
    //
    // To update age and favorite color:
    db->Collection("users").Document("frank").Update({
        {"age", FieldValue::Integer(13)},
        {"favorites.color", FieldValue::String("red")},
    });
    Node.js
    const initialData = {
      name: 'Frank',
      age: 12,
      favorites: {
        food: 'Pizza',
        color: 'Blue',
        subject: 'recess'
      }
    };
    
    // ...
    const res = await db.collection('users').doc('Frank').update({
      age: 13,
      'favorites.color': 'Red'
    });
    Go
    
    import (
    	"context"
    	"log"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    func updateDocNested(ctx context.Context, client *firestore.Client) error {
    	initialData := map[string]interface{}{
    		"name": "Frank",
    		"age":  12,
    		"favorites": map[string]interface{}{
    			"food":    "Pizza",
    			"color":   "Blue",
    			"subject": "recess",
    		},
    	}
    
    	// ...
    
    	_, err := client.Collection("users").Doc("frank").Set(ctx, map[string]interface{}{
    		"age": 13,
    		"favorites": map[string]interface{}{
    			"color": "Red",
    		},
    	}, firestore.MergeAll)
    	if err != nil {
    		// Handle any errors in an appropriate way, such as returning them.
    		log.Printf("An error has occurred: %s", err)
    	}
    
    	return err
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    // Create an initial document to update
    $frankRef = $db->collection('samples/php/users')->document('frank');
    $frankRef->set([
        'first' => 'Frank',
        'last' => 'Franklin',
        'favorites' => ['food' => 'Pizza', 'color' => 'Blue', 'subject' => 'Recess'],
        'age' => 12
    ]);
    
    // Update age and favorite color
    $frankRef->update([
        ['path' => 'age', 'value' => 13],
        ['path' => 'favorites.color', 'value' => 'Red']
    ]);
    Einheit
    DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.Collection("users").Document("frank");
    Dictionary<string, object> initialData = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "Name", "Frank" },
    	{ "Age", 12 }
    };
    
    Dictionary<string, object> favorites = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
    	{ "Food", "Pizza" },
    	{ "Color", "Blue" },
    	{ "Subject", "Recess" },
    };
    initialData.Add("Favorites", favorites);
    frankDocRef.SetAsync(initialData).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    
    	// Update age and favorite color
    	Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
    	{
    		{ "Age", 13 },
    		{ "Favorites.Color", "Red" },
    	};
    
    	// Asynchronously update the document
    	return frankDocRef.UpdateAsync(updates);
    }).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => {
    	Debug.Log(
    		"Updated the age and favorite color fields of the Frank document in "
    		+ "the users collection.");
    });
    C#
    DocumentReference frankDocRef = db.Collection("users").Document("frank");
    Dictionary<string, object> initialData = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "Name", "Frank" },
        { "Age", 12 }
    };
    
    Dictionary<string, object> favorites = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "Food", "Pizza" },
        { "Color", "Blue" },
        { "Subject", "Recess" },
    };
    initialData.Add("Favorites", favorites);
    await frankDocRef.SetAsync(initialData);
    
    // Update age and favorite color
    Dictionary<string, object> updates = new Dictionary<string, object>
    {
        { "Age", 13 },
        { "Favorites.Color", "Red" },
    };
    
    // Asynchronously update the document
    await frankDocRef.UpdateAsync(updates);
    Ruby
    # Create an initial document to update
    frank_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/frank"
    frank_ref.set(
      {
        name:      "Frank",
        favorites: {
          food:    "Pizza",
          color:   "Blue",
          subject: "Recess"
        },
        age:       12
      }
    )
    
    # Update age and favorite color
    frank_ref.update({ age: 13, "favorites.color": "Red" })

    Mit der Punktnotation können Sie ein einzelnes verschachteltes Feld aktualisieren, ohne andere verschachtelte Felder zu überschreiben. Wenn Sie ein verschachteltes Feld ohne Punktnotation aktualisieren, überschreiben Sie das gesamte Kartenfeld, wie im folgenden Beispiel gezeigt:

    Web
    // Create our initial doc
    db.collection("users").doc("frank").set({
      name: "Frank",
      favorites: {
        food: "Pizza",
        color: "Blue",
        subject: "Recess"
      },
      age: 12
    }).then(function() {
      console.log("Frank created");
    });
    
    // Update the doc without using dot notation.
    // Notice the map value for favorites.
    db.collection("users").doc("frank").update({
      favorites: {
        food: "Ice Cream"
      }
    }).then(function() {
      console.log("Frank food updated");
    });
    
    /*
    Ending State, favorite.color and favorite.subject are no longer present:
    /users
        /frank
            {
                name: "Frank",
                favorites: {
                    food: "Ice Cream",
                },
                age: 12
            }
     */

    Elemente in einem Array aktualisieren

    Wenn Ihr Dokument ein Array-Feld enthält, können Sie arrayUnion() und arrayRemove() zum Hinzufügen und Entfernen von Elementen verwenden. arrayUnion() fügt einem Array Elemente hinzu, aber nur Elemente, die nicht bereits vorhanden sind. arrayRemove() entfernt alle Instanzen jedes angegebenen Elements.

    Web

    import { doc, updateDoc, arrayUnion, arrayRemove } from "firebase/firestore";
    
    const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
        regions: arrayUnion("greater_virginia")
    });
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
        regions: arrayRemove("east_coast")
    });

    Web

    var washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").doc("DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update({
        regions: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia")
    });
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update({
        regions: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast")
    });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.updateData([
      "regions": FieldValue.arrayUnion(["greater_virginia"])
    ])
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.updateData([
      "regions": FieldValue.arrayRemove(["east_coast"])
    ])
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
        [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    [washingtonRef updateData:@{
      @"regions": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForArrayUnion:@[@"greater_virginia"]]
    }];
    
    // Atomically remove a new region to the "regions" array field.
    [washingtonRef updateData:@{
      @"regions": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForArrayRemove:@[@"east_coast"]]
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"))
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"))

    Java

    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"));
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"));

    Dart

    final washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").doc("DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update({
      "regions": FieldValue.arrayUnion(["greater_virginia"]),
    });
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    washingtonRef.update({
      "regions": FieldValue.arrayRemove(["east_coast"]),
    });
    Java
    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> arrayUnion =
        washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayUnion("greater_virginia"));
    System.out.println("Update time : " + arrayUnion.get());
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    ApiFuture<WriteResult> arrayRm =
        washingtonRef.update("regions", FieldValue.arrayRemove("east_coast"));
    System.out.println("Update time : " + arrayRm.get());
    Python
    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    # Atomically add a new region to the 'regions' array field.
    city_ref.update({"regions": firestore.ArrayUnion(["greater_virginia"])})
    
    # // Atomically remove a region from the 'regions' array field.
    city_ref.update({"regions": firestore.ArrayRemove(["east_coast"])})

    Python

    city_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    # Atomically add a new region to the 'regions' array field.
    await city_ref.update({"regions": firestore.ArrayUnion(["greater_virginia"])})
    
    # // Atomically remove a region from the 'regions' array field.
    await city_ref.update({"regions": firestore.ArrayRemove(["east_coast"])})
    C++
    // This is not yet supported.
    Node.js
    // ...
    const washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    const unionRes = await washingtonRef.update({
      regions: FieldValue.arrayUnion('greater_virginia')
    });
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    const removeRes = await washingtonRef.update({
      regions: FieldValue.arrayRemove('east_coast')
    });
    
    // To add or remove multiple items, pass multiple arguments to arrayUnion/arrayRemove
    const multipleUnionRes = await washingtonRef.update({
      regions: FieldValue.arrayUnion('south_carolina', 'texas')
      // Alternatively, you can use spread operator in ES6 syntax
      // const newRegions = ['south_carolina', 'texas']
      // regions: FieldValue.arrayUnion(...newRegions)
    });
    Go
    // Not supported yet
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $cityRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('DC');
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    $cityRef->update([
        ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::arrayUnion(['greater_virginia'])]
    ]);
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    $cityRef->update([
        ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::arrayRemove(['east_coast'])]
    ]);
    Einheit
    // This is not yet supported in the Unity SDK
      
    C#
    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("DC");
    
    // Atomically add a new region to the "regions" array field.
    await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.ArrayUnion("greater_virginia"));
    
    // Atomically remove a region from the "regions" array field.
    await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.ArrayRemove("east_coast"));
    Ruby
    // Not supported yet

    Numerischen Wert erhöhen

    Sie können einen numerischen Feldwert erhöhen oder verringern, wie im folgenden Beispiel dargestellt. Durch einen inkrementellen Vorgang wird der aktuelle Wert eines Felds um den angegebenen Betrag erhöht oder verringert.

    Web

    import { doc, updateDoc, increment } from "firebase/firestore";
    
    const washingtonRef = doc(db, "cities", "DC");
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    await updateDoc(washingtonRef, {
        population: increment(50)
    });

    Web

    var washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    washingtonRef.update({
        population: firebase.firestore.FieldValue.increment(50)
    });
    Swift
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    let washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    // Note that increment() with no arguments increments by 1.
    washingtonRef.updateData([
      "population": FieldValue.increment(Int64(50))
    ])
    Objective-C
    Hinweis: Dieses Produkt nicht ist auf WatchOS- und App Clip-Zielen verfügbar.
    FIRDocumentReference *washingtonRef =
        [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"DC"];
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    // Note that increment() with no arguments increments by 1.
    [washingtonRef updateData:@{
      @"population": [FIRFieldValue fieldValueForIntegerIncrement:50]
    }];

    Kotlin+KTX

    val washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    washingtonRef.update("population", FieldValue.increment(50))

    Java

    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    washingtonRef.update("population", FieldValue.increment(50));

    Dart

    var washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    washingtonRef.update(
      {"population": FieldValue.increment(50)},
    );
    Java
    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.collection("cities").document("DC");
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    final ApiFuture<WriteResult> updateFuture =
        washingtonRef.update("population", FieldValue.increment(50));
    Python
    washington_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    washington_ref.update({"population": firestore.Increment(50)})

    Python

    washington_ref = db.collection("cities").document("DC")
    
    await washington_ref.update({"population": firestore.Increment(50)})
    C++
    // This is not yet supported.
    Node.js
    // ...
    const washingtonRef = db.collection('cities').doc('DC');
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    const res = await washingtonRef.update({
      population: FieldValue.increment(50)
    });
    Go
    import (
    	"context"
    	"fmt"
    
    	"cloud.google.com/go/firestore"
    )
    
    // updateDocumentIncrement increments the population of the city document in the
    // cities collection by 50.
    func updateDocumentIncrement(projectID, city string) error {
    	// projectID := "my-project"
    
    	ctx := context.Background()
    
    	client, err := firestore.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
    	if err != nil {
    		return fmt.Errorf("firestore.NewClient: %w", err)
    	}
    	defer client.Close()
    
    	dc := client.Collection("cities").Doc(city)
    	_, err = dc.Update(ctx, []firestore.Update{
    		{Path: "population", Value: firestore.Increment(50)},
    	})
    	if err != nil {
    		return fmt.Errorf("Update: %w", err)
    	}
    
    	return nil
    }
    
    PHP

    PHP

    Weitere Informationen zum Installieren und Erstellen eines Cloud Firestore-Clients finden Sie unter Cloud Firestore-Clientbibliotheken.

    $cityRef = $db->collection('samples/php/cities')->document('DC');
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    $cityRef->update([
        ['path' => 'regions', 'value' => FieldValue::increment(50)]
    ]);
    Einheit
    // This is not yet supported in the Unity SDK.
      
    C#
    DocumentReference washingtonRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("DC");
    
    // Atomically increment the population of the city by 50.
    await washingtonRef.UpdateAsync("Regions", FieldValue.Increment(50));
    Ruby
    city_ref = firestore.doc "#{collection_path}/DC"
    city_ref.update({ population: firestore.field_increment(50) })

    Inkrement-Operationen sind nützlich, um Zähler zu implementieren. Beachten Sie, dass das zu schnelle Aktualisieren eines einzelnen Dokuments zu Konflikten oder Fehlern führen kann. Wenn Sie Ihren Zähler sehr häufig aktualisieren möchten, rufen Sie die Seite Verteilte Zähler auf.