使用文字搜尋

使用 Cloud Firestore 的文字搜尋功能，在文件中搜尋特定字串。

版本需求

文字搜尋功能需要 Firestore Enterprise 版資料庫。

事前準備

如要執行文字搜尋，您必須先為要搜尋的欄位建立文字索引。

執行文字搜尋

如要執行文字搜尋，請在 search(...) 階段的 query 參數中使用 documentMatches 運算式。

這項作業只會在以文字索引建立索引的欄位中搜尋。如果有多個索引可用，Cloud Firestore 會選取一個索引用於作業。

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles')
  }));
test.firestore.js
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(query: DocumentMatches("waffles"))
  .execute()
PipelineSnippets.swift

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles")))
DocSnippets.kt

Java

Pipeline pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles")));
DocSnippets.java
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles')
  })
  .execute();
test.firestore.js
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import DocumentMatches

results = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("restaurants")
    .search(DocumentMatches("waffles"))
    .execute()
)
firestore_pipelines.py
Java
Pipeline.Snapshot results1 =
    firestore.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(Search.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles")))
        .execute().get();
PipelineSnippets.java
Go
snapshot := client.Pipeline().
	Collection("restaurants").
	Search(firestore.WithSearchQuery(firestore.DocumentMatches("waffles"))).
	Execute(ctx)
pipeline_snippets_search.go

搜尋完全相符的字詞

如要搜尋完全相符的字詞，請在字詞前後加上引號 (")：

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('"belgian waffles"')
  }));
test.firestore.js
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(query: DocumentMatches("\"belgian waffles\""))
  .execute()
PipelineSnippets.swift

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("\"belgian waffles\"")))
DocSnippets.kt

Java

Pipeline pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("\"belgian waffles\"")));
DocSnippets.java
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('"belgian waffles"')
  })
  .execute();
test.firestore.js
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import DocumentMatches

results = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("restaurants")
    .search(DocumentMatches('"belgian waffles"'))
    .execute()
)
firestore_pipelines.py
Java
Pipeline.Snapshot results2 =
    firestore.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(Search.withQuery(documentMatches("\"belgian waffles\"")))
        .execute().get();
PipelineSnippets.java
Go
snapshot := client.Pipeline().
	Collection("restaurants").
	Search(firestore.WithSearchQuery(firestore.DocumentMatches("\"belgian waffles\""))).
	Execute(ctx)
pipeline_snippets_search.go

搜尋字詞組合

如要搜尋字詞組合 (邏輯 AND)，請以半形空格分隔字詞：

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles eggs')
  }));
test.firestore.js
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(query: DocumentMatches("waffles eggs"))
  .execute()
PipelineSnippets.swift

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles eggs")))
DocSnippets.kt

Java

Pipeline pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles eggs")));
DocSnippets.java
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles eggs')
  })
  .execute();
test.firestore.js
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import DocumentMatches

results = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("restaurants")
    .search(DocumentMatches("waffles eggs"))
    .execute()
)
firestore_pipelines.py
Java
firestore.collection("restaurants").add(new HashMap<String, Object>() {{
  put("name", "Morning Diner");
  put("description", "Start your day with waffles and eggs.");
}});
Pipeline.Snapshot results3 =
    firestore.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(Search.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles eggs")))
        .execute().get();
PipelineSnippets.java
Go
snapshot := client.Pipeline().
	Collection("restaurants").
	Search(firestore.WithSearchQuery(firestore.DocumentMatches("waffles eggs"))).
	Execute(ctx)
pipeline_snippets_search.go

排除字詞

如要排除字詞，請在字詞前面加上連字號 (-)：

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('coffee -waffles')
  }));
test.firestore.js
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(query: DocumentMatches("coffee -waffles"))
  .execute()
PipelineSnippets.swift

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles eggs")))
DocSnippets.kt

Java

Pipeline pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("coffee -waffles")));
DocSnippets.java
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('-waffles')
  })
  .execute();
test.firestore.js
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import DocumentMatches

results = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("restaurants")
    .search(DocumentMatches("-waffles"))
    .execute()
)
firestore_pipelines.py
Java
firestore.collection("restaurants").add(new HashMap<String, Object>() {{
  put("name", "City Coffee");
  put("description", "Premium coffee and pastries.");
}});
Pipeline.Snapshot results4 =
    firestore.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(Search.withQuery(documentMatches("-waffles")))
        .execute().get();
PipelineSnippets.java
Go
snapshot := client.Pipeline().
	Collection("restaurants").
	Search(firestore.WithSearchQuery(firestore.DocumentMatches("-waffles"))).
	Execute(ctx)
pipeline_snippets_search.go

您也可以排除特定詞組，例如 pizza -"New York"。

結果排序方式

根據預設，Cloud Firestore 系統會依文件建立時間排序結果，由新到舊。您也可以改用搜尋分數排序，但這需要更多計算資源，才能計算及比較每份文件的確切分數：

如要依搜尋分數排序結果，請按照下列步驟操作：

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles'),
    sort: score().descending()
  }));
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(
      query: DocumentMatches("waffles"),
      sort: [Score().descending()]
      )
  .execute()

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage
              .withQuery(documentMatches("waffles"))
              .withSort(score().descending())
              )
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: documentMatches('waffles'),
    sort: score().descending()
  })
  .execute();

在搜尋階段傳回的文件中新增欄位

您可以使用 addFields，將欄位新增至搜尋階段傳回的文件。傳回搜尋階段所計算值的運算式 (例如 score()) 可在搜尋階段的 addFields 中使用，將這些值寫入輸出文件。

以下範例會將分數欄位新增至搜尋階段傳回的文件：

Web

const result = await execute(db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: 'menu:waffles',
    addFields: [
        score().as('score'),
    ]
  }));
test.firestore.js
iOS
let snapshot = try await db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
  .search(
    query: DocumentMatches("waffles"),
    addFields: [
      Score().as("score")
    ]
  )
  .execute()
PipelineSnippets.swift

Kotlin

val pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
    .search(SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("waffles eggs")))
DocSnippets.kt

Java

Pipeline pipeline = db.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(
                SearchStage.withQuery(documentMatches("menu:waffles"))
                        .withAddFields(score().alias("score")));
DocSnippets.java
Node.js
await db.pipeline().collection('restaurants')
  .search({
    query: field('menu').matches('waffles'),
    addFields: [
        score().as('score'),
    ]
  }).execute();
test.firestore.js
Python
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_expressions import DocumentMatches, Score
from google.cloud.firestore_v1.pipeline_stages import SearchOptions

results = (
    client.pipeline()
    .collection("restaurants")
    .search(
        SearchOptions(
            query=DocumentMatches("menu:waffles"),
            add_fields=[Score().as_("score")],
        )
    )
    .execute()
)
firestore_pipelines.py
Java
Pipeline.Snapshot results5 =
    firestore.pipeline().collection("restaurants")
        .search(Search.withQuery(field("menu").regexMatch("waffles"))
            .withAddFields(score().as("score")))
        .execute().get();
PipelineSnippets.java
Go
snapshot := client.Pipeline().
	Collection("restaurants").
	Search(
		firestore.WithSearchQuery(firestore.FieldOf("menu").RegexMatch("waffles")),
		firestore.WithSearchAddFields(firestore.Score().As("score")),
	).
	Execute(ctx)
pipeline_snippets_search.go