算術函式

算術函式

Cloud Firestore 中的所有算術函式都具有下列行為:

  • 如果任何輸入參數是 NULL,就會評估為 NULL
  • 如果任何引數是 NaN,計算結果會是 NaN
  • 如果發生溢位或下溢,就會產生錯誤。

此外,如果算術函式採用多個不同類型的數字引數 (例如:add(5.0, 6)),Cloud Firestore 會隱含地將引數轉換為最廣泛的輸入類型。如果只提供 INT32 輸入,傳回型別會是 INT64

名稱 說明
ABS 傳回 number 的絕對值
ADD 傳回 x + y 的值
SUBTRACT 傳回 x - y 的值
MULTIPLY 傳回 x * y 的值
DIVIDE 傳回 x / y 的值
MOD 傳回 x / y 除以 的餘數。
CEIL 傳回 number 的上限值
FLOOR 傳回 number 的底數
ROUND number 四捨五入到 places 個小數位數
POW 傳回 base^exponent 的值
SQRT 傳回 number
EXP 傳回歐拉數的 exponent 次方
LN 傳回 number 的自然對數
LOG 傳回以 10 為底的number
LOG10 傳回 number 的對數 (以 10 為底)
RAND 傳回介於 0.0 和 1.0 之間的虛擬隨機浮點數。

ABS

語法:

abs[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](number: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 number 的絕對值。

  • 如果函式會溢位 INT32INT64 值,就會擲回錯誤。

範例:

數字 abs(number)
10 10
-10 10
10L 10L
-0.0 0.0
10.5 10.5
-10.5 10.5
-231 [error]
-263 [error]

新增

語法:

add[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](x: N, y: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 x + y 的值。

範例:

x add(x, y)
20 3 23
10.0 1 11.0
22.5 2.0 24.5
INT64.MAX 1 [error]
INT64.MIN -1 [error]

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("soldBooks").add(field("unsoldBooks")).as("totalBooks"))
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("soldBooks").add(Field("unsoldBooks")).as("totalBooks")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.add(field("soldBooks"), field("unsoldBooks")).alias("totalBooks"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.add(field("soldBooks"), field("unsoldBooks")).alias("totalBooks"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("soldBooks").add(Field.of("unsoldBooks")).as_("totalBooks"))
    .execute()
)

SUBTRACT

語法:

subtract[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](x: N, y: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 x - y 的值。

範例:

x subtract(x, y)
20 3 17
10.0 1 9.0
22.5 2.0 20.5
INT64.MAX -1 [error]
INT64.MIN 1 [error]

Web

const storeCredit = 7;
const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("price").subtract(constant(storeCredit)).as("totalCost"))
);
Swift
let storeCredit = 7
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("price").subtract(Constant(storeCredit)).as("totalCost")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val storeCredit = 7
val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.subtract(field("price"), storeCredit).alias("totalCost"))
    .execute()

Java

int storeCredit = 7;
Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.subtract(field("price"), storeCredit).alias("totalCost"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

store_credit = 7
result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("price").subtract(store_credit).as_("totalCost"))
    .execute()
)

MULTIPLY

語法:

multiply[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](x: N, y: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 x * y 的值。

範例:

x multiply(x, y)
20 3 60
10.0 1 10.0
22.5 2.0 45.0
INT64.MAX 2 [error]
INT64.MIN 2 [error]
FLOAT64.MAX FLOAT64.MAX +inf

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("price").multiply(field("soldBooks")).as("revenue"))
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("price").multiply(Field("soldBooks")).as("revenue")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.multiply(field("price"), field("soldBooks")).alias("revenue"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.multiply(field("price"), field("soldBooks")).alias("revenue"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("price").multiply(Field.of("soldBooks")).as_("revenue"))
    .execute()
)

DIVIDE

語法:

divide[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](x: N, y: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 x / y 的值。整數除法會截斷。

範例:

x divide(x, y)
20 3 6
10.0 3 3.333...
22.5 2 11.25
10 0 [error]
1.0 0.0 +inf
-1.0 0.0 -inf

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("ratings").divide(field("soldBooks")).as("reviewRate"))
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("ratings").divide(Field("soldBooks")).as("reviewRate")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.divide(field("ratings"), field("soldBooks")).alias("reviewRate"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.divide(field("ratings"), field("soldBooks")).alias("reviewRate"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("ratings").divide(Field.of("soldBooks")).as_("reviewRate"))
    .execute()
)

MOD

語法:

mod[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](x: N, y: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 x / y 的餘數。

  • 如果整數型別 (INT64) 的 y 為零,則會擲回 error
  • 如果浮點類型 (FLOAT64) 的 y 為零,就會傳回 NaN

範例:

x mod(x, y)
20 3 2
-10 3 -1
10 -3 1
-10 -3 -1
10 1 0
22.5 2 0.5
22.5 0.0 NaN
25 0 [error]

Web

const displayCapacity = 1000;
const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("unsoldBooks").mod(constant(displayCapacity)).as("warehousedBooks"))
);
Swift
let displayCapacity = 1000
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("unsoldBooks").mod(Constant(displayCapacity)).as("warehousedBooks")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val displayCapacity = 1000
val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.mod(field("unsoldBooks"), displayCapacity).alias("warehousedBooks"))
    .execute()

Java

int displayCapacity = 1000;
Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.mod(field("unsoldBooks"), displayCapacity).alias("warehousedBooks"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

display_capacity = 1000
result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("unsoldBooks").mod(display_capacity).as_("warehousedBooks"))
    .execute()
)

CEIL

語法:

ceil[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](number: N) -> N

說明:

傳回大於或等於 number 的最小整數值。

範例:

數字 ceil(number)
20 20
10 10
0 0
24L 24L
-0.4 -0.0
0.4 1.0
22.5 23.0
+inf +inf
-inf -inf

Web

const booksPerShelf = 100;
const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(
    field("unsoldBooks").divide(constant(booksPerShelf)).ceil().as("requiredShelves")
  )
);
Swift
let booksPerShelf = 100
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([
    Field("unsoldBooks").divide(Constant(booksPerShelf)).ceil().as("requiredShelves")
  ])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val booksPerShelf = 100
val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(
        Expression.divide(field("unsoldBooks"), booksPerShelf).ceil().alias("requiredShelves")
    )
    .execute()

Java

int booksPerShelf = 100;
Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(
        Expression.divide(field("unsoldBooks"), booksPerShelf).ceil().alias("requiredShelves")
    )
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

books_per_shelf = 100
result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(
        Field.of("unsoldBooks")
        .divide(books_per_shelf)
        .ceil()
        .as_("requiredShelves")
    )
    .execute()
)

FLOOR

語法:

floor[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64](number: N) -> N

說明:

傳回不大於 number 的最大整數值。

範例:

數字 floor(number)
20 20
10 10
0 0
2147483648 2147483648
-0.4 -1.0
0.4 0.0
22.5 22.0
+inf +inf
-inf -inf

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .addFields(
    field("wordCount").divide(field("pages")).floor().as("wordsPerPage")
  )
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .addFields([
    Field("wordCount").divide(Field("pages")).floor().as("wordsPerPage")
  ])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .addFields(
        Expression.divide(field("wordCount"), field("pages")).floor().alias("wordsPerPage")
    )
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .addFields(
        Expression.divide(field("wordCount"), field("pages")).floor().alias("wordsPerPage")
    )
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .add_fields(
        Field.of("wordCount").divide(Field.of("pages")).floor().as_("wordsPerPage")
    )
    .execute()
)

ROUND

語法:

round[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64 | DECIMAL128](number: N) -> N
round[N <: INT32 | INT64 | FLOAT64 | DECIMAL128](number: N, places: INT64) -> N

說明:

places 位數的 number 捨去。如果 places 為正數,則會將小數點右側的數字進位或捨去;如果為負數,則會將小數點左側的數字進位或捨去。

  • 如果只提供 number,則會四捨五入至最接近的整數值。
  • 原則為四捨五入。
  • 如果使用負數 places 值進行捨入作業時發生溢位,系統會擲回 error

範例:

數字 地點 round(number, places)
15.5 0 16.0
-15.5 0 -16.0
15 1 15
15 0 15
15 -1 20
15 -2 0
15.48924 1 15.5
231-1 -1 [error]
263-1L -1 [error]

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("soldBooks").multiply(field("price")).round().as("partialRevenue"))
  .aggregate(field("partialRevenue").sum().as("totalRevenue"))
  );
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("soldBooks").multiply(Field("price")).round().as("partialRevenue")])
  .aggregate([Field("partialRevenue").sum().as("totalRevenue")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.multiply(field("soldBooks"), field("price")).round().alias("partialRevenue"))
    .aggregate(AggregateFunction.sum("partialRevenue").alias("totalRevenue"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Expression.multiply(field("soldBooks"), field("price")).round().alias("partialRevenue"))
    .aggregate(AggregateFunction.sum("partialRevenue").alias("totalRevenue"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(
        Field.of("soldBooks")
        .multiply(Field.of("price"))
        .round()
        .as_("partialRevenue")
    )
    .aggregate(Field.of("partialRevenue").sum().as_("totalRevenue"))
    .execute()
)

POW

語法:

pow(base: FLOAT64, exponent: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64

說明:

傳回 baseexponent 次方。

  • 如果 base <= 0exponent 為負數,則會擲回錯誤。

  • 對於任何 exponentpow(1, exponent) 為 1。

  • 對於任何 basepow(base, 0) 為 1。

範例:

base 指數 pow(base, exponent)
2 3 8.0
2 -3 0.125
+inf 0 1.0
1 +inf 1.0
-1 0.5 [error]
0 -1 [error]

Web

const googleplex = { latitude: 37.4221, longitude: 122.0853 };
const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("cities")
  .addFields(
    field("lat").subtract(constant(googleplex.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("latitudeDifference"),
    field("lng").subtract(constant(googleplex.longitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("longitudeDifference")
  )
  .select(
    field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
      // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
      .as("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
  )
);
Swift
let googleplex = CLLocation(latitude: 37.4221, longitude: 122.0853)
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("cities")
  .addFields([
    Field("lat").subtract(Constant(googleplex.coordinate.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("latitudeDifference"),
    Field("lng").subtract(Constant(googleplex.coordinate.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("longitudeDifference")
  ])
  .select([
    Field("latitudeDifference").add(Field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
      // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
      .as("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
  ])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val googleplex = GeoPoint(37.4221, -122.0853)
val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .addFields(
        field("lat").subtract(googleplex.latitude)
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("latitudeDifference"),
        field("lng").subtract(googleplex.longitude)
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("longitudeDifference")
    )
    .select(
        field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
            // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
            .alias("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute()

Java

GeoPoint googleplex = new GeoPoint(37.4221, -122.0853);
Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .addFields(
        field("lat").subtract(googleplex.getLatitude())
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("latitudeDifference"),
        field("lng").subtract(googleplex.getLongitude())
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("longitudeDifference")
    )
    .select(
        field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
            // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
            .alias("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

googleplexLat = 37.4221
googleplexLng = -122.0853
result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .add_fields(
        Field.of("lat")
        .subtract(googleplexLat)
        .multiply(111)  # km per degree
        .pow(2)
        .as_("latitudeDifference"),
        Field.of("lng")
        .subtract(googleplexLng)
        .multiply(111)  # km per degree
        .pow(2)
        .as_("longitudeDifference"),
    )
    .select(
        Field.of("latitudeDifference")
        .add(Field.of("longitudeDifference"))
        .sqrt()
        # Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
        .as_("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute()
)

SQRT

語法:

sqrt[N <: FLOAT64 | DECIMAL128](number: N) -> N

說明:

傳回 number 的平方根。

  • 如果 number 為負數,則會擲回 error

範例:

數字 sqrt(number)
25 5.0
12.002 3.464...
0.0 0.0
NaN NaN
+inf +inf
-inf [error]
x < 0 [error]

Web

const googleplex = { latitude: 37.4221, longitude: 122.0853 };
const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("cities")
  .addFields(
    field("lat").subtract(constant(googleplex.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("latitudeDifference"),
    field("lng").subtract(constant(googleplex.longitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("longitudeDifference")
  )
  .select(
    field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
      // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
      .as("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
  )
);
Swift
let googleplex = CLLocation(latitude: 37.4221, longitude: 122.0853)
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("cities")
  .addFields([
    Field("lat").subtract(Constant(googleplex.coordinate.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("latitudeDifference"),
    Field("lng").subtract(Constant(googleplex.coordinate.latitude))
      .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
      .pow(2)
      .as("longitudeDifference")
  ])
  .select([
    Field("latitudeDifference").add(Field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
      // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
      .as("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
  ])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val googleplex = GeoPoint(37.4221, -122.0853)
val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .addFields(
        field("lat").subtract(googleplex.latitude)
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("latitudeDifference"),
        field("lng").subtract(googleplex.longitude)
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("longitudeDifference")
    )
    .select(
        field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
            // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
            .alias("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute()

Java

GeoPoint googleplex = new GeoPoint(37.4221, -122.0853);
Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .addFields(
        field("lat").subtract(googleplex.getLatitude())
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("latitudeDifference"),
        field("lng").subtract(googleplex.getLongitude())
            .multiply(111 /* km per degree */)
            .pow(2)
            .alias("longitudeDifference")
    )
    .select(
        field("latitudeDifference").add(field("longitudeDifference")).sqrt()
            // Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
            .alias("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

googleplexLat = 37.4221
googleplexLng = -122.0853
result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("cities")
    .add_fields(
        Field.of("lat")
        .subtract(googleplexLat)
        .multiply(111)  # km per degree
        .pow(2)
        .as_("latitudeDifference"),
        Field.of("lng")
        .subtract(googleplexLng)
        .multiply(111)  # km per degree
        .pow(2)
        .as_("longitudeDifference"),
    )
    .select(
        Field.of("latitudeDifference")
        .add(Field.of("longitudeDifference"))
        .sqrt()
        # Inaccurate for large distances or close to poles
        .as_("approximateDistanceToGoogle")
    )
    .execute()
)

匯出

語法:

exp(exponent: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64

說明:

傳回歐拉數的 exponent 次方值,也稱為自然指數函式。

範例:

指數 exp(exponent)
0.0 1.0
10 e^10 (FLOAT64)
+inf +inf
-inf 0

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("rating").exp().as("expRating"))
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("rating").exp().as("expRating")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(field("rating").exp().alias("expRating"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(field("rating").exp().alias("expRating"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("rating").exp().as_("expRating"))
    .execute()
)

LN

語法:

ln(number: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64

說明:

傳回 number 的自然對數。這個函式等同於 log(number)

範例:

數字 ln(number)
1 0.0
2L 0.693...
1.0 0.0
e (FLOAT64) 1.0
-inf NaN
+inf +inf
x <= 0 [error]

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select(field("rating").ln().as("lnRating"))
);
Swift
let result = try await db.pipeline()
  .collection("books")
  .select([Field("rating").ln().as("lnRating")])
  .execute()

Kotlin

val result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(field("rating").ln().alias("lnRating"))
    .execute()

Java

Task<Pipeline.Snapshot> result = db.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(field("rating").ln().alias("lnRating"))
    .execute();
    
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import Field

result = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("books")
    .select(Field.of("rating").ln().as_("lnRating"))
    .execute()
)

LOG

語法:

log(number: FLOAT64, base: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64
log(number: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64

說明:

傳回 number 的對數 (以 base 為底)。

  • 如果只提供 number,則會傳回 numberbase 為底的對數 (與 ln(number) 同義)。

範例:

數字 base log(number, base)
100 10 2.0
-inf Numeric NaN
Numeric +inf NaN
number <= 0 Numeric [error]
Numeric base <= 0 [error]
Numeric 1.0 [error]

LOG10

語法:

log10(x: FLOAT64) -> FLOAT64

說明:

傳回 number10 為底的對數。

範例:

數字 log10(number)
100 2.0
-inf NaN
+inf +inf
x <= 0 [error]

RAND

語法:

rand() -> FLOAT64

說明:

Return a pseudo-random floating point number, chosen uniformly between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive).