Paginar dados com os cursores de consulta

É possível usar os cursores de consulta no Cloud Firestore para dividir em lotes os dados retornados por uma consulta, de acordo com os parâmetros definidos.

Os cursores de consulta definem os pontos inicial e final de uma consulta permitindo que você:

• retorne um subconjunto dos dados;
• execute a paginação dos resultados da consulta.

No entanto, para definir um intervalo específico de uma consulta, use o método where(), descrito em Consultas simples.

Adicionar um cursor simples a uma consulta

Use os métodos startAt() ou startAfter() para definir o ponto inicial de uma consulta. O método startAt() inclui o ponto inicial e o método startAfter() o exclui.

Por exemplo, se você usar startAt(A) em uma consulta, será retornado todo o alfabeto. Mas se você usar startAfter(A), será retornado B-Z.

citiesRef.orderBy("population").startAt(1000000)
test.firestore.js

// Get all cities with population over one million, ordered by population.
db.collection("cities")
    .order(by: "population")
    .start(at: [1000000])
ViewController.swift

// Get all cities with population over one million, ordered by population.
[[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
    queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
    queryStartingAtValues:@[ @1000000 ]];
ViewController.m
  

// Get all cities with a population >= 1,000,000, ordered by population,
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .startAt(1000000);
DocSnippets.java

// Get all cities with a population >= 1,000,000, ordered by population,
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .startAt(1000000)
DocSnippets.kt

Query query = cities.orderBy("population").startAt(4921000L);
QueryDataSnippets.java

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query_start_at = cities_ref.order_by(u'population').start_at({
    u'population': 1000000
})
snippets.py

let startAt = db.collection('cities')
  .orderBy('population')
  .startAt(1000000);
index.js

query := client.Collection("cities").OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc).StartAt(1000000)
query.go

$query = $citiesRef
    ->orderBy('population')
    ->startAt([1000000]);
start_at_field_query_cursor.php

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("Population").StartAt(1000000);
Program.cs

query = cities_ref.order("population").start_at(1_000_000)
paginate_data.rb

Da mesma forma, use os métodos endAt() ou endBefore() para definir um ponto final para os resultados da consulta.

citiesRef.orderBy("population").endAt(1000000)
test.firestore.js

// Get all cities with population less than one million, ordered by population.
db.collection("cities")
    .order(by: "population")
    .end(at: [1000000])
ViewController.swift

// Get all cities with population less than one million, ordered by population.
[[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
    queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
    queryEndingAtValues:@[ @1000000 ]];
ViewController.m
  

// Get all cities with a population <= 1,000,000, ordered by population,
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .endAt(1000000);
DocSnippets.java

// Get all cities with a population <= 1,000,000, ordered by population,
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .endAt(1000000)
DocSnippets.kt

Query query = cities.orderBy("population").endAt(4921000L);
QueryDataSnippets.java

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
query_end_at = cities_ref.order_by(u'population').end_at({
    u'population': 1000000
})
snippets.py

let endAt = db.collection('cities')
  .orderBy('population')
  .endAt(1000000);
index.js

query := client.Collection("cities").OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc).EndAt(1000000)
query.go

$query = $citiesRef
    ->orderBy('population')
    ->endAt([1000000]);
end_at_field_query_cursor.php

Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("Population").EndAt(1000000);
Program.cs

query = cities_ref.order("population").end_at(1_000_000)
paginate_data.rb

Usar um snapshot de documento para definir o cursor de consulta

Você também pode transferir um snapshot de documento para a cláusula do cursor como o ponto inicial ou final do cursor de consulta. Os valores no snapshot do documento servem como valores no cursor de consulta.

Por exemplo, tire um snapshot de um documento "San Francisco" no seu conjunto de dados de cidades e populações. Em seguida, use esse snapshot do documento como o ponto inicial para seu cursor de consulta de população. Sua consulta retornará todas as cidades com uma população maior ou igual à de San Francisco, conforme definido no snapshot do documento.

var citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

return citiesRef.doc("SF").get().then(function(doc) {
    // Get all cities with a population bigger than San Francisco
    var biggerThanSf = citiesRef
        .orderBy("population")
        .startAt(doc);

    // ...
});
test.firestore.js

db.collection("cities")
    .document("SF")
    .addSnapshotListener { (document, error) in
        guard let document = document else {
            print("Error retreving cities: \(error.debugDescription)")
            return
        }

        // Get all cities with a population greater than or equal to San Francisco.
        let sfSizeOrBigger = db.collection("cities")
            .order(by: "population")
            .start(atDocument: document)
}
ViewController.swift

[[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] documentWithPath:@"SF"]
    addSnapshotListener:^(FIRDocumentSnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) {
      if (snapshot == nil) {
        NSLog(@"Error retreiving cities: %@", error);
        return;
      }
      // Get all cities with a population greater than or equal to San Francisco.
      FIRQuery *sfSizeOrBigger = [[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
          queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
          queryStartingAtDocument:snapshot];
    }];
ViewController.m
  

// Get the data for "San Francisco"
db.collection("cities").document("SF")
        .get()
        .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<DocumentSnapshot>() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot) {
                // Get all cities with a population bigger than San Francisco.
                Query biggerThanSf = db.collection("cities")
                        .orderBy("population")
                        .startAt(documentSnapshot);

                // ...
            }
        });
DocSnippets.java

// Get the data for "San Francisco"
db.collection("cities").document("SF")
        .get()
        .addOnSuccessListener { documentSnapshot ->
            // Get all cities with a population bigger than San Francisco.
            val biggerThanSf = db.collection("cities")
                    .orderBy("population")
                    .startAt(documentSnapshot)

            // ...
        }
DocSnippets.kt

// Fetch the snapshot with an API call, waiting for a maximum of 30 seconds for a result.
ApiFuture<DocumentSnapshot> future = db.collection("cities").document("SF").get();
DocumentSnapshot snapshot = future.get(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

// Construct the query
Query query = db.collection("cities")
    .orderBy("population")
    .startAt(snapshot);
QueryDataSnippets.java

doc_ref = db.collection(u'cities').document(u'SF')

snapshot = doc_ref.get()
start_at_snapshot = db.collection(
    u'cities').order_by(u'population').start_at(snapshot)
snippets.py

let docRef = db.collection('cities').doc('SF');
return docRef.get().then(snapshot => {
  let startAtSnapshot = db.collection('cities')
    .orderBy('population')
    .startAt(snapshot);

  return startAtSnapshot.limit(10).get();
});
index.js

cities := client.Collection("cities")
dsnap, err := cities.Doc("SF").Get(ctx)
if err != nil {
	fmt.Println(err)
}
query := cities.OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc).StartAt(dsnap.Data()["population"]).Documents(ctx)
query.go

$citiesRef = $db->collection('cities');
$docRef = $citiesRef->document('SF');
$snapshot = $docRef->snapshot();

$query = $citiesRef
    ->orderBy('population')
    ->startAt($snapshot);
start_at_snapshot_query_cursor.php

CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
DocumentReference docRef = citiesRef.Document("SF");
DocumentSnapshot snapshot = await docRef.GetSnapshotAsync();
Query query = citiesRef.OrderBy("Population").StartAt(snapshot);
Program.cs

// Snippet not available

Paginar uma consulta

Pagine consultas combinando cursores de consulta com o método limit(). Por exemplo, use o último documento em um lote como o início de um cursor para o próximo lote.

var first = db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .limit(25);

return first.get().then(function (documentSnapshots) {
  // Get the last visible document
  var lastVisible = documentSnapshots.docs[documentSnapshots.docs.length-1];
  console.log("last", lastVisible);

  // Construct a new query starting at this document,
  // get the next 25 cities.
  var next = db.collection("cities")
          .orderBy("population")
          .startAfter(lastVisible)
          .limit(25);
});
test.firestore.js

// Construct query for first 25 cities, ordered by population
let first = db.collection("cities")
    .order(by: "population")
    .limit(to: 25)

first.addSnapshotListener { (snapshot, error) in
    guard let snapshot = snapshot else {
        print("Error retreving cities: \(error.debugDescription)")
        return
    }

    guard let lastSnapshot = snapshot.documents.last else {
        // The collection is empty.
        return
    }

    // Construct a new query starting after this document,
    // retrieving the next 25 cities.
    let next = db.collection("cities")
        .order(by: "population")
        .start(afterDocument: lastSnapshot)

    // Use the query for pagination.
    // ...
}
ViewController.swift

FIRQuery *first = [[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
    queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
    queryLimitedTo:25];
[first addSnapshotListener:^(FIRQuerySnapshot *snapshot, NSError *error) {
  if (snapshot == nil) {
    NSLog(@"Error retreiving cities: %@", error);
    return;
  }
  if (snapshot.documents.count == 0) { return; }
  FIRDocumentSnapshot *lastSnapshot = snapshot.documents.lastObject;

  // Construct a new query starting after this document,
  // retreiving the next 25 cities.
  FIRQuery *next = [[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
      queryOrderedByField:@"population"]
      queryStartingAfterDocument:lastSnapshot];
  // Use the query for pagination.
  // ...
}];
ViewController.m
  

// Construct query for first 25 cities, ordered by population
Query first = db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .limit(25);

first.get()
    .addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<QuerySnapshot>() {
        @Override
        public void onSuccess(QuerySnapshot documentSnapshots) {
            // ...

            // Get the last visible document
            DocumentSnapshot lastVisible = documentSnapshots.getDocuments()
                    .get(documentSnapshots.size() -1);

            // Construct a new query starting at this document,
            // get the next 25 cities.
            Query next = db.collection("cities")
                    .orderBy("population")
                    .startAfter(lastVisible)
                    .limit(25);

            // Use the query for pagination
            // ...
        }
    });
DocSnippets.java

// Construct query for first 25 cities, ordered by population
val first = db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("population")
        .limit(25)

first.get()
        .addOnSuccessListener { documentSnapshots ->
            // ...

            // Get the last visible document
            val lastVisible = documentSnapshots.documents[documentSnapshots.size() - 1]

            // Construct a new query starting at this document,
            // get the next 25 cities.
            val next = db.collection("cities")
                    .orderBy("population")
                    .startAfter(lastVisible)
                    .limit(25)

            // Use the query for pagination
            // ...
        }
DocSnippets.kt

// Construct query for first 25 cities, ordered by population.
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities");
Query firstPage = cities
    .orderBy("population")
    .limit(25);

// Wait for the results of the API call, waiting for a maximum of 30 seconds for a result.
ApiFuture<QuerySnapshot> future = firstPage.get();
List<QueryDocumentSnapshot> docs = future.get(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS).getDocuments();

// Construct query for the next 25 cities.
QueryDocumentSnapshot lastDoc = docs.get(docs.size() - 1);
Query secondPage = cities
    .orderBy("population")
    .startAfter(lastDoc)
    .limit(25);

future = secondPage.get();
docs = future.get(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS).getDocuments();
QueryDataSnippets.java

cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
first_query = cities_ref.order_by(u'population').limit(3)

# Get the last document from the results
docs = first_query.stream()
last_doc = list(docs)[-1]

# Construct a new query starting at this document
# Note: this will not have the desired effect if
# multiple cities have the exact same population value
last_pop = last_doc.to_dict()[u'population']

next_query = (
    cities_ref
    .order_by(u'population')
    .start_after({
        u'population': last_pop
    })
    .limit(3)
)
# Use the query for pagination
# ...
snippets.py

let first = db.collection('cities')
  .orderBy('population')
  .limit(3);

let paginate = first.get()
  .then((snapshot) => {
    // ...

    // Get the last document
    let last = snapshot.docs[snapshot.docs.length - 1];

    // Construct a new query starting at this document.
    // Note: this will not have the desired effect if multiple
    // cities have the exact same population value.
    let next = db.collection('cities')
      .orderBy('population')
      .startAfter(last.data().population)
      .limit(3);

    // Use the query for pagination
    // ...
  });
index.js

cities := client.Collection("cities")

// Get the first 25 cities, ordered by population.
firstPage := cities.OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc).Limit(25).Documents(ctx)
docs, err := firstPage.GetAll()
if err != nil {
	return err
}

// Get the last document.
lastDoc := docs[len(docs)-1]

// Construct a new query to get the next 25 cities.
secondPage := cities.OrderBy("population", firestore.Asc).
	StartAfter(lastDoc.Data()["population"]).
	Limit(25)

// ...
query.go

$citiesRef = $db->collection('cities');
$firstQuery = $citiesRef->orderBy('population')->limit(3);

# Get the last document from the results
$documents = $firstQuery->documents();
$lastPopulation = 0;
foreach ($documents as $document) {
    $lastPopulation = $document['population'];
}

# Construct a new query starting at this document
# Note: this will not have the desired effect if multiple cities have the exact same population value
$nextQuery = $citiesRef->orderBy('population')->startAfter([$lastPopulation]);
$snapshot = $nextQuery->documents();
paginated_query_cursor.php

CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
Query firstQuery = citiesRef.OrderBy("Population").Limit(3);

// Get the last document from the results
QuerySnapshot querySnapshot = await firstQuery.GetSnapshotAsync();
long lastPopulation = 0;
foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshot.Documents)
{
    lastPopulation = documentSnapshot.GetValue<long>("Population");
}

// Construct a new query starting at this document.
// Note: this will not have the desired effect if multiple cities have the exact same population value
Query secondQuery = citiesRef.OrderBy("Population").StartAfter(lastPopulation);
QuerySnapshot secondQuerySnapshot = await secondQuery.GetSnapshotAsync();
Program.cs

cities_ref  = firestore.col "cities"
first_query = cities_ref.order("population").limit(3)

# Get the last document from the results.
last_population = 0
first_query.get do |city|
  last_population = city.data[:population]
end

# Construct a new query starting at this document.
# Note: this will not have the desired effect if multiple cities have the exact same population value.
second_query = cities_ref.order("population").start_after(last_population)
second_query.get do |city|
  puts "Document #{city.document_id} returned by paginated query cursor."
end
paginate_data.rb

Definir várias condições de cursor

Para adicionar mais granularidade ao ponto inicial ou final do cursor, especifique várias condições na cláusula do cursor. Isso é particularmente útil se o seu conjunto de dados incluir campos onde a primeira condição em uma cláusula de cursor retornaria vários resultados. Use várias condições para especificar melhor o ponto inicial ou final e reduzir a ambiguidade.

Por exemplo, em um conjunto de dados contendo todas as cidades chamadas "Springfield" nos Estados Unidos, haveria vários pontos de partida para um conjunto de consultas iniciado em "Springfield":

Para começar em uma Springfield específica, é possível adicionar o estado como uma condição secundária na cláusula de cursor.

// Will return all Springfields
db.collection("cities")
   .orderBy("name")
   .orderBy("state")
   .startAt("Springfield")

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
db.collection("cities")
   .orderBy("name")
   .orderBy("state")
   .startAt("Springfield", "Missouri")
test.firestore.js

// Will return all Springfields
db.collection("cities")
    .order(by: "name")
    .order(by: "state")
    .start(at: ["Springfield"])

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
db.collection("cities")
    .order(by: "name")
    .order(by: "state")
    .start(at: ["Springfield", "Missouri"])
ViewController.swift

// Will return all Springfields
[[[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
    queryOrderedByField:@"name"]
    queryOrderedByField:@"state"]
    queryStartingAtValues:@[ @"Springfield" ]];
// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
[[[[db collectionWithPath:@"cities"]
   queryOrderedByField:@"name"]
   queryOrderedByField:@"state"]
   queryStartingAtValues:@[ @"Springfield", @"Missouri" ]];
ViewController.m
  

// Will return all Springfields
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("name")
        .orderBy("state")
        .startAt("Springfield");

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("name")
        .orderBy("state")
        .startAt("Springfield", "Missouri");
DocSnippets.java

// Will return all Springfields
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("name")
        .orderBy("state")
        .startAt("Springfield")

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
db.collection("cities")
        .orderBy("name")
        .orderBy("state")
        .startAt("Springfield", "Missouri")
DocSnippets.kt

// Will return all Springfields
Query query1 = db.collection("cities")
    .orderBy("name")
    .orderBy("state")
    .startAt("Springfield");

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
Query query2 = db.collection("cities")
    .orderBy("name")
    .orderBy("state")
    .startAt("Springfield", "Missouri");
QueryDataSnippets.java

start_at_name = (
    db.collection(u'cities')
    .order_by(u'name')
    .order_by(u'state')
    .start_at({
        u'name': u'Springfield'
    })
)

start_at_name_and_state = (
    db.collection(u'cities')
    .order_by(u'name')
    .order_by(u'state')
    .start_at({
        u'name': u'Springfield',
        u'state': u'Missouri'
    })
)
snippets.py

// Will return all Springfields
let startAtName = db.collection('cities')
  .orderBy('name')
  .orderBy('state')
  .startAt('Springfield');
index.js
// Will return 'Springfield, Missouri' and 'Springfield, Wisconsin'
let startAtNameAndState = db.collection('cities')
  .orderBy('name')
  .orderBy('state')
  .startAt('Springfield', 'Missouri');
index.js

// Will return all Springfields.
client.Collection("cities").
	OrderBy("name", firestore.Asc).
	OrderBy("state", firestore.Asc).
	StartAt("Springfield")

// Will return Springfields where state comes after Wisconsin.
client.Collection("cities").
	OrderBy("name", firestore.Asc).
	OrderBy("state", firestore.Asc).
	StartAt("Springfield", "Wisconsin")
query.go

// Will return all Springfields
$query1 = $db
    ->collection('cities')
    ->orderBy('name')
    ->orderBy('state')
    ->startAt(['Springfield']);

// Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
$query2 = $db
    ->collection('cities')
    ->orderBy('name')
    ->orderBy('state')
    ->startAt(['Springfield', 'Missouri']);
multiple_cursor_conditions.php

Query query1 = db.Collection("cities").OrderBy("Name").OrderBy("State").StartAt("Springfield");
Query query2 = db.Collection("cities").OrderBy("Name").OrderBy("State").StartAt("Springfield", "Missouri");
Program.cs

# Will return all Springfields
query1 = firestore.col("cities").order("name").order("state").start_at("Springfield")

# Will return "Springfield, Missouri" and "Springfield, Wisconsin"
query2 = firestore.col("cities").order("name").order("state").start_at(["Springfield", "Missouri"])
paginate_data.rb