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Cloud Firestore で単純なクエリと複合クエリを実行する

Cloud Firestore は、コレクションから取得するドキュメントを指定するための強力なクエリ機能を提供します。これらのクエリは、データを取得するとリアルタイム アップデートを入手するで説明しているように、get() または addSnapshotListener() とともに使用することもできます。

データの例

まず始めに、都市に関するデータを書き込み、データを読み戻すさまざまな方法を確認します。

ウェブ
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

citiesRef.doc("SF").set({
    name: "San Francisco", state: "CA", country: "USA",
    capital: false, population: 860000,
    regions: ["west_coast", "norcal"] });
citiesRef.doc("LA").set({
    name: "Los Angeles", state: "CA", country: "USA",
    capital: false, population: 3900000,
    regions: ["west_coast", "socal"] });
citiesRef.doc("DC").set({
    name: "Washington, D.C.", state: null, country: "USA",
    capital: true, population: 680000,
    regions: ["east_coast"] });
citiesRef.doc("TOK").set({
    name: "Tokyo", state: null, country: "Japan",
    capital: true, population: 9000000,
    regions: ["kanto", "honshu"] });
citiesRef.doc("BJ").set({
    name: "Beijing", state: null, country: "China",
    capital: true, population: 21500000,
    regions: ["jingjinji", "hebei"] });
test.firestore.js
Swift
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities")

citiesRef.document("SF").setData([
    "name": "San Francisco",
    "state": "CA",
    "country": "USA",
    "capital": false,
    "population": 860000,
    "regions": ["west_coast", "norcal"]
    ])
citiesRef.document("LA").setData([
    "name": "Los Angeles",
    "state": "CA",
    "country": "USA",
    "capital": false,
    "population": 3900000,
    "regions": ["west_coast", "socal"]
    ])
citiesRef.document("DC").setData([
    "name": "Washington D.C.",
    "country": "USA",
    "capital": true,
    "population": 680000,
    "regions": ["east_coast"]
    ])
citiesRef.document("TOK").setData([
    "name": "Tokyo",
    "country": "Japan",
    "capital": true,
    "population": 9000000,
    "regions": ["kanto", "honshu"]
    ])
citiesRef.document("BJ").setData([
    "name": "Beijing",
    "country": "China",
    "capital": true,
    "population": 21500000,
    "regions": ["jingjinji", "hebei"]
    ])
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"];
[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"SF"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"San Francisco",
  @"state": @"CA",
  @"country": @"USA",
  @"capital": @(NO),
  @"population": @860000,
  @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"norcal"]
}];
[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"LA"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"Los Angeles",
  @"state": @"CA",
  @"country": @"USA",
  @"capital": @(NO),
  @"population": @3900000,
  @"regions": @[@"west_coast", @"socal"]
}];
[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"DC"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"Washington D.C.",
  @"country": @"USA",
  @"capital": @(YES),
  @"population": @680000,
  @"regions": @[@"east_coast"]
}];
[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"TOK"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"Tokyo",
  @"country": @"Japan",
  @"capital": @(YES),
  @"population": @9000000,
  @"regions": @[@"kanto", @"honshu"]
}];
[[citiesRef documentWithPath:@"BJ"] setData:@{
  @"name": @"Beijing",
  @"country": @"China",
  @"capital": @(YES),
  @"population": @21500000,
  @"regions": @[@"jingjinji", @"hebei"]
}];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities");

Map<String, Object> data1 = new HashMap<>();
data1.put("name", "San Francisco");
data1.put("state", "CA");
data1.put("country", "USA");
data1.put("capital", false);
data1.put("population", 860000);
data1.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "norcal"));
cities.document("SF").set(data1);

Map<String, Object> data2 = new HashMap<>();
data2.put("name", "Los Angeles");
data2.put("state", "CA");
data2.put("country", "USA");
data2.put("capital", false);
data2.put("population", 3900000);
data2.put("regions", Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"));
cities.document("LA").set(data2);

Map<String, Object> data3 = new HashMap<>();
data3.put("name", "Washington D.C.");
data3.put("state", null);
data3.put("country", "USA");
data3.put("capital", true);
data3.put("population", 680000);
data3.put("regions", Arrays.asList("east_coast"));
cities.document("DC").set(data3);

Map<String, Object> data4 = new HashMap<>();
data4.put("name", "Tokyo");
data4.put("state", null);
data4.put("country", "Japan");
data4.put("capital", true);
data4.put("population", 9000000);
data4.put("regions", Arrays.asList("kanto", "honshu"));
cities.document("TOK").set(data4);

Map<String, Object> data5 = new HashMap<>();
data5.put("name", "Beijing");
data5.put("state", null);
data5.put("country", "China");
data5.put("capital", true);
data5.put("population", 21500000);
data5.put("regions", Arrays.asList("jingjinji", "hebei"));
cities.document("BJ").set(data5);
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
val cities = db.collection("cities")

val data1 = HashMap<String, Any>()
data1["name"] = "San Francisco"
data1["state"] = "CA"
data1["country"] = "USA"
data1["capital"] = false
data1["population"] = 860000
data1["regions"] = listOf("west_coast", "norcal")
cities.document("SF").set(data1)

val data2 = HashMap<String, Any>()
data2["name"] = "Los Angeles"
data2["state"] = "CA"
data2["country"] = "USA"
data2["capital"] = false
data2["population"] = 3900000
data2["regions"] = listOf("west_coast", "socal")
cities.document("LA").set(data2)

val data3 = HashMap<String, Any?>()
data3["name"] = "Washington D.C."
data3["state"] = null
data3["country"] = "USA"
data3["capital"] = true
data3["population"] = 680000
data3["regions"] = listOf("east_coast")
cities.document("DC").set(data3)

val data4 = HashMap<String, Any?>()
data4["name"] = "Tokyo"
data4["state"] = null
data4["country"] = "Japan"
data4["capital"] = true
data4["population"] = 9000000
data4["regions"] = listOf("kanto", "honshu")
cities.document("TOK").set(data4)

val data5 = HashMap<String, Any?>()
data5["name"] = "Beijing"
data5["state"] = null
data5["country"] = "China"
data5["capital"] = true
data5["population"] = 21500000
data5["regions"] = listOf("jingjinji", "hebei")
cities.document("BJ").set(data5)
DocSnippets.kt
Java
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities");
List<ApiFuture<WriteResult>> futures = new ArrayList<>();
futures.add(cities.document("SF").set(new City("San Francisco", "CA", "USA", false, 860000L,
    Arrays.asList("west_coast", "norcal"))));
futures.add(cities.document("LA").set(new City("Los Angeles", "CA", "USA", false, 3900000L,
    Arrays.asList("west_coast", "socal"))));
futures.add(cities.document("DC").set(new City("Washington D.C.", null, "USA", true, 680000L,
    Arrays.asList("east_coast"))));
futures.add(cities.document("TOK").set(new City("Tokyo", null, "Japan", true, 9000000L,
    Arrays.asList("kanto", "honshu"))));
futures.add(cities.document("BJ").set(new City("Beijing", null, "China", true, 21500000L,
    Arrays.asList("jingjinji", "hebei"))));
// (optional) block on documents successfully added
ApiFutures.allAsList(futures).get();
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
class City(object):
    def __init__(self, name, state, country, capital=False, population=0,
                 regions=[]):
        self.name = name
        self.state = state
        self.country = country
        self.capital = capital
        self.population = population
        self.regions = regions

    @staticmethod
    def from_dict(source):
        # ...

    def to_dict(self):
        # ...

    def __repr__(self):
        return(
            u'City(name={}, country={}, population={}, capital={}, regions={})'
            .format(self.name, self.country, self.population, self.capital,
                    self.regions))
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
cities_ref.document(u'SF').set(
    City(u'San Francisco', u'CA', u'USA', False, 860000,
         [u'west_coast', u'norcal']).to_dict())
cities_ref.document(u'LA').set(
    City(u'Los Angeles', u'CA', u'USA', False, 3900000,
         [u'west_coast', u'socal']).to_dict())
cities_ref.document(u'DC').set(
    City(u'Washington D.C.', None, u'USA', True, 680000,
         [u'east_coast']).to_dict())
cities_ref.document(u'TOK').set(
    City(u'Tokyo', None, u'Japan', True, 9000000,
         [u'kanto', u'honshu']).to_dict())
cities_ref.document(u'BJ').set(
    City(u'Beijing', None, u'China', True, 21500000, [u'hebei']).to_dict())
snippets.py
Node.js
var citiesRef = db.collection('cities');

var setSf = citiesRef.doc('SF').set({
  name: 'San Francisco', state: 'CA', country: 'USA',
  capital: false, population: 860000,
  regions: ['west_coast', 'norcal']
});
var setLa = citiesRef.doc('LA').set({
  name: 'Los Angeles', state: 'CA', country: 'USA',
  capital: false, population: 3900000,
  regions: ['west_coast', 'socal']
});
var setDc = citiesRef.doc('DC').set({
  name: 'Washington, D.C.', state: null, country: 'USA',
  capital: true, population: 680000,
  regions: ['east_coast']
});
var setTok = citiesRef.doc('TOK').set({
  name: 'Tokyo', state: null, country: 'Japan',
  capital: true, population: 9000000,
  regions: ['kanto', 'honshu']
});
var setBj = citiesRef.doc('BJ').set({
  name: 'Beijing', state: null, country: 'China',
  capital: true, population: 21500000,
  regions: ['jingjinji', 'hebei']
});
index.js
Go
cities := []struct {
	id string
	c  City
}{
	{
		id: "SF",
		c: City{Name: "San Francisco", State: "CA", Country: "USA",
			Capital: false, Population: 860000,
			Regions: []string{"west_coast", "norcal"}},
	},
	{
		id: "LA",
		c: City{Name: "Los Angeles", State: "CA", Country: "USA",
			Capital: false, Population: 3900000,
			Regions: []string{"west_coast", "socal"}},
	},
	{
		id: "DC",
		c: City{Name: "Washington D.C.", Country: "USA",
			Capital: false, Population: 680000,
			Regions: []string{"east_coast"}},
	},
	{
		id: "TOK",
		c: City{Name: "Tokyo", Country: "Japan",
			Capital: true, Population: 9000000,
			Regions: []string{"kanto", "honshu"}},
	},
	{
		id: "BJ",
		c: City{Name: "Beijing", Country: "China",
			Capital: true, Population: 21500000,
			Regions: []string{"jingjinji", "hebei"}},
	},
}
for _, c := range cities {
	if _, err := client.Collection("cities").Doc(c.id).Set(ctx, c.c); err != nil {
		return err
	}
}
query.go
PHP
$citiesRef = $db->collection('cities');
$citiesRef->document('SF')->set([
    'name' => 'San Francisco',
    'state' => 'CA',
    'country' => 'USA',
    'capital' => false,
    'population' => 860000,
    'regions' => ['west_coast', 'norcal']
]);
$citiesRef->document('LA')->set([
    'name' => 'Los Angeles',
    'state' => 'CA',
    'country' => 'USA',
    'capital' => false,
    'population' => 3900000,
    'regions' => ['west_coast', 'socal']
]);
$citiesRef->document('DC')->set([
    'name' => 'Washington D.C.',
    'state' => null,
    'country' => 'USA',
    'capital' => true,
    'population' => 680000,
    'regions' => ['east_coast']
]);
$citiesRef->document('TOK')->set([
    'name' => 'Tokyo',
    'state' => null,
    'country' => 'Japan',
    'capital' => true,
    'population' => 9000000,
    'regions' => ['kanto', 'honshu']
]);
$citiesRef->document('BJ')->set([
    'name' => 'Beijing',
    'state' => null,
    'country' => 'China',
    'capital' => true,
    'population' => 21500000,
    'regions' => ['jingjinji', 'hebei']
]);
printf('Added example cities data to the cities collection.' . PHP_EOL);
query_create_examples.php
C#
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
await citiesRef.Document("SF").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){
    { "Name", "San Francisco" },
    { "State", "CA" },
    { "Country", "USA" },
    { "Capital", false },
    { "Population", 860000 },
    { "Regions", new ArrayList{"west_coast", "norcal"} }
});
await citiesRef.Document("LA").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){
    { "Name", "Los Angeles" },
    { "State", "CA" },
    { "Country", "USA" },
    { "Capital", false },
    { "Population", 3900000 },
    { "Regions", new ArrayList{"west_coast", "socal"} }
});
await citiesRef.Document("DC").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){
    { "Name", "Washington D.C." },
    { "State", null },
    { "Country", "USA" },
    { "Capital", true },
    { "Population", 680000 },
    { "Regions", new ArrayList{"east_coast"} }
});
await citiesRef.Document("TOK").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){
    { "Name", "Tokyo" },
    { "State", null },
    { "Country", "Japan" },
    { "Capital", true },
    { "Population", 9000000 },
    { "Regions", new ArrayList{"kanto", "honshu"} }
});
await citiesRef.Document("BJ").SetAsync(new Dictionary<string, object>(){
    { "Name", "Beijing" },
    { "State", null },
    { "Country", "China" },
    { "Capital", true },
    { "Population", 21500000 },
    { "Regions", new ArrayList{"jingjinji", "hebei"} }
});
Console.WriteLine("Added example cities data to the cities collection.");
Program.cs
Ruby
cities_ref = firestore.col "cities"
cities_ref.doc("SF").set(
  name:       "San Francisco",
  state:      "CA",
  country:    "USA",
  capital:    false,
  population: 860_000
)
cities_ref.doc("LA").set(
  name:       "Los Angeles",
  state:      "CA",
  country:    "USA",
  capital:    false,
  population: 3_900_000
)
cities_ref.doc("DC").set(
  name:       "Washington D.C.",
  state:      nil,
  country:    "USA",
  capital:    true,
  population: 680_000
)
cities_ref.doc("TOK").set(
  name:       "Tokyo",
  state:      nil,
  country:    "Japan",
  capital:    true,
  population: 9_000_000
)
cities_ref.doc("BJ").set(
  name:       "Beijing",
  state:      nil,
  country:    "China",
  capital:    true,
  population: 21_500_000
)
query_data.rb

単純なクエリ

次のクエリは、州が CA のすべての都市を返します。

ウェブ
// Create a reference to the cities collection
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

// Create a query against the collection.
var query = citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA");
test.firestore.js
Swift
// Create a reference to the cities collection
let citiesRef = db.collection("cities")

// Create a query against the collection.
let query = citiesRef.whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA")
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
// Create a reference to the cities collection
FIRCollectionReference *citiesRef = [self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"];
// Create a query against the collection.
FIRQuery *query = [citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
// Create a reference to the cities collection
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

// Create a query against the collection.
Query query = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA");
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
// Create a reference to the cities collection
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities")

// Create a query against the collection.
val query = citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
DocSnippets.kt
Java
// Create a reference to the cities collection
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities");
// Create a query against the collection.
Query query = cities.whereEqualTo("state", "CA");
// retrieve  query results asynchronously using query.get()
ApiFuture<QuerySnapshot> querySnapshot = query.get();

for (DocumentSnapshot document : querySnapshot.get().getDocuments()) {
  System.out.println(document.getId());
}
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
# Create a reference to the cities collection
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')

# Create a query against the collection
query_ref = cities_ref.where(u'state', u'==', u'CA')
snippets.py
Node.js
// Create a reference to the cities collection
var citiesRef = db.collection('cities');

// Create a query against the collection
var queryRef = citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CA');
index.js
Go
query := client.Collection("cities").Where("state", "==", "CA")
query.go
PHP
$citiesRef = $db->collection('cities');
$query = $citiesRef->where('state', '=', 'CA');
$snapshot = $query->documents();
foreach ($snapshot as $document) {
    printf('Document %s returned by query state=CA' . PHP_EOL, $document->id());
}
create_query_state.php
C#
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
Query query = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("State", "CA");
QuerySnapshot querySnapshot = await query.GetSnapshotAsync();
foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshot.Documents)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Document {0} returned by query State=CA", documentSnapshot.Id);
}
Program.cs
Ruby
cities_ref = firestore.col "cities"

query = cities_ref.where "state", "=", "CA"

query.get do |city|
  puts "Document #{city.document_id} returned by query state=CA."
end
query_data.rb

次のクエリは、すべての首都を返します。

ウェブ
var citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

var query = citiesRef.where("capital", "==", true);
test.firestore.js
Swift
let capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereField("capital", isEqualTo: true)
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
FIRQuery *capitalCities =
    [[self.db collectionWithPath:@"cities"] queryWhereField:@"capital" isEqualTo:@YES];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
Query capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereEqualTo("capital", true);
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
val capitalCities = db.collection("cities").whereEqualTo("capital", true)
DocSnippets.kt
Java
// Create a reference to the cities collection
CollectionReference cities = db.collection("cities");
// Create a query against the collection.
Query query = cities.whereEqualTo("capital", true);
// retrieve  query results asynchronously using query.get()
ApiFuture<QuerySnapshot> querySnapshot = query.get();

for (DocumentSnapshot document : querySnapshot.get().getDocuments()) {
  System.out.println(document.getId());
}
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')

query = cities_ref.where(u'capital', u'==', True)
snippets.py
Node.js
// Create a reference to the cities collection
var citiesRef = db.collection('cities');

// Create a query against the collection
var queryRef = citiesRef.where('capital', '==', true);
index.js
Go
query := client.Collection("cities").Where("capital", "==", true)
query.go
PHP
$citiesRef = $db->collection('cities');
$query = $citiesRef->where('capital', '=', true);
$snapshot = $query->documents();
foreach ($snapshot as $document) {
    printf('Document %s returned by query capital=true' . PHP_EOL, $document->id());
}
create_query_capital.php
C#
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.Collection("cities");
Query query = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("Capital", true);
QuerySnapshot querySnapshot = await query.GetSnapshotAsync();
foreach (DocumentSnapshot documentSnapshot in querySnapshot.Documents)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Document {0} returned by query Capital=true", documentSnapshot.Id);
}
Program.cs
Ruby
cities_ref = firestore.col "cities"

query = cities_ref.where "capital", "=", true

query.get do |city|
  puts "Document #{city.document_id} returned by query capital=true."
end
query_data.rb

where() メソッドは、フィルタリングするフィールド、比較演算、値の 3 つのパラメータを受け入れます。比較は、<、<=、==、>、>=、array_contains のいずれかになります。iOS、Android、Java では、比較演算子はメソッド名で明示的に指定されます。

フィルタの例:

ウェブ
citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA")
citiesRef.where("population", "<", 100000)
citiesRef.where("name", ">=", "San Francisco")
test.firestore.js
Swift
citiesRef.whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA")
citiesRef.whereField("population", isLessThan: 100000)
citiesRef.whereField("name", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "San Francisco")
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"];
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"population" isLessThan:@100000];
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"name" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"San Francisco"];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA");
citiesRef.whereLessThan("population", 100000);
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", "San Francisco");
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
citiesRef.whereLessThan("population", 100000)
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", "San Francisco")
DocSnippets.kt
Java
Query stateQuery = cities.whereEqualTo("state", "CA");
Query populationQuery = cities.whereLessThan("population", 1000000L);
Query nameQuery = cities.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("name", "San Francisco");
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')

cities_ref.where(u'state', u'==', u'CA')
cities_ref.where(u'population', u'<', 1000000)
cities_ref.where(u'name', u'>=', u'San Francisco')
snippets.py
Node.js
var stateQuery = citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CA');
var populationQuery = citiesRef.where('population', '<', 1000000);
var nameQuery = citiesRef.where('name', '>=', 'San Francisco');
index.js
Go
countryQuery := cities.Where("state", "==", "CA")
popQuery := cities.Where("population", "<", 1000000)
cityQuery := cities.Where("name", ">=", "San Francisco")
query.go
PHP
$stateQuery = $citiesRef->where('state', '=', 'CA');
$populationQuery = $citiesRef->where('population', '>', 1000000);
$nameQuery = $citiesRef->where('name', '>=', 'San Francisco');
simple_queries.php
C#
Query stateQuery = citiesRef.WhereEqualTo("State", "CA");
Query populationQuery = citiesRef.WhereGreaterThan("Population", 1000000);
Query nameQuery = citiesRef.WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("Name", "San Francisco");
Program.cs
Ruby
state_query      = cities_ref.where "state", "=", "CA"
population_query = cities_ref.where "population", ">", 1_000_000
name_query       = cities_ref.where "name", ">=", "San Francisco"
query_data.rb

配列メンバーシップ

array_contains 演算子を使用すると、配列値に基づいてフィルタできます。例:

ウェブ
citiesRef.where("regions", "array-contains", "west_coast")
test.firestore.js
Swift
citiesRef
  .whereField("regions", arrayContains: "west_coast")
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" arrayContains:@"west_coast"];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities");

citiesRef.whereArrayContains("regions", "west_coast");
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
val citiesRef = db.collection("cities")

citiesRef.whereArrayContains("regions", "west_coast")
DocSnippets.kt
Java
CollectionReference citiesRef = db.collection("cities");
Query westCoastQuery = citiesRef.whereArrayContains("regions", "west_coast");
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')

query = cities_ref.where(u'regions', u'array_contains', u'west_coast')
snippets.py
Node.js
var westCoastCities = citiesRef.where('regions', 'array-contains',
  'west_coast');
index.js
Go
query := cities.Where("regions", "array-contains", "west_coast").Documents(ctx)
query.go
PHP
$containsQuery = $citiesRef->where('regions', 'array-contains', 'west_coast');
array_membership.php
C#
Query query = citiesRef.WhereArrayContains("Regions", "west_coast");
Program.cs
Ruby
// Not supported yet

このクエリは、regions フィールドが west_coast を含む配列であるすべての city ドキュメントを返します。クエリ対象の値が配列内に複数存在する場合でも、ドキュメントは結果に 1 回だけ含まれます。

複合クエリ

複数の where() メソッドをつなぎ合わせて、より具体的なクエリ（論理 AND）を作成することもできます。ただし、等価演算子（==）と範囲または array-contains 句（<、<=、>、>=、array_contains）を組み合わせる場合は、必ず複合インデックスを作成してください。

ウェブ
citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CO").where("name", "==", "Denver")
citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA").where("population", "<", 1000000)
test.firestore.js
Swift
citiesRef
    .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CO")
    .whereField("name", isEqualTo: "Denver")
citiesRef
    .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA")
    .whereField("population", isLessThan: 1000000)
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CO"]
    queryWhereField:@"name" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"Denver"];
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"]
    queryWhereField:@"population" isLessThan:@1000000];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CO").whereEqualTo("name", "Denver");
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA").whereLessThan("population", 1000000);
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CO").whereEqualTo("name", "Denver")
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA").whereLessThan("population", 1000000)
DocSnippets.kt
Java
Query chainedQuery1 = cities.whereEqualTo("state", "CO")
    .whereEqualTo("name", "Denver");Query chainedQuery2 = cities.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
    .whereLessThan("population", 1000000L);
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')

sydney_query = cities_ref.where(
    u'state', u'==', u'CO').where(u'name', u'==', u'Denver')
large_us_cities_query = cities_ref.where(
    u'state', u'==', u'CA').where(u'population', u'>', 1000000)
snippets.py
Node.js
citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CO').where('name', '==', 'Denver');citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CA').where('population', '<', 1000000);
index.js
Go
denverQuery := cities.Where("name", "==", "Denver").Where("state", "==", "CO")
caliQuery := cities.Where("state", "==", "CA").Where("population", "<=", 1000000)query := cities.Where("country", "==", "USA").Where("population", ">", 5000000)
query.go
PHP
$chainedQuery = $citiesRef
    ->where('state', '=', 'CA')
    ->where('name', '=', 'San Francisco');
chained_query.php

$chainedQuery = $citiesRef
    ->where('state', '=', 'CA')
    ->where('population', '<', 1000000);
composite_index_chained_query.php
C#
Query chainedQuery = citiesRef
    .WhereEqualTo("State", "CA")
    .WhereEqualTo("Name", "San Francisco");
Program.cs

Query chainedQuery = citiesRef
    .WhereEqualTo("State", "CA")
    .WhereLessThan("Population", 1000000);
Program.cs
Ruby
chained_query = cities_ref.where("state", "=", "CA").where("name", "=", "San Francisco")
query_data.rb

chained_query = cities_ref.where("state", "=", "CA").where("population", "<", 1_000_000)
query_data.rb

範囲比較（<、<=、>、>=）は、1 つのフィールドでのみ実行できます。また、複合クエリに最大 1 つの array_contains 句を入れることができます。

有効: 1 つのフィールドのみの範囲フィルタ

ウェブ
citiesRef.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("state", "<=", "IN")
citiesRef.where("state", "==", "CA").where("population", ">", 1000000)
test.firestore.js
Swift
citiesRef
    .whereField("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA")
    .whereField("state", isLessThanOrEqualTo: "IN")
citiesRef
    .whereField("state", isEqualTo: "CA")
    .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000)
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"CA"]
    queryWhereField:@"state" isLessThanOrEqualTo:@"IN"];
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isEqualTo:@"CA"]
    queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@1000000];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA")
        .whereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", "IN");
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
        .whereGreaterThan("population", 1000000);
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA")
        .whereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", "IN")
citiesRef.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
        .whereGreaterThan("population", 1000000)
DocSnippets.kt
Java
Query validQuery1 = cities.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA")
    .whereLessThanOrEqualTo("state", "IN");
Query validQuery2 = cities.whereEqualTo("state", "CA")
    .whereGreaterThan("population", 1000000);
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
cities_ref.where(u'state', u'>=', u'CA').where(u'state', u'<=', u'IN')
snippets.py
Node.js
citiesRef.where('state', '>=', 'CA').where('state', '<=', 'IN');
citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CA').where('population', '>', 1000000);
index.js
Go
stateQuery := cities.Where("state", ">=", "CA").Where("state", "<", "IN")
populationQuery := cities.Where("state", "==", "CA").Where("population", ">", 1000000)
query.go
PHP
$rangeQuery = $citiesRef
    ->where('state', '>=', 'CA')
    ->where('state', '<=', 'IN');
range_query.php
C#
Query rangeQuery = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("State", "CA")
    .WhereLessThanOrEqualTo("State", "IN");
Program.cs
Ruby
range_query = cities_ref.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("state", "<=", "IN")
query_data.rb

無効: 複数のフィールドの範囲フィルタ

ウェブ
citiesRef.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("population", ">", 100000)
test.firestore.js
Swift
citiesRef
    .whereField("state", isGreaterThanOrEqualTo: "CA")
    .whereField("population", isGreaterThan: 1000000)
ViewController.swift
Objective-C
[[citiesRef queryWhereField:@"state" isGreaterThanOrEqualTo:@"CA"]
    queryWhereField:@"population" isGreaterThan:@1000000];
ViewController.m
Java
Android
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA").whereGreaterThan("population", 100000);
DocSnippets.java
Kotlin
Android
citiesRef.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA")
        .whereGreaterThan("population", 100000)
DocSnippets.kt
Java
Query invalidRangeQuery = cities.whereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("state", "CA")
    .whereGreaterThan("population", 100000);
QueryDataSnippets.java
Python
cities_ref = db.collection(u'cities')
cities_ref.where(
    u'state', u'>=', u'CA').where(u'population', u'>=', 1000000)
snippets.py
Node.js
citiesRef.where('state', '>=', 'CA').where('population', '>', 1000000);
index.js
Go
query := cities.Where("state", ">=", "CA").Where("population", ">", 1000000)
query.go
PHP
$invalidRangeQuery = $citiesRef
    ->where('state', '>=', 'CA')
    ->where('population', '>', 1000000);
invalid_range_query.php
C#
Query invalidRangeQuery = citiesRef
    .WhereGreaterThanOrEqualTo("State", "CA")
    .WhereGreaterThan("Population", 1000000);
Program.cs
Ruby
invalid_range_query = cities_ref.where("state", ">=", "CA").where("population", ">", 1_000_000)
query_data.rb

クエリの制限事項

Cloud Firestore では、次のタイプのクエリはサポートされていません。

  • 複数のフィールドに範囲フィルタを適用するクエリ（前のセクションの説明を参照）。
  • 複数のコレクションまたはサブコレクションにわたる単一のクエリ。各クエリは、ドキュメントの単一コレクションに対して実行されます。データ構造がクエリにどのように影響するかについては、データ構造の選択をご覧ください。
  • 論理 OR クエリ。この場合は、OR 条件ごとに独立したクエリを作成し、アプリでクエリ結果を結合する必要があります。
  • != 句が含まれるクエリ。この場合は、「より大きい」クエリと「より小さい」クエリに、クエリを分割する必要があります。たとえば、クエリ句 where("age", "!=", "30") はサポートされませんが、2 つのクエリ（句 where("age", "<", "30") が含まれるクエリと句 where("age", ">", 30) が含まれるクエリ）を結合することで、同じ結果セットが得られます。