您可以透過三種方式擷取儲存在 Cloud Firestore 中的資料。任一 這些方法可用於文件、文件集合或 查詢結果:
- 呼叫方法來取得資料一次。
- 設定用於接收資料變更事件的事件監聽器。
- 透過以下方式從外部來源載入大量 Firestore 快照資料: 資料組合。詳情請參閱套裝組合說明文件 詳細資料。
設定事件監聽器時,Cloud Firestore 會將初始值傳送給事件監聽器 ,然後每次文件變更時再建立另一個快照。
事前準備
請參閱開始使用 Cloud Firestore, 建立 Cloud Firestore 資料庫初始化 Cloud Firestore
初始化 Cloud Firestore 的執行個體:
Web
import { initializeApp } from "firebase/app"; import { getFirestore } from "firebase/firestore"; // TODO: Replace the following with your app's Firebase project configuration // See: https://support.google.com/firebase/answer/7015592 const firebaseConfig = { FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION }; // Initialize Firebase const app = initializeApp(firebaseConfig); // Initialize Cloud Firestore and get a reference to the service const db = getFirestore(app);
將 FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION 替換為網頁應用程式
firebaseConfig
。
如要在裝置連線中斷時保留資料,請參閱啟用離線資料說明文件。
Web
import firebase from "firebase/app"; import "firebase/firestore"; // TODO: Replace the following with your app's Firebase project configuration // See: https://support.google.com/firebase/answer/7015592 const firebaseConfig = { FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION }; // Initialize Firebase firebase.initializeApp(firebaseConfig); // Initialize Cloud Firestore and get a reference to the service const db = firebase.firestore();
將 FIREBASE_CONFIGURATION 替換為網頁應用程式
firebaseConfig
。
如要在裝置連線中斷時保留資料,請參閱啟用離線資料說明文件。
Swift
import FirebaseCore import FirebaseFirestore
FirebaseApp.configure() let db = Firestore.firestore()
Objective-C
@import FirebaseCore; @import FirebaseFirestore; // Use Firebase library to configure APIs [FIRApp configure];
FIRFirestore *defaultFirestore = [FIRFirestore firestore];
Kotlin+KTX
// Access a Cloud Firestore instance from your Activity
val db = Firebase.firestore
Java
// Access a Cloud Firestore instance from your Activity
FirebaseFirestore db = FirebaseFirestore.getInstance();
Dart
db = FirebaseFirestore.instance;
Java
Cloud Firestore SDK 的初始化方式會根據 您的環境。最常見的做法如下。如需完整參考資料 看 初始化 Admin SDK:import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import com.google.cloud.firestore.Firestore; import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp; import com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions; // Use the application default credentials GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.getApplicationDefault(); FirebaseOptions options = new FirebaseOptions.Builder() .setCredentials(credentials) .setProjectId(projectId) .build(); FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options); Firestore db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
如要在自己的伺服器上使用 Firebase Admin SDK,請使用 服務帳戶
前往 IAM 與管理員 >服務帳戶 也能前往 Google Cloud 控制台產生新的私密金鑰並儲存 JSON 檔案。然後使用該檔案初始化 SDK:
import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials; import com.google.cloud.firestore.Firestore; import com.google.firebase.FirebaseApp; import com.google.firebase.FirebaseOptions; // Use a service account InputStream serviceAccount = new FileInputStream("path/to/serviceAccount.json"); GoogleCredentials credentials = GoogleCredentials.fromStream(serviceAccount); FirebaseOptions options = new FirebaseOptions.Builder() .setCredentials(credentials) .build(); FirebaseApp.initializeApp(options); Firestore db = FirestoreClient.getFirestore();
Python
Cloud Firestore SDK 的初始化方式會根據 您的環境。最常見的做法如下。如需完整參考資料 看 初始化 Admin SDK:import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import firestore # Application Default credentials are automatically created. app = firebase_admin.initialize_app() db = firestore.client()
現有的應用程式預設憑證也可用來初始化 SDK。
import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import credentials from firebase_admin import firestore # Use the application default credentials. cred = credentials.ApplicationDefault() firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred) db = firestore.client()
如要在自己的伺服器上使用 Firebase Admin SDK,請使用 服務帳戶
前往 IAM 與管理員 >服務帳戶 也能前往 Google Cloud 控制台產生新的私密金鑰並儲存 JSON 檔案。然後使用該檔案初始化 SDK:
import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import credentials from firebase_admin import firestore # Use a service account. cred = credentials.Certificate('path/to/serviceAccount.json') app = firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred) db = firestore.client()
Python
Cloud Firestore SDK 的初始化方式會根據 您的環境。最常見的做法如下。如需完整參考資料 看 初始化 Admin SDK:import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import firestore_async # Application Default credentials are automatically created. app = firebase_admin.initialize_app() db = firestore_async.client()
現有的應用程式預設憑證也可用來初始化 SDK。
import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import credentials from firebase_admin import firestore_async # Use the application default credentials. cred = credentials.ApplicationDefault() firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred) db = firestore_async.client()
如要在自己的伺服器上使用 Firebase Admin SDK,請使用 服務帳戶
前往 IAM 與管理員 >服務帳戶 也能前往 Google Cloud 控制台產生新的私密金鑰並儲存 JSON 檔案。然後使用該檔案初始化 SDK:
import firebase_admin from firebase_admin import credentials from firebase_admin import firestore_async # Use a service account. cred = credentials.Certificate('path/to/serviceAccount.json') app = firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred) db = firestore_async.client()
C++
// Make sure the call to `Create()` happens some time before you call Firestore::GetInstance(). App::Create(); Firestore* db = Firestore::GetInstance();
Node.js
Cloud Firestore SDK 的初始化方式會根據 您的環境。最常見的做法如下。如需完整參考資料 看 初始化 Admin SDK:-
在 Cloud Functions 上初始化
const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app'); const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
initializeApp(); const db = getFirestore();
-
在 Google Cloud 上初始化
const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app'); const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
initializeApp({ credential: applicationDefault() }); const db = getFirestore();
-
在自己的伺服器上初始化
如要在自己的伺服器 (或任何其他 Node.js 環境) 上使用 Firebase Admin SDK, 請使用服務帳戶。 前往 IAM 與管理員 >服務帳戶。產生新的私密金鑰並儲存 JSON 檔案。然後使用該檔案初始化 SDK:
const { initializeApp, applicationDefault, cert } = require('firebase-admin/app'); const { getFirestore, Timestamp, FieldValue, Filter } = require('firebase-admin/firestore');
const serviceAccount = require('./path/to/serviceAccountKey.json'); initializeApp({ credential: cert(serviceAccount) }); const db = getFirestore();
Go
Cloud Firestore SDK 的初始化方式會根據 您的環境。最常見的做法如下。如需完整參考資料 看 初始化 Admin SDK:import ( "log" firebase "firebase.google.com/go" "google.golang.org/api/option" ) // Use the application default credentials ctx := context.Background() conf := &firebase.Config{ProjectID: projectID} app, err := firebase.NewApp(ctx, conf) if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } client, err := app.Firestore(ctx) if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } defer client.Close()
如要在自己的伺服器上使用 Firebase Admin SDK,請使用 服務帳戶
前往 IAM 與管理員 >服務帳戶 也能前往 Google Cloud 控制台產生新的私密金鑰並儲存 JSON 檔案。然後使用該檔案初始化 SDK:
import ( "log" firebase "firebase.google.com/go" "google.golang.org/api/option" ) // Use a service account ctx := context.Background() sa := option.WithCredentialsFile("path/to/serviceAccount.json") app, err := firebase.NewApp(ctx, nil, sa) if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } client, err := app.Firestore(ctx) if err != nil { log.Fatalln(err) } defer client.Close()
PHP
PHP
如要進一步瞭解如何安裝及建立 Cloud Firestore 用戶端,請參閱 Cloud Firestore 用戶端程式庫。
Unity
using Firebase.Firestore; using Firebase.Extensions;
FirebaseFirestore db = FirebaseFirestore.DefaultInstance;
C#
C#
如要進一步瞭解如何安裝及建立 Cloud Firestore 用戶端,請參閱 Cloud Firestore 用戶端程式庫。
Ruby
資料範例
一開始請先撰寫一些城市相關資料,以便我們瞭解 朗讀:
Web
import { collection, doc, setDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; const citiesRef = collection(db, "cities"); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "SF"), { name: "San Francisco", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 860000, regions: ["west_coast", "norcal"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "LA"), { name: "Los Angeles", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 3900000, regions: ["west_coast", "socal"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "DC"), { name: "Washington, D.C.", state: null, country: "USA", capital: true, population: 680000, regions: ["east_coast"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "TOK"), { name: "Tokyo", state: null, country: "Japan", capital: true, population: 9000000, regions: ["kanto", "honshu"] }); await setDoc(doc(citiesRef, "BJ"), { name: "Beijing", state: null, country: "China", capital: true, population: 21500000, regions: ["jingjinji", "hebei"] });
Web
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities"); citiesRef.doc("SF").set({ name: "San Francisco", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 860000, regions: ["west_coast", "norcal"] }); citiesRef.doc("LA").set({ name: "Los Angeles", state: "CA", country: "USA", capital: false, population: 3900000, regions: ["west_coast", "socal"] }); citiesRef.doc("DC").set({ name: "Washington, D.C.", state: null, country: "USA", capital: true, population: 680000, regions: ["east_coast"] }); citiesRef.doc("TOK").set({ name: "Tokyo", state: null, country: "Japan", capital: true, population: 9000000, regions: ["kanto", "honshu"] }); citiesRef.doc("BJ").set({ name: "Beijing", state: null, country: "China", capital: true, population: 21500000, regions: ["jingjinji", "hebei"] });
Swift
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities") citiesRef.document("SF").setData([ "name": "San Francisco", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 860000, "regions": ["west_coast", "norcal"] ]) citiesRef.document("LA").setData([ "name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 3900000, "regions": ["west_coast", "socal"] ]) citiesRef.document("DC").setData([ "name": "Washington D.C.", "country": "USA", "capital": true, "population": 680000, "regions": ["east_coast"] ]) citiesRef.document("TOK").setData([ "name": "Tokyo", "country": "Japan", "capital": true, "population": 9000000, "regions": ["kanto", "honshu"] ]) citiesRef.document("BJ").setData([ "name": "Beijing", "country": "China", "capital": true, "population": 21500000, "regions": ["jingjinji", "hebei"] ])
Objective-C
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"SF"] setData:@{ @"name": @"San Francisco", @"state": @"CA", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(NO), @"population": @860000, @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"norcal"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"LA"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Los Angeles", @"state": @"CA", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(NO), @"population": @3900000, @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"socal"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"DC"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Washington D.C.", @"country": @"USA", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @680000, @"regions": @[@"east_coast"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"TOK"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Tokyo", @"country": @"Japan", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @9000000, @"regions": @[@"kanto", @"honshu"] }]; [[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"BJ"] setData:@{ @"name": @"Beijing", @"country": @"China", @"capital": @(YES), @"population": @21500000, @"regions": @[@"jingjinji", @"hebei"] }];
Kotlin+KTX
val cities = db.collection("cities") val data1 = hashMapOf( "name" to "San Francisco", "state" to "CA", "country" to "USA", "capital" to false, "population" to 860000, "regions" to listOf("west_coast", "norcal"), ) cities.document("SF").set(data1) val data2 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Los Angeles", "state" to "CA", "country" to "USA", "capital" to false, "population" to 3900000, "regions" to listOf("west_coast", "socal"), ) cities.document("LA").set(data2) val data3 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Washington D.C.", "state" to null, "country" to "USA", "capital" to true, "population" to 680000, "regions" to listOf("east_coast"), ) cities.document("DC").set(data3) val data4 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Tokyo", "state" to null, "country" to "Japan", "capital" to true, "population" to 9000000, "regions" to listOf("kanto", "honshu"), ) cities.document("TOK").set(data4) val data5 = hashMapOf( "name" to "Beijing", "state" to null, "country" to "China", "capital" to true, "population" to 21500000, "regions" to listOf("jingjinji", "hebei"), ) cities.document("BJ").set(data5)
Java
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities"); Map<String, Object> data1 = new HashMap<>(); data1.put("name", "San Francisco"); data1.put("state", "CA"); data1.put("country", "USA"); data1.put("capital", false); data1.put("population", 860000); data1.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "norcal")); cities.document("SF").set(data1); Map<String, Object> data2 = new HashMap<>(); data2.put("name", "Los Angeles"); data2.put("state", "CA"); data2.put("country", "USA"); data2.put("capital", false); data2.put("population", 3900000); data2.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal")); cities.document("LA").set(data2); Map<String, Object> data3 = new HashMap<>(); data3.put("name", "Washington D.C."); data3.put("state", null); data3.put("country", "USA"); data3.put("capital", true); data3.put("population", 680000); data3.put("regions", Arrays.asList("east_coast")); cities.document("DC").set(data3); Map<String, Object> data4 = new HashMap<>(); data4.put("name", "Tokyo"); data4.put("state", null); data4.put("country", "Japan"); data4.put("capital", true); data4.put("population", 9000000); data4.put("regions", Arrays.asList("kanto", "honshu")); cities.document("TOK").set(data4); Map<String, Object> data5 = new HashMap<>(); data5.put("name", "Beijing"); data5.put("state", null); data5.put("country", "China"); data5.put("capital", true); data5.put("population", 21500000); data5.put("regions", Arrays.asList("jingjinji", "hebei")); cities.document("BJ").set(data5);
Dart
final cities = db.collection("cities"); final data1 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "San Francisco", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 860000, "regions": ["west_coast", "norcal"] }; cities.doc("SF").set(data1); final data2 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Los Angeles", "state": "CA", "country": "USA", "capital": false, "population": 3900000, "regions": ["west_coast", "socal"], }; cities.doc("LA").set(data2); final data3 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Washington D.C.", "state": null, "country": "USA", "capital": true, "population": 680000, "regions": ["east_coast"] }; cities.doc("DC").set(data3); final data4 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Tokyo", "state": null, "country": "Japan", "capital": true, "population": 9000000, "regions": ["kanto", "honshu"] }; cities.doc("TOK").set(data4); final data5 = <String, dynamic>{ "name": "Beijing", "state": null, "country": "China", "capital": true, "population": 21500000, "regions": ["jingjinji", "hebei"], }; cities.doc("BJ").set(data5);
Java
Python
class City: def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0, regions=[]): self.name = name self.state = state self.country = country self.capital = capital self.population = population self.regions = regions @staticmethod def from_dict(source): # ... def to_dict(self): # ... def __repr__(self): return f"City(\ name={self.name}, \ country={self.country}, \ population={self.population}, \ capital={self.capital}, \ regions={self.regions}\ )"
cities_ref = db.collection("cities") cities_ref.document("BJ").set( City("Beijing", None, "China", True, 21500000, ["hebei"]).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("SF").set( City( "San Francisco", "CA", "USA", False, 860000, ["west_coast", "norcal"] ).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("LA").set( City( "Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", False, 3900000, ["west_coast", "socal"] ).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("DC").set( City("Washington D.C.", None, "USA", True, 680000, ["east_coast"]).to_dict() ) cities_ref.document("TOK").set( City("Tokyo", None, "Japan", True, 9000000, ["kanto", "honshu"]).to_dict() )
Python
C++
CollectionReference cities = db->Collection("cities"); cities.Document("SF").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("San Francisco")}, {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(false)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(860000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("norcal")})}, }); cities.Document("LA").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Los Angeles")}, {"state", FieldValue::String("CA")}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(false)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(3900000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("west_coast"), FieldValue::String("socal")})}, }); cities.Document("DC").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Washington D.C.")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("USA")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(680000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("east_coast")})}, }); cities.Document("TOK").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Tokyo")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("Japan")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(9000000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("kanto"), FieldValue::String("honshu")})}, }); cities.Document("BJ").Set({ {"name", FieldValue::String("Beijing")}, {"state", FieldValue::Null()}, {"country", FieldValue::String("China")}, {"capital", FieldValue::Boolean(true)}, {"population", FieldValue::Integer(21500000)}, {"regions", FieldValue::Array({FieldValue::String("jingjinji"), FieldValue::String("hebei")})}, });
Node.js
Go
PHP
PHP
如要進一步瞭解如何安裝及建立 Cloud Firestore 用戶端,請參閱 Cloud Firestore 用戶端程式庫。
Unity
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities"); citiesRef.Document("SF").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "San Francisco" }, { "State", "CA" }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", false }, { "Population", 860000 } }).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => citiesRef.Document("LA").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Los Angeles" }, { "State", "CA" }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", false }, { "Population", 3900000 } }) ).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => citiesRef.Document("DC").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Washington D.C." }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "USA" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 680000 } }) ).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => citiesRef.Document("TOK").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Tokyo" }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "Japan" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 9000000 } }) ).ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => citiesRef.Document("BJ").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){ { "Name", "Beijing" }, { "State", null }, { "Country", "China" }, { "Capital", true }, { "Population", 21500000 } }) );
C#
Ruby
取得文件
以下範例說明如何擷取單一文件的內容
使用 get()
:
Web
import { doc, getDoc } from "firebase/firestore"; const docRef = doc(db, "cities", "SF"); const docSnap = await getDoc(docRef); if (docSnap.exists()) { console.log("Document data:", docSnap.data()); } else { // docSnap.data() will be undefined in this case console.log("No such document!"); }
Web
var docRef = db.collection("cities").doc("SF"); docRef.get().then((doc) => { if (doc.exists) { console.log("Document data:", doc.data()); } else { // doc.data() will be undefined in this case console.log("No such document!"); } }).catch((error) => { console.log("Error getting document:", error); });
Swift
let docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF") do { let document = try await docRef.getDocument() if document.exists { let dataDescription = document.data().map(String.init(describing:)) ?? "nil" print("Document data: \(dataDescription)") } else { print("Document does not exist") } } catch { print("Error getting document: \(error)") }
Objective-C
FIRDocumentReference *docRef = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"SF"]; [docRef getDocumentWithCompletion:^(FIRDocumentSnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) { if (snapshot.exists) { // Document data may be nil if the document exists but has no keys or values. NSLog(@"Document data: %@", snapshot.data); } else { NSLog(@"Document does not exist"); } }];
Kotlin+KTX
val docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF") docRef.get() .addOnSuccessListener { document -> if (document != null) { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot data: ${document.data}") } else { Log.d(TAG, "No such document") } } .addOnFailureListener { exception -> Log.d(TAG, "get failed with ", exception) }
Java
DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF"); docRef.get().addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<DocumentSnapshot>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<DocumentSnapshot> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { DocumentSnapshot document = task.getResult(); if (document.exists()) { Log.d(TAG, "DocumentSnapshot data: " + document.getData()); } else { Log.d(TAG, "No such document"); } } else { Log.d(TAG, "get failed with ", task.getException()); } } });
Dart
final docRef = db.collection("cities").doc("SF"); docRef.get().then( (DocumentSnapshot doc) { final data = doc.data() as Map<String, dynamic>; // ... }, onError: (e) => print("Error getting document: $e"), );
Java
Python
Python
C++
DocumentReference doc_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("SF"); doc_ref.Get().OnCompletion([](const Future<DocumentSnapshot>& future) { if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) { const DocumentSnapshot& document = *future.result(); if (document.exists()) { std::cout << "DocumentSnapshot id: " << document.id() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "no such document" << std::endl; } } else { std::cout << "Get failed with: " << future.error_message() << std::endl; } });
Node.js
Go
PHP
PHP
如要進一步瞭解如何安裝及建立 Cloud Firestore 用戶端,請參閱 Cloud Firestore 用戶端程式庫。
Unity
DocumentReference docRef = db.Collection("cities").Document("SF"); docRef.GetSnapshotAsync().ContinueWithOnMainThread(task => { DocumentSnapshot snapshot = task.Result; if (snapshot.Exists) { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document data for {0} document:", snapshot.Id)); Dictionary<string, object> city = snapshot.ToDictionary(); foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> pair in city) { Debug.Log(String.Format("{0}: {1}", pair.Key, pair.Value)); } } else { Debug.Log(String.Format("Document {0} does not exist!", snapshot.Id)); } });
C#
Ruby
來源選項
針對支援離線功能的平台,您可以將 source
選項設為
get
呼叫如何使用離線快取
根據預設,get
呼叫會嘗試擷取下列來源的最新文件快照:
資料庫。在支援離線功能的平台上,用戶端程式庫會使用
在無法連線或要求逾時的情況下,離線快取。
您可以在 get()
呼叫中指定 source
選項以變更
預設行為您只能從資料庫擷取,並忽略
您也可以從離線快取中擷取。例如:
Web
import { doc, getDocFromCache } from "firebase/firestore"; const docRef = doc(db, "cities", "SF"); // Get a document, forcing the SDK to fetch from the offline cache. try { const doc = await getDocFromCache(docRef); // Document was found in the cache. If no cached document exists, // an error will be returned to the 'catch' block below. console.log("Cached document data:", doc.data()); } catch (e) { console.log("Error getting cached document:", e); }
Web
var docRef = db.collection("cities").doc("SF"); // Valid options for source are 'server', 'cache', or // 'default'. See https://firebase.google.com/docs/reference/js/v8/firebase.firestore.GetOptions // for more information. var getOptions = { source: 'cache' }; // Get a document, forcing the SDK to fetch from the offline cache. docRef.get(getOptions).then((doc) => { // Document was found in the cache. If no cached document exists, // an error will be returned to the 'catch' block below. console.log("Cached document data:", doc.data()); }).catch((error) => { console.log("Error getting cached document:", error); });
Swift
let docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF") do { // Force the SDK to fetch the document from the cache. Could also specify // FirestoreSource.server or FirestoreSource.default. let document = try await docRef.getDocument(source: .cache) if document.exists { let dataDescription = document.data().map(String.init(describing:)) ?? "nil" print("Cached document data: \(dataDescription)") } else { print("Document does not exist in cache") } } catch { print("Error getting document: \(error)") }
Objective-C
FIRDocumentReference *docRef = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"SF"]; // Force the SDK to fetch the document from the cache. Could also specify // FIRFirestoreSourceServer or FIRFirestoreSourceDefault. [docRef getDocumentWithSource:FIRFirestoreSourceCache completion:^(FIRDocumentSnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) { if (snapshot != NULL) { // The document data was found in the cache. NSLog(@"Cached document data: %@", snapshot.data); } else { // The document data was not found in the cache. NSLog(@"Document does not exist in cache: %@", error); } }];
Kotlin+KTX
val docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF") // Source can be CACHE, SERVER, or DEFAULT. val source = Source.CACHE // Get the document, forcing the SDK to use the offline cache docRef.get(source).addOnCompleteListener { task -> if (task.isSuccessful) { // Document found in the offline cache val document = task.result Log.d(TAG, "Cached document data: ${document?.data}") } else { Log.d(TAG, "Cached get failed: ", task.exception) } }
Java
DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("SF"); // Source can be CACHE, SERVER, or DEFAULT. Source source = Source.CACHE; // Get the document, forcing the SDK to use the offline cache docRef.get(source).addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<DocumentSnapshot>() { @Override public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<DocumentSnapshot> task) { if (task.isSuccessful()) { // Document found in the offline cache DocumentSnapshot document = task.getResult(); Log.d(TAG, "Cached document data: " + document.getData()); } else { Log.d(TAG, "Cached get failed: ", task.getException()); } } });
Dart
final docRef = db.collection("cities").doc("SF"); // Source can be CACHE, SERVER, or DEFAULT. const source = Source.cache; docRef.get(const GetOptions(source: source)).then( (res) => print("Successfully completed"), onError: (e) => print("Error completing: $e"), );
Java
Java SDK 不支援。
Python
Python SDK 不支援。
C++
DocumentReference doc_ref = db->Collection("cities").Document("SF"); Source source = Source::kCache; doc_ref.Get(source).OnCompletion([](const Future<DocumentSnapshot>& future) { if (future.error() == Error::kErrorOk) { const DocumentSnapshot& document = *future.result(); if (document.exists()) { std::cout << "Cached document id: " << document.id() << std::endl; } else { } } else { std::cout << "Cached get failed: " << future.error_message() << std::endl; } });
Node.js
Node.js SDK 不支援。
Go
Go SDK 不支援。
PHP
PHP SDK 不支援。
Unity
Unity SDK 不支援。
C#
C# SDK 不支援。
Ruby
Ruby SDK 不支援。
自訂物件
上述範例擷取了
但在某些語言中,使用
自訂物件類型在「Add Data」(新增資料) 中,您已定義 City
類別
用來定義每個城市你可以將文件重新轉換成City
物件:
如要使用自訂物件,您必須定義 FirestoreDataConverter 函式。例如:
Web
class City { constructor (name, state, country ) { this.name = name; this.state = state; this.country = country; } toString() { return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country; } } // Firestore data converter const cityConverter = { toFirestore: (city) => { return { name: city.name, state: city.state, country: city.country }; }, fromFirestore: (snapshot, options) => { const data = snapshot.data(options); return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country); } };
如要使用自訂物件,您必須定義 FirestoreDataConverter 函式。例如:
Web
class City { constructor (name, state, country ) { this.name = name; this.state = state; this.country = country; } toString() { return this.name + ', ' + this.state + ', ' + this.country; } } // Firestore data converter var cityConverter = { toFirestore: function(city) { return { name: city.name, state: city.state, country: city.country }; }, fromFirestore: function(snapshot, options){ const data = snapshot.data(options); return new City(data.name, data.state, data.country); } };
使用讀取作業呼叫資料轉換器。轉換完成後 存取自訂物件方法:
Web
import { doc, getDoc} from "firebase/firestore"; const ref = doc(db, "cities", "LA").withConverter(cityConverter); const docSnap = await getDoc(ref); if (docSnap.exists()) { // Convert to City object const city = docSnap.data(); // Use a City instance method console.log(city.toString()); } else { console.log("No such document!"); }
使用讀取作業呼叫資料轉換器。轉換完成後 存取自訂物件方法:
Web
db.collection("cities").doc("LA") .withConverter(cityConverter) .get().then((doc) => { if (doc.exists){ // Convert to City object var city = doc.data(); // Use a City instance method console.log(city.toString()); } else { console.log("No such document!"); }}).catch((error) => { console.log("Error getting document:", error); });
Swift
如要在 Swift 中支援自動類型序列化,您的類型必須符合 可複製的通訊協定。
let docRef = db.collection("cities").document("BJ") do { let city = try await docRef.getDocument(as: City.self) print("City: \(city)") } catch { print("Error decoding city: \(error)") }
Objective-C
在 Objective-C 中,您必須手動進行這項操作。
FIRDocumentReference *docRef = [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"BJ"]; [docRef getDocumentWithCompletion:^(FIRDocumentSnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) { FSTCity *city = [[FSTCity alloc] initWithDictionary:snapshot.data]; if (city != nil) { NSLog(@"City: %@", city); } else { NSLog(@"Document does not exist"); } }];
Kotlin+KTX
val docRef = db.collection("cities").document("BJ") docRef.get().addOnSuccessListener { documentSnapshot -> val city = documentSnapshot.toObject<City>() }
Java
重要事項:每個自訂類別都必須有一個公開建構函式,而且這個建構函式不會 引數。此外,類別也必須為每個類別加入一個公開 getter 資源。
DocumentReference docRef = db.collection("cities").document("BJ"); docRef.get().addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<DocumentSnapshot>() { @Override public void onSuccess(DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot) { City city = documentSnapshot.toObject(City.class); } });
Dart
如要使用自訂物件,您必須定義 Firestore 資料轉換函式 。例如:
class City { final String? name; final String? state; final String? country; final bool? capital; final int? population; final List<String>? regions; City({ this.name, this.state, this.country, this.capital, this.population, this.regions, }); factory City.fromFirestore( DocumentSnapshot<Map<String, dynamic>> snapshot, SnapshotOptions? options, ) { final data = snapshot.data(); return City( name: data?['name'], state: data?['state'], country: data?['country'], capital: data?['capital'], population: data?['population'], regions: data?['regions'] is Iterable ? List.from(data?['regions']) : null, ); } Map<String, dynamic> toFirestore() { return { if (name != null) "name": name, if (state != null) "state": state, if (country != null) "country": country, if (capital != null) "capital": capital, if (population != null) "population": population, if (regions != null) "regions": regions, }; } }
接著,請使用資料轉換函式建立文件參照。不限 使用此參照執行的讀取作業會傳回 自訂類別:
final ref = db.collection("cities").doc("LA").withConverter( fromFirestore: City.fromFirestore, toFirestore: (City city, _) => city.toFirestore(), ); final docSnap = await ref.get(); final city = docSnap.data(); // Convert to City object if (city != null) { print(city); } else { print("No such document."); }
Java
每個自訂類別都必須有一個公開的建構函式 引數。此外,類別也必須為每個類別加入一個公開 getter 資源。
Python
Python
C++
// This is not yet supported.
Node.js
Node.js 使用 JavaScript 物件。
Go
PHP
PHP
如要進一步瞭解如何安裝及建立 Cloud Firestore 用戶端,請參閱 Cloud Firestore 用戶端程式庫。